• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.119-130
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• 1998

This is on the dance costume of ancient Greece. The present study classified the characteristics of Greek dance and dance costume according to the silhouette, quality of material, color and ornaments. Materials of the study are the pictures and figures presented in literatures, sculptures, crockeries, murals, coins. The dances of Greece can be classified into religious dance, educational dance, recreational dance, dramatic dance and various forms of dance on each dances were developed. Especially, it is the greatest character that Greeks gave dances educational value and created composit art including song, lines and dance. As dance costume, Himation, Chiton, Chlamys which Greeks generally wore were widely worn. Also, the beauty of dance costume was maximized by the changes of basic costumes and development of various ways of wearing. Especially, professional dancers wore costumes shorter than knee-length ones forming a A-line silhouette different from a cylindrical one. Thin cloth revealing body silhouette such as fiax hemp, linen, silk were used as materials of dance costumes. As for colors, white was mainly used, But orange, blue and green were used, too. They wore band, scarf, bonnet on the head and seldom used any ornaments except for fibula. They wore the same sandals which Greeks wore, Crepis, front-heeled shoes which is thought to be the origin of modern ballet shoes for the technique of toe in dance. As mentioned above, as the dance costume of Greece were mainly worn as the similar forms of the dance costume of Greeks, various forms of costumes were worn with the development of dance and bold ways of wearing and silhouette were developed unlike the costume of common people.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 2003

Today, the visual description of body is viewed in various categories, and the circumstance of computers is regarded as new type of communication beyond the circumstance of individual body. In cyber space, when existence and role of character in computer game constitute communication, the ideal body description of each character depicts dramatic beauty, which rises above reality. On this thesis, analyzing the body description and transition on visual in, I grope for a method to utilize in creating game character which is modeled from ideal human being. Although the progress of producing character has already come to limit, concluding that we have to create character model which has marked individuality and beauty by adding modem and future analysis to the golden ratio, which has established since ancient Greece, this paper suggests the method of creating character which has the image of ideal human body.

• Proceedings of the Mineralogical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.93-101
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• 2002

석회석은 우리나라 광업법 제3조에서 규정한 법정광물로써 백운석, 대리석, 방해석 및 코퀴나 등을 포함하며, 최근 우리나라 전체 광산물 생산량의 $75\%$를 상회하는 단일광종 최대생산량을 나타내고 있는 광종이다. 이외에도 석회석 광은 여러 가지 통계적으로도 국내 최대임을 나타내는데, 즉, 2001년도 우리나라 일반광(66종) 등록광구수 5,242개소 중에서 1,494개소를 차지하여 $28.5\%$를 차지하며, 가행광산 수에서도 320개소 중 109개소$(34\%)$, 근로자 수에서는 4,291명중에서 2,748명$(64\%)$으로 최대의 규모를 가지고 있다. 실제로 석회석 및 관련제품은 오늘날 화학공업이나 환경산업 등 각종의 산업에 널리 이용되고 있으며, 그의 이용 역사에서도 유구한 역사를 가지고 있다. 즉, 고대 유적분석 결과는 이미 신석기 시대에도 석회 재료가 쓰였을 것으로 보고되고 있으며, 성경(신명기 27장 1-5절)에도 소개되고 있고, 우리나라에서의 석회 사용의 역사도 동국여지승람(성종16년), 세종실록, 문종실록 등에 석회 산지가 자세히 조사 기록되어 있으며 소성석회의 제조, 사용에 대하여도 기록하고 있다. 이외에도, 그리이스, 로마, 중국 등지의 역사에서는 건축재, 농업, 표백 및 제혁공업 등에 사용되었다는 사실이 발견되고 있지만, 석회석의 용도가 크게 증가된 것은 역시 산업혁명 이후 20세기가 시작되면서부터 라고 할 수 있다. 석회석은 국가산업구조 및 인간의 삶의 양식에 따라 그의 용도가 다양하고, 광범위하게 변화하는 만큼, 그의 품질 또한 중요하게 취급되어야 하지만, 우리나라의 경우에는 아직도 시장규모가 큰 일부용도이외에 사용자의 요구에 부합되는 다양한 품질의 석회제품을 제조하는 데에는 인색하고, 또한 사용자의 대부분은 용도가 명시되어 있는 외국의 제품을 선호하는 경향에 따라 석회석 및 관련제품의 수입량이 감소하지 않고 있다. 최근 우리나라는 국제통화기금(IMF)이후에, 국내산업을 보호하는 정부의 규제나 지원은 폐지 또는 축소되고, 외국회사의 시장참여에 의한 국제경쟁기반이 약화되고 있는 것도 사실이지만, 고 환율에 의하여 일부제품의 수입은 자제되고, 국내산 대체 방향으로 진행되고 있기 때문에, 안정되고 신뢰할 수 있는 품질의 제품을 제조하는 경우에는 오히려 국내시장의 확장에는 좋은 시기가 될 수도 있다고 판단된다. 이에 본고에서는 최근 국내 석회석 관련제품을 활용하는 사례를 분석하고 향후 유효 이용을 도모하는 데에 참고가 되었으면 하는 마음에서 작성하였다.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.93-101
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• 2002

