• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.489-498
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• 2019

This study aims to develop and apply questionnaire to identify pre-service science teachers' level of norms of science based on CUDOs, a scientific norm presented by R. Merton. In addition, we compared the pre-service science teachers' perception of scientific norm by major, grade, and gender, and analyzed the types of scientific norms through cluster analysis. For the study, 260 pre-service science teachers from two universities were involved. First, based on the CUDOs of R. Merton, 32 questionnaire items from six domains (pursuit of personal interests through scientific research, the pursuit of national interests through scientific research, pursuit of universal welfare through scientific research, non-communalism, non-universalism, and anti-organized skepticism) were developed. The study found that the statistical validity and reliability of the questionnaire items were acceptable. There were no significant differences in the scores of pre-service science teachers' anti-scientific norm by gender, major, and academic year. We conducted a cluster analysis and identified three types of scientific norms (traditional scientific norm, modern pragmatism, and utilitarian views).

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.167-178
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to identify the effects of a health diary program on fall related outcomes the low-income elderly women. Methods: The study was carried out with a nonequivalent control group with pretest-posttest design. The study was composed of two groups, each made up of 24 subjects: experimental group and control group. The subjects were low-income women aged over 65 years with osteoarthritis and both the experimental and control groups were made up of subjects with the same age profiles. The independent variable was the health diary program, and the dependent variables were fall related outcomes (fear of falling, fall-efficacy, knowledge of fall) difficulty of performing activity, and mood state. The health diary program was performed for 50 minutes each session and twice a week for 8 weeks. Data were collected before the health diary program 10 weeks after the beginning of the program. Results: The experimental group showed significant differences in knowledge of fall, fear of falling, and mood state compared to the control group. However there was no significant differences in difficulty of performing activity and fall efficacy. Conclusion: The results of this study may be used as part of an education to prevent falls for low-income elderly women with osteoarthritis.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-64
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• 1997

지난 20여년간의 비약적 경제 성장을 통하여 우리 사회는 모든 물리적 측면에서 양적인 성장과 질적인 발전을 거듭하여 왔다. 이러한 경제 성장기를 거치면서 우리의 삶은 다각도에서 변화를 겪었으며 건축환경에도 많은 변화가 있었다. 정보화, 세계화라는 시대적 흐름은 우리의 생활자체를 급속도로 변화시키고 있으며 업무용 시설을 포함한 모든 건축물이 대형화, 고층화 뿐 아니라 정보화, 현대화되고 있다. 그러나, 교육의 중요성과 이를 뒷받침해 줄 학교 시설의 중요성에도 불구하고 교육환경의 질적 개선은 상대적으로 낙후되어 있는 상황이라고 할 수 있다. 교육개혁위원회의 교육개혁방안이 계속적으로 나오고 있고 서울의 불암초등학교를 필두로 한 시설 현대화 시범학교가 시도별로 마련되고는 있지만 전반적인 교육 환경은 아직 열악한 상태이다. 특히 구도심부에 위치한 초등학교의 경우, 준공된 후 30년 이상 경과된 학교 건물을 사용하고 있는 경우가 적지 않아 안전상의 문제마저 안고 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 건물의 내구 연한이 그 한계에 달해 가고 유지보수비용이 계속적으로 늘어 경제성을 잃어 가고 있는 학교들을 대상으로 한 재건축과제가 신설 학교의 신축 또는 기존학교의 이전 못지 않은 주요 과제로 대두되고 있다. 더욱이 기존 학교의 재건축사업은 수업을 진행시켜가며 철거 및 신축공사가 단계적으로 수행돼야 한다는 어려움을 갖고 있다. 본 연구는 초등학교의 재건축을 위한 기본적인 자료를 정리하고 배치 및 평면 계획을 중심으로 한 계획 대안을 작성, 검토하여 대안별 장단점을 분석한 후 가장 바람직하다고 평가되는 안을 제시하는 것을 연구의 범위로 하였다. 계획안의 작성에 앞서 실시된 문헌조사 및 실측조사를 통하여, 신축되는 홍파초등학교에 필요한 시설의 내용 및 규모가 산정되었는데 특기할 사항은 좁은 대지임에도 불구하고 가능한 체육관 시설을 포함시키고자 하였다는 것이다. 홍파초등학교 부지는 $8,960m^2$ 정도밖에 안되는 좁은 부지로서 운동장도 제대로 확보할 수 없는 상황이었으나 체육관의 높은 활용도 및 장래의 필요성을 고려하여 소규모라도 계획되는 것이 바람직하다고 판단하였다. 열린교육에의 대응, 제반 특별교실의 확충, 식당 및 지하주차장의 확보 등 모든 시설이 현재 및 장차의 사용에 적합하도록 계획하여 현 시설의 1.5배 정도의 연면적을 갖는 신축 계획안을 작성하였다. 서울대학교와 광운대학교에서 분담하여 실시된 계획안의 작성을 통하여 총 4개의 계획안이 도출되었으며 이 대안들을 채광 및 환기, 학년별 zoning, 기능별 zoning, 열린교실의 정도, 지역사회에의 개방성, 재건축 공사의 용이성, 규모, 옥외공간의 활용성, 동선 계획, 조형성 등 10개 항목을 기준으로 평가하였다. 이러한 비교분석을 통하여 결론적으로 제1안을 최적안으로 제시하게 되었으며, 이를 바탕으로 구체적인 최종 설계안이 도출되기를 기대하는 바이다.

