• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 2015

In this study, an experimental study was performed to evaluate the concrete breakout strength of cast-in-place(CIP) anchors in cracked concrete under static shear loading. The CIP anchors involved in this study were 30mm in diameter with an edge distance of 150mm and an embedment length of 240mm. The experiment was carried out for two specimens in uncracked concrete and three specimens in cracked concrete orthogonal and parallel to the direction of shear loading, respectively. Compared to the uncracked concrete specimen, cracked specimen orthogonal to the direction of shear loading showed no reduction in the concrete breakout strength and that parallel to the load direction about 91% strength which corresponds to 84% of uncracked concrete strength defined in ACI 318-11. Therefore, the experimental results showed smaller decrease in the shear resistance of CIP anchors in cracked concrete than that specified in ACI code which account for 71% strength of uncracked concrete in cracked concrete.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.18 no.3 s.93
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• pp.425-429
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• 2006

Horizontal cracks at the mid-depth of concrete slabs were observed at a section of the continuously reinforced concrete pavement(CRCP) structures on the Korea Highway Corporation's Test Road. To investigate the existence and the extent of horizontal cracks in the concrete slab, a number of cores were taken from the section of CRCP. To identify the causes of horizontal cracks, numerical analyses were conducted. Several variables relative to design, material, and environment were considered in the studies to evaluate possible causes of horizontal cracking. A numerical model of CRCP was developed using the finite element discretization, and the shear and normal tensile stress distributions in CRCP were investigated with the model. Numerical analysis results show that the maximum shear and normal tensile stresses develop near the depth of steel bars at transverse cracks. If those maximum stresses reach the strength of concrete, horizontal cracks occur. The maximum stresses become higher as the environmental loads, coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete, and elastic modulus of concrete increase.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.379-385
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• 2008

콘크리트 건물의 보수 작업은 표면에 발생하는 균열을 정확하게 계측함으로써 비용적인 측면과 안전성이 결정된다. 하지만 표면에 발생한 균열은 대부분 점검자에 의해 수작업으로 계측되기 때문에 시간적 측면에서 비효율적이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 콘크리트 슬래브 표면에 발생한 균열의 밝기와 밀도 그리고 면적 특징을 이용한 균열 검출 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 균열 검출 방법은 콘크리트 슬래브 표면의 명암도와 위치 정보를 ART2 기반 양자화에 적용한 후, 균열과 인접한 배경간의 명암도 차이를 이용하여 균열과 인접한 배경을 분리한다. 균열과 인접한 배경이 분리된 영상에서 형태학적인 정보를 이용하여 세부적인 잡음을 제거한 후에 최종적으로 균열 영역을 검출한다. 실제 콘크리트 균열 영상을 대상으로 실험한 결과, 다양한 콘크리트 균열 영상에서 기존의 방법보다 균열 검출 성능이 개선되었음을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.360-365
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 콘크리트 표면 균열 영상에서 균열을 효율적으로 추출하기 위한 화상처리 기법과 ART1 기반 RBF 네트워크를 제안하여 균열의 방향성을 인식한다. 본 논문에서 사용된 화상처리 기법으로는 균열 영상의 빛을 보정하기 위한 모폴로지 기법인 채움(Closing)연산을 적용하고 Sobel 마스크를 적용하여 균열 영상의 에지를 추출한 후 반복 이진화를 적용하여 균열 영상을 이진화한다. 이진화 된 영상에 두 차례에 걸쳐 잡음제거를 수행하여 콘크리트 표면 균열 영상으로부터 균열을 추출한다. 본 논문에서는 추출된 균열을 ART1 기반 RBF 네트워크에 적용하여 균열의 방향성(횡방향, 종방향, $-45^{\circ}$방향, $45^{\circ}$방향)을 자동으로 인식할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 ART1 기반 RBF 네트워크는 입력층과 중간층으로의 학습은 ART1을 적용하고 중간층과 출력층 간의 학습은 Delta 학습 방법을 적용한다. 실제 콘크리트 균열 영상을 적용하여 실험한 결과, 콘크리트 표면 균열 영상에서 효율적으로 균열을 추출할 수 있었고 제안된 ART1 기반 RBF 네트워크가 추출된 균열의 방향성 인식에 효율적인 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.469-475
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• 2008