석회석은 우리 나라 광업법 제3조에서 규정한 법정광물로써 백운석, 대리석, 방해석 및 코퀴나 등을 포함하며, 최근 우리 나라 전체 광산물 생산량의 75%를 상회하는 단일광종 최대생산량을 나타내고 있는 광종이다. 이외에도 석회석 광은 여러 가지 통계적으로도 국내 최대임을 나타내는데, 즉, 2001년도 우리 나라 일반광(66종) 등록광구수 5,242개소 중에서 1,494개소를 차지하여 28.5%를 차지하며, 가행광산 수에서도 320개소 중 109개소(34%), 근로자 수에서는 4,291명중에서 2,748명(64%)으로 최대의 규모를 가지고 있다. 실제로 석회석 및 관련제품은 오늘날 화학공업이나 환경산업 등 각종의 산업에 널리 이용되고 있으며, 그의 이용 역사에서도 유구한 역사를 가지고 있다. 즉, 고대 유적분석 결과는 이미 신석기 시대에도 석회 재료가 쓰였을 것으로 보고되고 있으며, 성경(신명기 27장 1～5절)에도 소개되고 있고, 우리 나라에서의 석회 사용의 역사도 동국여지승람(성종16년), 세종실록, 문종실록 등에 석회 산지가 자세히 조사 기록되어 있으며 소성석회의 제조, 사용에 대하여도 기록하고 있다. 이외에도, 그리이스, 로마, 중국 등지의 역사에서는 건축재, 농업, 표백 및 제혁공업등에 사용되었다는 사실이 발견되고 있지만, 석회석의 용도가 크게 증가된 것은 역시 산업혁명 이후 20세기가 시작되면서부터 라고 할 수 있다. 석회석은 국가산업구조 및 인간의 삶의 양식에 따라 그의 용도가 다양하고, 광범위하게 변화하는 만큼, 그의 품질 또한 중요하게 취급되어야 하지만, 우리 나라의 경우에는 아직도 시장규모가 큰 일부용도이외에 사용자의 요구에 부합되는 다양한 품질의 석회제품을 제조하는 데에는 인색하고, 또한 사용자의 대부분은 용도가 명시되어 있는 외국의 제품을 선호하는 경향에 따라 석회석 및 관련제품의 수입량이 감소하지 않고 있다. 최근 우리 나라는 국제통화기금(IMF)이후에, 국내산업을 보호하는 정부의 규제나 지원은 폐지 또는 축소되고, 외국회사의 시장참여에 의한 국제경쟁기반이 약화되고 있는 것도 사실이지만, 고 환율에 의하여 일부제품의 수입은 자제되고, 국내산 대체 방향으로 진행되고 있기 때문에, 안정되고 신뢰할 수 있는 품질의 제품을 제조하는 경우에는 오히려 국내시장의 확장에는 좋은 시기가 될 수도 있다고 판단된다. 이에 본고에서는 최근 국내 석회석 관련제품을 활용하는 사례를 분석하고 향후 유효이용을 도모하는 데에 참고가 되었으면 하는 마음에서 작성하였다.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.53-57
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• 2009

The Oriental flower arrangements have the beauty of a strict triangle in a symmetrical three-dimensional effect as the form of flower tribute to gods in ancient times and used frogs to fix flowers to a basin easily. Flower arrangements of a conical shape made by repeatedly piled flowers in ancient Egypt shows the origin of the present vertical form of the Western flower arrangements. Flower arrangements in ancient Greece formed in a smooth S shape, while Roman flower arrangements were rich and gorgeous in a lowering and thin shape horizontally. Persians were showing triangular forms similar to the Oriental three-dimensional effect. The basic form of flower arrangements in the age of Renaissance was also created upon the ancient one, descending to Art Nouveau when flower arrangements were widely expressed from mass to space aesthetics led by America in the 20th century influenced by mild color, simplicity and realistic description of the Oriental art in the late 19th century. The Western flower arrangements are focused on formation, same as the Oriental ones, yet they disregard naturality and based on practicality.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.299-319
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• 2010

