• Atmosphere
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.397-416
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• 2008

This study investigates a long-term variation of the annual extreme value for the instantaneous wind speed and the daily precipitation during 56 years (1951-2006) in Korea. Results show that there is a uptrend for both wind and precipitation extreme records, although regional trends are different from overall pattern in some places, particularly for wind speed. The estimated linear trends are 230 mm/56 yr in the daily precipitation and $15ms^{-1}$/56 yr in the maximum instantaneous wind speed. For precipitation, other indexes such as total annual precipitation, the number of extreme precipitation event, and precipitation intensity have dramatically increased as well, while there has been a clear downtrend for the number of strong wind events (> $14ms^{-1}$). It is found that the minimum surface pressure recorded during typhoon attacks in Korea tends to be decreasing, about 10 hPa/56 yr. This partly explains why the extreme values in the precipitation are increasing in Korea.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.18 no.1 s.18
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• pp.239-248
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 맨델브로트(Mandelbrot) 집합의 개념을 3차의 복소 다항식 z^3$+c 에 확장시켜 3차 분기집합을 정의하고, 이 집합의 2-주기 성분의 경계선 방정식과 관련 기하학적 성질을 고등학교 및 대학에서 다루는 미적분학 관점에서 분석하고자 한다. 복소수, 삼각함수, 매개함수, 함수의 극값, 미분 및 적분 등의 기초 이론을 활용하여 2-주기 성분의 경계선 방정식을 매개함수로 표시하고, 경계선의 내부 면적, 둘레 길이, 무게중심 등을 이론적으로 기술한다. 수학 소프트웨어인 매스매티카(Mathematica)를 활용하여 2-주기성분의 작도 및 기하학적 성질에 관한 수치 해석적 결과를 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

In this study, software products developed in the course of testing, software managers in the process of testing software test and test tools for effective learning effects perspective has been studied using the NHPP software. The finite failure non-homogeneous Poisson process models presented and the life distribution applied extreme distribution which used to find the minimum (or the maximum) of a number of samples of various distributions. Software error detection techniques known in advance, but influencing factors for considering the errors found automatically and learning factors, by prior experience, to find precisely the error factor setting up the testing manager are presented comparing the problem. As a result, the learning factor is greater than automatic error that is generally efficient model could be confirmed. This paper, a numerical example of applying using time between failures and parameter estimation using maximum likelihood estimation method, after the efficiency of the data through trend analysis model selection were efficient using the mean square error.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.1476-1480
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• 2010

최근에 한반도에 발생한 강설은 국민생활의 교통장애와 같은 생활의 불편함뿐만 아니라 농축산업의 광범위한 피해를 발생시키고 있다. 이번 2010년 1월 서울에는 40년만에 최대 적설량을 기록하였고 교통 및 도시 기능이 마비되는 등의 피해가 발생하였다. 본 연구에서는 기상청 산하 61개 지점 최심신적설량을 이용하였으며, 최근 적설량의 확률빈도규모를 고려하여 빈도별 확률적설량을 산정하고 확률적설량도를 작성하였다. 확률분포형은 확률가중모멘트법(PWM)을 이용하였고 적정분포형으로는 Gamma 2변수를 선정하였으며, 과거 적설량 자료를 검토한바 2004년, 2005년의 최심신적설량 극값은 평균 300년 빈도, 이번 2010년 1월 서울은 약 200년, 인천, 수원, 이천은 약 50년, 춘천은 약 30년 빈도인 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 적설량에 따른 방재 기준의 개선방안 및 재설정 방향 제시에 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.474-483
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• 2004

This paper analyzed the characteristics of daily ozone variations over Kangreung and Wonju. It was found that the diurnal cycle of ozone over Wonju has a primary ozone peak in the afternoon and a minimum around sunrise, which is a typical diurnal ozone cycle observable in the urban area. However, the cycle over Kangreung shows a primary peak in the afternoon and secondary peak around 3 a.m. The amounts of ozone in the secondary peak is occasionally higher than that in the primary peak. This nocturnal ozone peak is frequently observed year-round, and the highest frequency and extent are observed in spring. The possible cause of this nocturnal ozone increase was investigated using meteorological parameters and the HYSPLIT trajectory model. It was found that the nocturnal ozone peak is highly correlated with strong wind speed, which has led to positive temperature anomaly. The trajectory model revealed that when the secondary peak occurred, the air was originated from the west and a sinking motion subsequently followed. These findings suggested that when the westerly wind is strongest in spring, the polluted airs from urban areas are transported to the upper boundary layer over Kangreung area. In the case of strong wind during the night, nocturnal ozone peaks were produced by active vertical mixing between lower boundary and upper boundary layers.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.393-408
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• 2014