It is obvious that chloride penetration through cracks can threaten the durability of concrete substantially, according to the previous studies of author. It was proposed that crack depth corrseponded with critical crack width from the surface is a crucial factor in view of durability design of concrete structures. It is now necessary to deal with chloride penetration through microcracks characterized with the mixing features of concrete. The purpose of this study is examining the effect of mix proportional features of concrete such as coarse aggregate, high strengtherize of concrete and reinforcement of steel fiber on chloride penetration through cracks. Although small size of coarse aggregate can lead to many microcracks in concrete, the cracks should not impact on chloride penetration directly. On the contrary, chloride should penetrate through cracks easily in concrete with a large size of coarse aggregate because mixrocracks are connected to each other. Second, high strength concrete has an excellent performance to resist with chloride penetration. However, for cracked high strength concrete, its performance is reduced upto the level of ordinary concrete. Finally, steel fiber reinforcement is effective to reduce chloride penetration through cracks because steel fiber reinforcement can lead to reduce crack depth significantly.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2002

매스 콘크리트 구조물에서는 콘크리트 타설 후 시멘트의 수화열로 인한 온도응력에 의해서 온도균열의 발생 가능성이 매우 높다. 따라서, 매스 콘크리트 시공시, 온도균열을 구조물의 내구성 관점에서 최대한 억제시킬 필요가 있다. 최근에는 국내에서도 단위시멘트량이 많은 배합을 이용하는 고강도 콘크리트 구조물의 시공이 증가되고 있다. 이와 같은 매스 콘크리트 구조물은 단위시멘트량이 많기 때문에 부재내 수화열에 의한 온도의 상승 속도가 빠르기 때문에 시공에 앞서 사전에 설계, 재료 및 시공 측면에서 온도균열 제어 대책을 검토할 필요가 있다.(중략)

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.707-715
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• 2007

The vulnerability of concrete to its environment is significantly dependent on the fact that concrete is a porous material. For well-consolidated and well-cured concrete, its service life is a very long and an entrance of aggressive substance might be only pores. However, for cracked concrete, cracks should be preferential channel for the penetration of aggressive substance such as chloride ions. The effect of crack on chloride penetration depends on its size for example, crack width and crack depth. The purpose of this study is examining the effect of crack width and crack depth on chloride penetration. In order to visualize chloride penetration via cracks, RCM (rapid chloride migration) testing is accomplished. Crack width is examined using an optical microscope and CMOD value is used to estimate average crack width. From the examination on the trend of chloride diffusion coefficients of concrete specimens with various crack widths, a critical crack width and a critical crack depth are found out.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1353-1358
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose a detection method that automatically detects concrete surface cracks using fuzzy method in the image of concrete surface cracks. First, the proposed method detecting concrete surface cracks detects the candidate crack areas by applying R, G, B channel values of the concrete crack image to fuzzy method. We finally detect cracks by the density information about the detected candidate areas after we remove the detailed noises on the image of the concrete surface cracks. The experiments using real concrete images showed that the proposed method is greatly improved of crack detection compared with the conventional methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.268-272
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 형태가 왜곡되지 않은 균열뿐만 아니라, 잡음과 유사한 미세 균열까지 효과적으로 추출하고 분석할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 균열 검출 방법은 콘크리트 슬래브 표면의 R, G, B 채널 값을 퍼지 기법에 적용하여 후보 균열 영역을 추출한 후, 추출한 후보 균열 영역에 SOM 기법을 적용하여 1차적으로 잡음 영역을 제거한다. 잡음이 제거된 후보 균열 영역에서 밀도 정보를 이용하여 2차적으로 세부적인 잡음 영역을 제거하여 최종적으로 균열 영역을 검출한다. 실제 콘크리트 균열 영상을 대상으로 실험한 결과, 다양한 콘크리트 균열 영상에서 기존의 균열 추출 방법보다 균열 검출 성능이 개선되었음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.900-909
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• 2002

Fibers play a role to increase the tensile strength and cracking resistance of concrete structures. The post cracking behavior must be clarified to predict cracking resistance of fiber reinforced concrete. The purpose of this study is to develop a realistic analysis method for the post cracking behavior of synthetic fiber reinforced concrete members. For this purpose, the cracked section is assumed to behave as a rigid body and the pullout behavior of single fiber is employed. A probabilistic approach is used to calculate effective number of fibers across crack faces. The existing theory is compared with test data and shows good agreement. The proposed theory can be efficiently used to describe the load-deflection behavior, moment-curvature relation, load-crack width relation of synthetic fiber reinforced concrete beams.