• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 2003

Objectives: The authors studied the anxiety, depression and psychological characteristics of medical out-patients, which are diagnosed as peptic ulcer disorder and essential hypertension. We also examined the state of psychiatric consultation. Methods: The subjects were composed of 56 patients with peptic ulcer disorder, 44 patients with essential hypertension and 116 controls. STAI, BDI and SCL-90R was administered to all subjects. Chart review, telephone interview and Self report questionnaire of etiology and severity of illness, drug compliance and so forth were performed in disease groups. Results: Considerable depression was noticed in 39.3% among the patients with peptic ulcer disorder, 27.7% in hypertension and 12.1% in control group by BDI. State anxiety was noticed in 44.6% among the patients with peptic ulcer disorder, 54.5% in hypertension and 18.1% in control group by State anxiety. Trait anxiety was noticed in 42.9% among the patients with peptic ulcer disorder, 34.1% in hypertension and 25.8% in control group by Trait anxiety. The higher SOM, BDI, STAI, the lower drug compliance and rapport. Psychological problems are considered of the most important etiology in 48.2% of peptic ulcer group and 45.7% of hypertensive group. But psychiatric consultation is made only in 1.8% of peptic ulcer group and 2.3% of hypertensive group. Conclusions: Anxiety and depression are common phenomena in medical outpatients. In comparison with the normal control group, peptic ulcer group showed significantly higher trait anxiety and depression and hypertensive group higher state anxiety. These characteristics are related to the drug compliance and doctor-patient relationship. These results suggested the needs of active psychiatric consultation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.84-92
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• 2015

Interferon inducible transmembrane protein (IFITM) family genes have been implicated in various cellular processes such as the homotypic cell adhesion functions of IFNs and cellular anti-proliferative activities. The present study aimed to investigate whether the polymorphisms of the IFITM2 and IFITM5 genes are associated with susceptibility to UC. We identified a total of thirteen polymorphisms (eleven SNPs and two variations) in the IFITM2 gene and twelve polymorphisms (eleven SNPs and one variation) in the IFITM5 gene, by the direct sequencing method. Genotype analysis in the IFITM2 and IFITM5 SNPs was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Taq-Man probe analysis, and the haplotype frequencies of IFITM2 and IFITM5 SNPs for multiple loci were estimated using the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. The genotype and allele frequencies of IFITM2 SNPs, as well as IFITM5 SNPs, in UC patients were not significantly different from those of the healthy controls. We also analyzed the combined frequencies of rs77537847 of IFITM1, rs909097 of IFITM2, and rs56069858 of IFITM5 in the UC patients and the healthy controls. Although the distribution of the major combined genotype frequency did not differ significantly between the healthy controls and the UC patients, the GGT combined frequency in the healthy controls was significantly different from that in the UC patients (P=0.002). This result suggests that the combined genotype of the IFITMs polymorphisms may be associated with a susceptibility to UC and could be a useful genetic marker for UC.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2016

We estimated the averaged maximum incidences of bacterial canker at suitable sites for kiwifruit cultivation in 2020s and 2050s using D-PSA-K model with RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate change scenarios. Though there was a little difference between the estimation using RCP4.5 and that using RCP8.5, the estimated maximum disease incidences were more than 75% at all the suitable sites in Korea except for some southern coastal areas and Jeju island under the assumption that there are a plenty of infections to cause the symptoms. We also analyzed the intermediate and final outputs of D-PSA-K model to find out the trends on the change in disease incidence affected by climate change. Whereas increase of damage to kiwifruit canes in a non-frozen environment caused by bacterial canker was estimated at almost all the suitable sites in both the climate change scenarios, rate of necrosis increase caused by the bacterial canker pathogen in a frozen environment during the last overwintering season was predicted to be reduced at almost all the suitable sites in both the climate change scenarios. Directions of change in estimated maximum incidence varied with sites and scenarios. Whereas the maximum disease incidence at 3.14% of suitable sites for kiwifruit cultivation in 2020s under RCP4.5 scenario was estimated to increase by 10% or more in 2050s, the maximum disease incidence at 25.41% of the suitable sites under RCP8.5 scenario was estimated so.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.261-265
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• 2001