• School Mathematics
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.497-511
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• 2009

This study compared two problem solving instructional approaches, schema based sequence instruction and schema based parallel instruction on word problem solving performance of elementary school students who were in general students group. The subjects totaled 48 third grade students who were exposed to a test that consisted of 9 word problem items of three types for 4 sessions. First of all, the baseline of word problem performance level was measured without any training. During session 1, 2 and 3 participants were put into strategic training groups. The experiment was designed by two between factor(two intervention group and two within factors(two problem types, three sessions). The results of experiment were as follows. Schema based sequence instruction group performed significantly better than students in another group on word problem solving performance. The effect of strategic schema based Instruction revealed that solving word problems relied upon problem types, sessions and input orders which were of great value.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.369-378
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• 2020

This paper examines inquiries generated in three different online educational programs in Korea at the secondary educational level. Data covers 12,023 inquiries recorded during the first semester of 2019 and the compared groups among three programs are divided by four criteria: its type, period, inquirer, and the way of response. Statistical comparisons using Chi-square test suggest that there are significant differences in frequency rates of inquiries among three programs. First, 'Program A' has more inquiries by student themselves, mostly in the middle of the semester about the contents. Second, inquiries are more frequent for 'Program B' by the coordinating teachers about system-related or evaluation-related questions, either at the beginning or the end of the semester. Third, in the case of 'Program C', parents of health-impaired students are the main inquirers who ask admin-related questions at the beginning of the semester. With respect to the way of response to inquiries, more than 95% of inquiries are answered immediately for all three programs. These quantitative findings are also supported qualitatively, by face-to-face interviews with operators of the three programs. Results of this paper can be used for educational practitioners and experts when they design and operate the customized online educational programs with different purposes and different target-students in the future.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.287-307
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• 2016

In this study, mathematics exams for university entrance in the USA, the UK, Australia, Singapore, and Japan are investigated. We look into SAT, ACT and AP-course in the USA, GCE A-level test in the UK and Singapore, VCE in Australia, and UECE (University Entrance Center Exam) and individual university's admission tests in Japan. Those exams are analyzed in terms of exam system, mathematical contents, types of items, and testing time. Based on the result five issues on university entrance exam system in Korea are drawn out: types of tests, mathematical contents, item types, sub-items, and opening tests results to the public.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.299-306
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• 2006

