• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.90-90
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• 2017

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.79-81
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• 2014

Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a chronic, focal, speech-induced, action-specific dystonia, resulting strained voice. Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) may also result in a strangled, strained voice quality, usually as a result of compensation for underlying laryngeal disease such as glottal insufficiency. Patients with SD and MTD were suffered from the severely limiting people's communication, especially via telephone and in noisy backgrounds. SD is usually of the adductor type characterized by glottic contractions causing tightness and voice breaks, which is difficult to distinguish from MTD. In this review article, we present the characteritics and management of SD and MTD.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.86-86
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• 1996

연축성 발성장애(spasmodic dysphonia)는 아직까지 그 원인을 정확히 밝혀내지 못하고 있는 만성적인 발성장애로 과거에는 경직성 발성장애(spastic dysphonia)로 불리던 질환이다. 연축성 발성장애는 두 종류 즉, 내전형(adductor)과 외전형(abductor)으로 나누어지며 이중 내전형이 대부분이다. 외전형 연축성 발성장애는 발성도중에 성대가 갑자기 불수의적으로 외전되면서 음성이 중단되므로 원활히 대화하기가 힘든 질환이다. 이러한 질환은 국소적 근긴장이상(fecal dystonia)의 일종이다. 현재까지 연축성 발성장애의 치료법으로 사용되고 있는 것으로는 언어치료, botulium 독소주입술, 편측반회후두신경절 단술, 반회후두신경분쇄술, 상후두신경절단술, 갑상연골성형술, implantable stimulator 등이 있다. 연축성 발성장애 환자에 $Botox^{circledR}$ 주입에 관한 보고는 주로 내전형에 대해서만 보고되고 있으며 외전형에 대하여 보고된 예는 매우 적다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.22-22
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• 2008

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.91-98
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• 2020

This study investigated the acoustic characteristics of sustained vowel /a/ and sentence utterance produced by patients with muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) using cepstrum-based acoustic variables. 36 women diagnosed with MTD and the same number of women with normal voice participated in the study and the data were recorded and measured by ADSVTM. The results demonstrated that cepstral peak prominence (CPP) and CPP_F0 among all of the variables were statistically significantly lower than those of control group. When it comes to the GRBAS scale, overall severity (G) was most prominent, and roughness (R), breathiness (B), and strain (S) indices followed in order in the voice quality of MTD patients. As these characteristics increased, a statistically significant negative correlation was observed in CPP. We tried to classify MTD and control group using CPP and CPP_F0 variables. As a result of statistic modeling with a Random Forest machine learning algorithm, much higher classification accuracy (100% in training data and 83.3% in test data) was found in the sentence reading task, with CPP being proved to be playing a more crucial role in both vowel and sentence reading tasks.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2017

Voice disorder is classified into three categories, structural, neurogenic and functional dysphonia. Neurogenic dysphonia refers to a disruption in the nerves controlling the larynx. Common examples of this include complete or partial vocal cord paralysis, spasmodic dysphonia. Also it occurs as part of an underlying neurologic condition such as Parkinson's disease, myasthenia gravis, Lou Gehrig's disease or disorder of the central nervous system that causes involuntary movement of the vocal folds during voice production. Functional dysphonia is a voice disorder in the absence of structual or neurogenic laryngeal characteristics. A near consensus exist that Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) is functional voice disorder wherein hyperfunctional laryngeal muscle activity whereas Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is neurogenic, action-induced focal laryngeal dystonia including several subtype. Both Adductor type spasmodic dysphonia (AdSD) and MTD may be associated with excessive supraglottic contraction and compensation, resulting in a strained voice quality with spastic voice breaks. It makes these two disorders extremely difficult to differentiate based on clinical interpretation alone. Because treatment for AdSD and MTD are quite different, correct diagnosis is important. Clinician should be aware of the specific vocal characteristics of each disease to improve therapeutic outcome.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.94-97
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• 2021

Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) is a voice disorder characterized by excessive tension of the laryngeal muscles during phonation. Voice therapy is the gold standard of treatment for MTD. However, patients with MTD do not always respond to voice therapy. Multidisciplinary approaches have been attempted to treat intractable MTD such as lidocaine instillation, lidocaine injection to recurrent laryngeal nerve, botox injection and excision of false ventricle using CO₂ laser. Recently, injection laryngoplasty is suggested that assists in more efficient phonation and voice therapy to MTD patients. A patient with intractable MTD underwent lidocaine injection and injection laryngoplasty showed improved voice quality and remained stable until postoperative 3 months without any complications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.64-74
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• 2021

Background and Objectives This study was to investigate the voice quality and articulation effects of laryngeal massage on muscle tension dysphonia (MTD). Materials and Method A systematic review of articles published between January 2000 and December 2020 in Cochrane, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpingerLink, ERIC, and Naver Academic was conducted. From the total of 2094 articles identified, 10 peer-reviewed articles were included in a meta-analysis. Mean effect sizes of the variables related to voice quality (jitter, shimmer, harmonic to noise ratio or noise to harmonic ratio, high-F0, low-I, cepstral peak prominence) and articulation (F1, F2, F1 slope, F2 slope) were calculated by Hedges'g. Results Meta-analysis of the selected articles showed that laryngeal massage had medium to large effects on all variables of voice quality and articulation except F0-high and F1 slope in the MTD patients. Conclusion This study provided comprehensive clinical evidence that it is highly desirable to apply laryngeal massage to MTD patients.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.63-70
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to show the aerodynamic characteristics and differences in muscle tension dysphonia and adductor spasmodic dysphonia to predict factors which will provide additional information while preparing for the objective examination standard to distinguish the two dysphonias. Forty-eight individuals diagnosed with muscle tension dysphonia and adductor spasmodic dysphonia participated in this study. PAS was used in order to find the aerodynamic characteristics for the two dysphonias. The outcomes of this study show that the airflow variation and glottal resistance of the two groups showed noticeable differences. This study concludes that the aerodynamic characteristics may be used as additional information on diverse evaluations to classify muscle tension dysphonia and adductor spasmodic dysphonia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.91-94
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• 2016

Voice is a physical phenomenon, generated by vocal fold and expiratory airflow. Dysphonia should come from abnormal vocal fold and airflow. Occassionally larynx looks normal in show, but it is actually not. There should be undetected structural or functional abnormalities. So when ENT doctors face dysphonia patients who looks normal larynx, should make a diagnosis through close observation. In this review article we present some dysphonia diseases which looks normal larynx. For example vocal fatigue, vocal fold paresis, posterior glottic diastasis, muscle tension dysphonia and psychogenic dysphonia.