This thesis analyzed that which countries won the Olympic medals more efficiently at the Olympic Games. Unlike the previous studies, I measured efficiency under the CRS, found implications for investment to improve sports skills through understanding the characteristics of sports race. A methods for research is a DEA-based approach which measures efficiency by using the data only, not assuming the parameters. The inputs are total population and GDP, the output is Olympic medals at 2004 Athens Olympic Games and 2006 Turin Winter Olympic Games. I applied different weights based on the medal colors. The results showed the tendencies that the larger the scales of total population and GDP were, the lower efficient values were. These tendencies imply that sports skills are related with the law of diminishing returns and international convergence. According to these phenomenons, surging investments for sports performance are hard to get proper justification. In the case of limited resources, investing uniformly in various sport entries is more productive than in just one or two sport entries.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.147-160
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• 2011

Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) is a natural phenolic constituent extensively used in dentistry as a component of zinc oxide eugenol cement and is applied to the mouth environment. Chios gum mastic (CGM) is a resinous exudate obtained from the stem and the main leaves of Pistacia lenticulus tree native to Mediterranean areas. This study was undertaken to investigate the synergistic apoptotic effect of co-treatment with a natural product, CGM and natural phenolic compound, eugenol on SCC25 human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line. To investigate whether the co-treatment with eugenol and CGM compared to each single treatment efficiently reduces the viability of SCC25 cells, MTT assay was conducted. Induction and augmentation of apoptosis were confirmed by Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining and DNA hypoploidy. Westen blot analysis and immunofluorescent staining were performed to study the alterations of the expression level and the translocation of apoptosis-related proteins in co-treatment. In this study, co-treatment of with eugenol and CGM on SCC25 cells showed several lines of apoptotic manifestation such as nuclear condensations, DNA fragmentation, the increase and decrease of Bax and Bcl-2, decrease of DNA content, the release of cytochrome c into cytosol, translocation of AIF and DFF40 (CAD) onto nuclei, and activation of caspase-3, caspase-6 caspase-7, caspase-9, PARP, Lamin A/C and DFF45 (ICAD) whereas each single treated SCC25 cells did not show or very slightly these patterns. Although the single treatment of 40 ${\mu}g$/ml CGM and 0.5 mM eugenol for 24 h did not induce apoptosis, the co-treatment of these reagents prominently induced apoptosis. Therefore our data provide the possibility that combination therapy with CGM and eugenol could be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for human oral squamous cell carcinoma.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.7
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• pp.133-162
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• 1995

Paderborn's companies, Wameling and Cassau, produce the liturgical vestments, which have much traditional artistic merit. And Kevelaerer Fahnen + Paramenten GmbH, located in Kevelater which is a place of pilgrimage of the Virgin Mary, was known to Europe, Africa, America and the Scandinavia Peninsula as the "Hidden Company" of liturgical vesments maker up to now. Paderborn and Kevelaer were the place of the center of the religious world and the Catholic ceremony during a good few centries. The Catholic liturgical vestiments of these 3 companies use versatile design, color, shape and techniques. These have not only the symbolism of religion, but also can meet our's expectations of utilization of modern textile art, art clothing and wide-all division of design. These give the understanding of symbolic meanings and harmony according to liturgical vestments to the believers. And these have an influence on mental thinking and induction of religious belief to the non-believers as the recognition and concerns about the religious art. The liturgical vestments are clothes which churchmen put on at the all ceremonial function of a mass, a sacrament, performance and a parade according to rules of church. These show the represen-tation of "Holy God" in silence and distinguish between common people and churchmen. And these represent a status and dignity of churchmen and induce majesty and respect to churchmen. Common clothes of the beginning of the Greece and Rome was developed to Christian clothes with the tendency of religion. There were no special uniforms distinguished from commen people until the Christianity was recognized officially by the Roman Emperor Constantinus at A.D.313. The color of liturgical vestments was originally white and changed to special colors according to liturgical day and each time by the Pope Innocentius at 12th century. The color and symbolic meaning of the liturgical vestments of present day was originated by the Pope St. Pius(1566-1572). Wool and Linen was used as decorations and materials in the beginnings and the special materials like silk was used after 4th century and beautiful materials made of gold thread was used at 12th century. It is expected that there is no critical changes to the liturgical vestments of future. But the development of liturgical vestments will continues slowly by the command of conservative church and will change to simple and convenient formes according to the culture, the trend of the times and the fashion of clothes. The companies of liturgical vestments develop versatile design, embroidery technique and realization of creative design for distinction of the liturgical vestments of each company and artistic progress. The cooperation of companies, artists and church will make the bright future of these 3 companies. We expect that our country will be a famous producing center of the liturgical vestments through the research and development of companies, participation of artists in religeous arts and concerts of church.