The Ministry of Education and Human Resources Department of Korea have formulated various policy for development of teacher's ICT competence. But most of efforts expended upon ICT utilization currently, emphasize the ability which can handle computer skillfully than the ability for practical use in instruction, so that cannot induce distinct competence according to the duties and operations of teachers. This study aims to make scales for teacher's ability of ICT utilization in education of Korea. For the original purpose of evaluation, this tool made by job analysis and comparative studies with the existing appraisal standards. It can be the standards for evaluation of teacher's wholly duties on ICT applied education and proper self-evaluation tool for improvement of teacher's ability on ICT utilizing instruction. I processed measurement value of participant of Gwangju and Jeollanamdo area in this system and analyzed the level of teacher's abilities using ICT, a sex gap, regional difference, duty position difference and education career difference etc.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.324-335
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of dietary self-efficacy and illness beliefs, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers for the reduction of sodium intake in the elderly. A cross-sectional study was performed on 252 elderly people, aged 65 yrs and above, living in Daejeon Metropolitan city and Jecheon city, Chungbuk from March 21 to March 30, 2011. Dietary self-efficacy of three factors (resisting relapse, reducing salt and behavioral skills), perceived benefits and barriers, accurate and inaccurate illness beliefs were measured by 5 or 4 point Likert scale. With the increasing education level of the elderly, dietary self-efficacy, and accurate illness belief score increased and perceived barrier score decreased. Perceived benefits score was higher in the subject living alone compared to those living with siblings or spouses. Among three factors of dietary self-efficacy, reducing salt was scored highest and behavioral skills scored lowest in the elderly. Recording meal diary and reading labels for salt content in the items of behavioral skills showed lower score than other items. Accurate illness beliefs and perceived benefits were more scored than inaccurate illness beliefs and perceived barriers respectively in the subjects. The subjects with higher accurate illness beliefs, lower inaccurate illness beliefs, higher perceived benefits, and lower perceived barriers for the reduction of sodium intake showed higher dietary self-efficacy. In summary, accurate illness beliefs and perceived benefits positively correlated with dietary self-efficacy for the reduction of sodium intake in the elderly, whereas inaccurate illness beliefs and perceived barriers are negatively correlated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.53-58
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• 2003

최근 경제 사회의 급속한 발전에 따라 개인의 활동분야가 다양해지고 개인비밀보호 인식이 커지면서 응답자들이 통계조사에 잘 협조하지 않는 경우가 늘어나고 있다. 따라서 대부분의 통계를 현장조사에 의존하여 생산하고 있는 통계청에서는 현장조사 결과물의 품질상태에 좀 더 관심을 가져야만 하게 되었다. 이러한 현장조사에 대한 풀질관리의 일환으로 현재 통계청에서는 통계별 조사대상으로부터 품질관리표본(Quality Control Sample)을 추출하고 이를 대상으로 리인터뷰를 실시함으로써 응답오차측정, 조사현장의 실터파악, 응답자 의견수렴 등에 활용하고 있다. 리인터뷰는 조사직원의 고의적인 자료조작 또는 보충교육 필요성 등 현장조사업무를 평가하거나 응답분산(simple response variation), 응답편의(response bias) 등을 산출하고, 이를 분석하는 모델을 이용하여 응답결과의 신뢰도를 분석하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 본 연구에서는 품질관리표본(QC Sample) 설계 및 추출, 리인터뷰 시나리오개발, CATI(Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing)를 이용한 리인터뷰 기법 등을 통계청 사업체조사 모니터링 사례를 중심으로 설명하고 조사직원 특성별 응답오차 측정 및 비교, 정확성 항목에 대한 차이분석 등 격과에 대하여 논하고자 한다.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.111-123
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of the present study is to examine the effects of the Field Management Training Program for home care services personnel on their understanding and professional competences. Methods: The subjects were 373 team managers of public home care services who participated in the training program. Data was collected with a self-administered questionnaire in April and September, 2007. The subjects' level of understanding of home care was measured by 35 questions divided into 8 categories while their professional competence was measured by 15 questions divided into 5 categories. Result: After attending the training, the subjects' understanding improved from 20.90 points (possible range: 4~32) to 26.11 points. The most improvement was evident in the Planning and Public Health Education categories. Their professional competences improved from 10.81 points (possible range: 4~16) to 12.51 points. The improvement of their understanding and professional competences differed across to training places. It was also evident that an increase in understanding brought about an increase in professional competence. Conclusion: The Field Management Training Program needs to be continued with efforts to reduce the differences of training effects between training places. And additional recommendations should be made through further evaluation of subsequent training programs.