• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.112-123
• /
• 2002

Background and Objective : The evaluation of facial nerve function is a complex procedure. The House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system(H-B grade)and the Yanagihara grading system(Y-system) have been recommended as universal standards for assessing the degree of facial nerve palsy. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of Y-system and H-B system and to know the advantages of each system for each stage of incomplete recovery or sequelae of facial paralysis. Materials and Methods : A comparison between H-B grade and Y-system was studied with 137 evaluations of 61 cases of incomplete recovery or sequelae of peripheral facial paralysis. Each case was graded by using H-B system as a gross system and Y-system as a regional system before treatment, after 12 weeks and 6 months Results and Conclusions : The range of score in the Y-system 0-6, 8-16, 14-22, 24-34, 32-38, 38-40 were matched with grade VI, V, IV, III, II and I in the H-B system. The percentage of H-B grade III was the greatest among 137 evaluations and y-system showed the greatest score range. H-B system is easy to use but Y-system is more objective, quantitative and convenient to use in the incomplete recovery or sequelae state.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.1619-1623
• /
• 2007

This study was desiged to investigate the Obesity and Right-left(region) of Patients with Bell's palsy. We measured the sex, age, BMI and pulse diagnosis of 149 patients who were diagnosed as Bell's palsy. The results were as follows : In distribution of sex, the ratio of male was 52.35%(78 cases), female 47.65%(71 cases). The distribution of age revealed that 40s was the most in 50 cases(33.6%). The distribution of region in facial palsy was left 73 cases, right 76 cases(1:1.04). In distribution of region in facial palsy patients with obesity, the ratio of left was 32.86%(49 cases), right 34.23%(51 cases). But facial palsy patients with obesity was the most in 100 cases(67.11%), low weght was 3 cases(2.01%). In distribution of pulse diagnosis in facial palsy patients with obesity, the ratio of huh-mac(虛脈) was 63.64%(42 case), sil-mac(實脈) 36.36%(24 cases). The huh-mac(虛脈) was simlliar to gi-huh(氣虛). So we found that the facial palsy patients with obesity was more gi-huh(氣虛) than with low weght. In distribution of region in facial palsy patients with obesity-huh-mac(虛脈), the ratio of left was 41.38%(12 cases), right 58.62%(17 cases).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.201-210
• /
• 2002

Objective : The aim of this study was to assess the effects of admission care on Bell's palsy by case control study. Method : 27 patients who diagnosed as Bell's palsy were shared 13 inpatients group treated by early admission care, and 14 outpatients group. They were equally treated with acupuncture, herb medicine and western medicine. The groups were evaluated by Yanagihara,s unweighted grading system at pre-treatment, after 5 days, after 10 days and after 15 days. Results : The Yanagihara,s scores of 2 groups showed stastically significant improvement in comparison with pre-treatment. In improvement index after treatment, the Yanagihara,s scores of 2 groups increased but were not stastically significant the difference. Conclusion : These results provided that the admission care may not be a valuable treatment for Bell's palsy. Further study is needed to evaluate the effect of early admission care on Bell's palsy.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.215-224
• /
• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the effects of oriental medical treatments on the facial nerve palsy in Herpes Zoster Oticus. Methods : Subjects were 1 patients with the facial nerve palsy in Herpes Zoster Oticus. She had improved slightly still she had be gotten the medical services on inpatient states for 2 month. We gave Kamiligigepung-san to the patient 90 minutes after each meal and tried acupuncture 2 times every day. And we had evaluated the conditions of the patient using VAS, House-Brackmann Grade and Yanagihara scale. Results : After the comparison between an admission and discharge date at VAS, House-Brackmann Grade and Yanagihara scale, the facial nerve palsy of the patient had improved. Conclusions : It is effective the Kamiligigepung-san and Acupuncture on the facial nerve palsy in Herpes Zoster Oticus.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.189-211
• /
• 2003

The clinical data and thermographic imaging were analyzed on the 38 cases of Bell's palsy who were treated admission in the Oriental Medicine Hospital of Wonkwang University from January 2002 to May 2003. 38 patients with Bell's palsy were within one week after the onset of the paralysis, and thermal type in the DITI were hypo or hyper generally. Nerve conduction test(ENOG and EMG) examined in two weeks after onset. We studied interaction effect between thermal type and paralysis grade on admission day. We studied each main effect ; paralysis grade on admission day - nerve conduction test, nerve conduction test - thermal type, thermal type - paralysis grade after 4 weeks, paralysis grade on admission day - paralysis grade after 4 weeks, sasang constitution - nerve conduction test. The following results were obtained that interaction effect between thermal type and paralysis grade on admission day showed no significance, each main effect ; paralysis grade on admission day - nerve conduction test, paralysis grade on admission day - paralysis grade after 4 weeks, showed significance, each main effect ; nerve conduction test - thermal type, thermal type - paralysis grade after 4 weeks, sasang constitution - nerve conduction test, showed no significance.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2001