In this study, the spatio-temporal characteristics of summer extreme precipitation events in the Republic of Korea are examined based on the daily precipitation data observed at approximately 360 sites of both Automatic Weather Station (AWS) and Automated Synoptic Observation System (ASOS) networks by the Korea Meteorological Administration for the recent decade(2002~2011). During the summer Changma period(late June~mid July), both the frequency of extreme precipitation events exceeding 80mm of daily precipitation and their decadal maximum values are greatest at most of weather stations. In contrast, during the Changma pause period (late July~early August), these patterns are observed only in the northern regions of Geyeonggi province and western Kangwon province as such patterns are detected around Mt. Sobaek and Mt. Halla as well as in the southern regions of Geyeonggi province and western Kangwon province during the late Changma period (mid August~early September) due to north-south oscillation of the Changma front. Investigation of their regional patterns confirms that not only migration of the Changma front but also topological components in response to the advection of moistures such as elevation and aspect of major mountain ridges are detrimental to spatio-temporal patterns of extreme precipitation events. These results indicate that each local administration needs differentiated strategies to mitigate the potential damages by extreme precipitation events due to the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of their frequency and intensity during each Changma period.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.759-768
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• 2019

This study was conducted to estimate the mean annual extreme minimum temperature raster and predict the potential distribution of the invasive plant, Ipomoea triloba, on the Korean peninsula. We collected annual extreme minimum temperature and mean coldest month minimum temperature data from 129 weather stations on the Korean peninsula from 1990-2019 and used this data to create a linear regression model. The min temperature of the coldest month raster from Worldclim V2 were used to estimate a 30 second spatial resolution, mean annual extreme minimum temperature raster of the Korean peninsula using a regression model. We created three climatic rasters of the Korean peninsula for use with the Proto3 species distribution model and input the estimated mean annual extreme minimum temperature raster, a Köppen-Geiger climate class raster from Beck et al. (2018), and we also used the mean annual precipitation from Worldclim V2. The potential distribution of I. triloba was estimated using the Proto3 model with 117 occurrence points. As a result, the estimated area for a potential distribution of I. triloba was found to be 50.7% (111,969 ㎢) of the Korean peninsula.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.335-347
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• 2013

There are various types of real world signals. For example, an electrocardiogram(ECG) represents myocardium activities (contraction and relaxation) according to the beating of the heart. ECG can be expressed as the fluctuation of ampere ratings over time. A signal is a composite of various types of signals. An orchestra (which boasts a beautiful melody) consists of a variety of instruments with a unique frequency; subsequently, each sound is combined to form a perfect harmony. Various research on how to to decompose mixed stationary signals have been conducted. In the case of non-stationary signals, there is a limitation to use methodologies for stationary signals. Huang et al. (1998) proposed empirical mode decomposition(EMD) to deal with non-stationarity. EMD provides a data-driven approach to decompose a signal into intrinsic mode functions according to local oscillation through the identification of local extrema. However, due to the repeating process in the construction of envelopes, EMD algorithm is not efficient and not robust to a noise, and its computational complexity tends to increase as the size of a signal grows. In this research, we propose a new method to extract a local oscillation embedded in a signal by utilizing the second derivative.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.357-363
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• 1995

Disbond size of adhesively bonded single lap and double lap joints CFRP composite specimens has been evaluated using acousto-ultrasonic(AU) technique. Frequency spectra for all specimens were obtained by measuring peak amplitude of the stress wave propagated through the bond-lines. By analyzing these frequency spectra, peak amplitude was found to be proportional to fractional bonding area and to be maxima at the fundamental and the third order higher harmonic frequencies of specimen thickness mode. The disbond size can be evaluated quantitatively and this technique can be applied to real structures if the reference specimens are prepared in advancve.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2010

It is essential to find oscillating angles and periods in a seaway when designing and manufacturing stabilizers. It is difficult to find oscillating angles and periods in high speed turning and they vary with ship speed and wave heading angles, therefore, proper algorithm to measure oscillating periods in a seaway. In the present study, three kinds of algorithms are developed to measure oscillating angles periods in a seaway. Dual axis tilt sensor of low price is used to measure oscillating angles, and the effect of lateral accelerations on tilt sensor have been reduced by the fusion algorithm using the gyro sensor signals. Analog and digital filters are applied to minimize the noise of the signals. Three kinds of algorithms, zero crossing, peak to peak and moving zero crossing algorithm, are developed to measure oscillating periods in a seaway. It is found that the moving zero algorithm showed the best results in the sea trials.