소아의 소화성궤양은 소아 소화계질환 중에서 발병율이 점차 늘어나고 있는 추세에 있다. 최근 소아과에서 내시경의 활용이 활발해지면서 장기적으로 반복하여 위완통(胃脘痛), 변혈 (便血)및 구혈(嘔血)이 나타나는 경우 궤양성질환의 가능성이 높은 것으로 밝혀지고 있다. 본원에서는 유명한 중의사 왕붕비(王鵬飛) 교수의 비완통(脾脘痛) 치험방을 토대로 많은 임상을 거쳐 위평충제(胃平沖劑)를 개발하여 1992년6월부터 1997년12월까지 위내시경 검사를 통하여 위궤양으로 진단된 98명의 소아환자에게 투여하여 관찰한 바 만족스러운 효과가 나타나 이를 보고한다. 위평충제(胃平衝劑)의 처방구성은 자초(紫草), 청대(靑黛), 곽향(藿香), 유향(乳香), 회향(茴香), 정향(丁香), 황련(黃連), 적석지(赤石脂), 황정(黃精) 등이다. 한의학적 이론에 따르면 불규칙하고 자극성이 강한 음식섭취 습관은 비위(脾胃)를 손상시켜 중주(中州)를 옹체(壅滯)시키므로 기(氣)의 원활한 소통이 이루어지지 않으면 부통즉통(不通卽痛)의 기전으로 발전한다. 또한 근래 소아들이 각종 정신적인 압박으로 스트레스가 쌓이면서 간기울결(肝氣鬱結)을 초래하여 울화(鬱火)로 인하여 혈락(血絡)이 손상되면서 출혈증상이 나타난다. 왕교수의 견해에 따르면 체내에 어혈이 제거되지 않으면 기혈(氣血)의 순환이 더욱 악화되어 어적(瘀積)이나 궤양 또는 경새(梗塞) 등을 일으키게 된다고 하였다. 따라서 위평충제(胃平沖劑)는 활혈화어(活血化瘀), 청열해독(淸熱解毒)과 더불어 익기양위(益氣養胃), 거어지통(祛瘀止痛)의 효능이 있는 약물들로 구성되었다. 동물실험에서 위평충제(胃平衝劑)는 궤양표면을 보호하고 치유하며 재발을 방지하는 효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었고, 위액의 분비, 위단백질효소의 활성에 대한 억제 및 진통효과도 있는 것으로 입증되었다.행하여 사용하는 것이 바람직하며, 단순한 중약 투여는 일부 양약에 의한 소아성장에 미치는 영향을 피할 수 있어 더 많은 임상연구가 이어져야 한다.(當歸) 목단피(牧丹皮) 울김(鬱金) 정력자(?歷子) 세신(細辛) 오미자(五味子) 구기자(枸杞子) 산수황육(山茱黃肉) 황기(黃?) 감초(甘草) 등을 기본적으로 사용한다. 비신양허형(脾腎陽虛型)은 온보비신(溫補脾腎) 화어척담(化瘀滌痰)을 원칙으로 하며, 처방에는 구마황( 灸麻黃) 세신(細辛) 오미자(五味子) 당귀(當歸) 단삼(丹蔘) 울김(鬱金) 정력자(?歷子) 반하(半夏) 보골지(補骨脂) 선령비(仙靈脾) 태자삼(太子蔘) 황기(黃?) 감초(甘草) 등을 기본적으로 사용한다. 치험(治驗): (1) 천식의 실증(實證)은 치료를 한 뒤 완화단계에 접어들면서 허증(虛證)으로 전화되는데, 허천(虛喘)도 역시 천식이니 만큼 단순히 보법(補法)만 사용하여서는 안된다. 시종일관 천식치료에는 척담화어(滌痰化瘀)의 원칙을 지켜야 한다. 폐내(肺內)의 담어(痰瘀)가 철저하게 제거되어야 폐(肺)의 순환기능을 개선시켜 기도(氣道)의 염증을 신속히 흡수하고 치유할 수 있다. 이와 같은 치료과정은 약 3-6개월이 필요하다. 완화단계의 기간이 길어질수록 완치될 확률도 높아진다. (2) 급성기 천식은 폐(肺)를 다스려야 한다. 폐(肺)를 다스리는 방법에는 선폐(宣肺), 청폐(淸肺), 온폐(溫肺), 윤폐(潤肺) 및 척담거어(滌痰祛瘀) 등이 있다. (3) 증상이 완화되면 신(腎)을 다스린다. 천식은 신허(腎虛)가 근본적인 원인이므로 완화단계에서 심지어 발작기에도 보신제(補腎劑)를 추가하여 사용하면 배의 효과를 얻을 수 있다. (4) 비(脾)의 기능을 강화하여 근본을 채우는 부비배본(扶脾培本)도 중요하다. 후천의 수곡정미(水穀精微)로 선천을 충족시키고 자양하는 것은 질병에 대한 저항력을