Background and Objetive : Lack of uniformity in reporting facial nerve recovery in patients with facial nerve paralysis has been a major disadvantage in comparing treatment modalities. The objective evaluation of facial nerve function is a complex procedure. The House and Brackmann grading system, the Yanagihara grading system has been recommend as a universal standard for assessing the degree of facial nerve palsy. However, clinical studies for treatment of facial palsy have rarely used this universal standard in oriental medicine. That is the reason for analysing this facial nerve grading system. Material and Method : We choose 10 scales reported from 1955 till 1995. These facial nerve grading systems may be classified as Gross system, Regional system and Specific system. Result and Conculsion : The scales of Botmann and Jonkees, May, Peitersen, and House and Brackmann are the gross facial nerve grading systems with which we grossly assess the facial motor dysfunction and the secondary defect. Among these scales, H-B scale is the most widespred The scales of Yanagihara(若杉文吉), Smith, Adour and Swanson, Jassen, FEMA are the regional facial nerve grading system in which we weight, or unweight the facial motor dysfunction and the secondary defect. For example, the scales of Yanagihara(若杉文吉) and Smith are the unweighted regional scale, the scale of Adour and Swanson, Jassen, FEMA are the weighted regional grading system. The scale of Stennert is the Specific facial nerve grading system in which we respectively assess the grade of facial dysfunction at rest, in motion and the secondary defect. For the objective evaluation of the oriental medicine treatment for facial palsy, we must use the universal standard scale, i.e. the H-B scale, the Yanagihara scale.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.87-98
• /
• 2000

This study is designed to evaluate the clinical implications of Gd-DPTA (Gadolinium-diethyl enetriamine pentacetic acid) enhanced MRI(Magnetic resonance imaging) in Bell's palsy and find it's usefulness in Oriental Medicine In this study, 25 outparients with Bell's palsy were studied that MRI was performed. To evaluate degree of facial palsy, H-B(House-Brackmann) Grade was used. In Oriental Medical therapy, Acupuncture and Herbal medicine were treated. Subjective cause was divided into exposure to chill, fatigue, stress, mixed cases. Enhanced site was compared with symptoms which were disorder of eye, hearing, taste, and facial muscle palsy. Also, Relation between time which was performed MRI and enhancement was analyzed. The enhanced lesion in MRI was divided into five segments; Internal audiitory canal, Labyrinthine segment, Geniculate ganglion, Tympanic segment, Mastoid segment. In Bell's palsy, 20 of 25 patients(80%) had abnormal contrast enhancement of the facial nerve. The H-B grade and interval performed MRI from onset were directly proportionate to enhancement. That is to say, Severe facial palsy short interval show high possibility of enhancement. There was no relation between subjective causes and enhanced site of facial nerve in MRI. Also Clinical symptoms didn't coincide with MRI findings.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.231-239
• /
• 2007

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the relation between the matrix metalloprotease-1 gene polymorphism and facial nerve palsy in Korean population. Methods : This study was carried out on 102 facial nerve palsy patients who were treated with oriental medicine therapy at the department of acupuncture & moxibustion, hospital of Oriental medical college, Daegu Hanny University and 104 healthy control subjects. Blood samples from all subjects were obtained for DNA extraction. We have investigated the genotyping of matrix metalloprotease-1 by using Pyrosequencing. Results : The genotypes of matrix metalloprotease-l gene were G/G homozygotes, A/G heterozygotes and A/A homozygotes. There was no significant difference between the control and facial nerve palsy groups. Conclusion: We concluded that there was no significant association between matrix metalloprotease-1 gene polymorphism and facial nerve palsy in Korean population. However, the findings of this study need to be confirmed in more patients and further studies.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.118-126
• /
• 2002

Objective : The aim of this study was to assess the improvement of Bell's Palsy by Yanagihara's System. Methods : Early admission care, western medicine, acupuncture and electrical stimulation was applied to the 22 patients who dignosisd as Bell's palsy. The effects of these treatment was evaluated by Yanagihara's unweighted grading system. Results : After 25 day treatment the mean values of the Yanagihara's score($26.90{\pm}9.53$) showed stastically significant improvement in comparison with pre-treatment($8.68{\pm}5.13$). Conclusion : These results provided that the early admission care, western medicine, acupuncture and electrical stimulation is a valuable treatment for Bell's palsy. Further case control study is need to confirm the effect of above treatment on Bell's palsy.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.157-171
• /
• 2009

Objective : The face is very important for human communication. So facial palsy patients experience not only physical disturbances but also serious emotional stress. Therefore the focus of treatment must be to not only aid the recovery of objective symptoms but also the improvement of subjective quality of life. However there has not been enough Oriental Medical study in this field until now. Thus this study was begun to suggest a useful index for the treatment of facial palsy. Methods : Grade of paralysis, sequelas, and quality of life were used for evaluation. To evaluate Grade of paralysis, House-Brackman Grade was used as the Gross scale and Kim's Grade was used as the Regional scale. Sequelas were evaluated by muscle contraction, synkinesis, NA, and grade of philtrum tilt. Quality of life was evaluated by SF-36v2, Facial Disability Index, and Vas. Results & Conclusion : 1. The change of grade of paralysis between the early and the present time reveals remarkable improvement statistically. 2. There was a remarkable improvement in all parts of quality of life except several areas of SF-36(RP, RE, MH, VT) 3. In only PF(Physical Function) of FDI, quality of life increased remarkably according to the improvement of grade of paralysis. 4. There is the positive relationship among Kim's grade, HB grade and Synkinesis 2. 5. Synkinesis among sequelas has the greatest effect on quality of life. And muscle contraction, change of NA, and grade of philtrum tilt also affect quality to some extent. 6. There was no remarkable relationship between the period of illness and change of quality of life. 7. Change of NA is shown after 3 months of illness and synkinesis becomes worse after 6 months of illness.