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.172-175
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• 2008

Hemangioma is the most common benign tumor of infancy. Greater than 60% of hemangiomas occur on the head and neck, and have an uncomplicated course. In contrast, most complicated hemangiomas develop in the urogenital or anogenital areas. These lesions are frequently associated with pain, bleeding, recurring infections, and ulcerations. Sometimes, perianal ulcerative hemangiomas are difficult to treat with multiple therapies, such as laser and steroid therapy. We managed a case of a severe perianal ulcerative hemangioma in a male newborn who did not respond to conservative management. He was successfully treated after a colostomy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.704-707
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• 2007

Penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer involving the aortic arch has rarely been reported on in the literature. Acute rupture of a penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer involving the distal arch and the proximal descending thoracic aorta was found in a 78-year-old male, and he originally presented with acute-onset shoulder pain and hoarseness. Patch repair of the perforated arch and the proximal descending thoracic aorta was successfully done under total circulatory arrest.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.116-120
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• 2003

A PCR method that combines biological and enzymatic amplification of PCR targets was developed for the detection of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae on kiwifruit leaves. A nested PCR was performed with primers designes from the coding sequence of the cfl gene, which is involved in production of the phytotoxin coronatine. The first and second primer sets efficiently amplified expected 665 and 310-bp fragments, respectively. With two successive amplifications, as few as 20 CFU/ml of P. syringae pv. actinidiae could be detected on ethidium bromide-stained agarose gel. Leaf samples were collected from 4 kiwifruit trees showing yellow halo spots on leaves and incubated in pepton-sucrose broth for 12 h at $16^{\circ}$C before PCR amplification. Positive detection was obtained with one sample, which was proved as a diseased plant in the next spring.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.164-170
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• 1992

Haemorrhagic ulcer in cultured snakehead(Chann0 argus) is widespread in Korea during the summer season. Round haemorrhagic ulcers as the main symptom of this epizootic disease can be found on the skin of the head. body, as well as fins of this fish. This study was conducted to investigate the pathology of this disease. First. Aeromonas veronii. the dominant species. was isolated from diseased snakeheads. Then this bacterium was injected into healthy snakeheads hypodermically. Such injection was found to induce haemorrhagic ulcers very similar to those observed in naturally infected fish. One or two days afier the injection, a red spot developed around the injection site. and grew bigger to from a red area. This enlarged area then developed into haemorrhagic ulcer, accompanied by substantial skin loss. Within five days. muscle necrosis proceeded to the extent that a perforation was made between the injection site and the opposite side. The fifty per cent lethal dosage was found to be $1\times10^{5}$CFU/0.25 ml by intraperitoneal injection. The results of this experiment lead us to conclude that Arromonas veronii is a major bacterium which causes haemorragic ulcer in cultured snakcheads.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.89-92
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• 2010

Perianastomotic ulceration (PAU) rarely occurs after small bowel resection in infancy. Since the understanding of its pathogenesis is incomplete, an effective method of treatment has not yet been discovered. We report the first case in Korea of a 10-year-old girl with chronic iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and growth failure who was diagnosed with PAU at colonoscopy. Seven years were required to identify the cause of IDA. After surgical resection and revision of anastomosis, a close follow-up is being conducted due to the risk of recurrence. Here, we also review reports on 25 pediatric patients with PAU derived from a search of the English-language literature and describe the clinical features of PAU along with the results of treatment.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2014

Citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is one of the most important diseases on citrus. Although Satsuma mandarin cultivating mostly in Korea is moderately resistance to canker, occurrence of the disease were more frequently reported since last decade. Like other diseases in citrus, citrus canker was mainly protected by chemical fungicide in the field. Due to the side effect of the chemicals, alternative method of disease control is recently required. In this study four rhizobacterial strains TRH423-3, MRL408-3, THJ609-3 and TRH415-2 are selected by testing its antifungal activity against Xcc. Pre-inoculation with the selected rhizobacterial strains caused disease suppression on the citrus leaves after inoculation with the citrus canker pathogen. Similarly, in the field test symptoms of citrus canker were less developed in the citrus trees applied several times with the selected rhizobacterial strains compared with those of untreated trees. Therefore, it is suggested that the selected rhizobacterial strains may be valuable as an alternative method in the environment-friendly citrus farm.