• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.99-107
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effects of oriental medical treatments and Chuna treatment on patients with pain and limited range of motion(LOM) about shoulder subsequent to scapular fracture. Methods : Two patients suffered from pain and LOM about shoulder after scapular fracture, one is scapular body fracture with multiple rib fractures, the other is only intraglenoid fracture were treated with Chuna therapy, acupuncture, herbal medicine, physical therapy and measured by VNRS(Verbal numerical rating scale) and ROM (Range of motion). Results : After oriental medical treatments and Chuna treatment, we found out a recovery from two patients suffered from pain and LOM about shoulder subsequent to scapular fracture. Conclusions : Through this study, we suggest that oriental medical treatments and Chuna treatment were effective to cure patients with pain and LOM subsequent to scapular fracture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of cross-body stretching (CBS) and modified cross-body stretching (MCBS) on the range of motion (ROM) of glenohumeral joint (GHJ) in healthy subjects. METHODS: Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: CBS group without stabilization of scapula (n=15) and MCBS group with stabilization of scapula (n=15). We measured horizontal adduction and internal rotation ROM of GHJ in pre- and post-intervention. The data were analyzed using the analyses of covariate (ANCOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) post hoc tests (p=.05). RESULTS: In the post-intervention, the MCBS group had a significantly greater increase in horizontal adduction ROM (mean ${\pm}$ SD, $11.46^{\circ}{\pm}0.83^{\circ}$) compared to the CBS group ($7.81^{\circ}{\pm}0.83^{\circ}$) (p=.007) and a greater increase in internal rotation ROM ($62.27^{\circ}{\pm}0.74^{\circ}$) compared to the CBS group ($59.20^{\circ}{\pm}0.74^{\circ}$) (p=.004). CONCLUSION: A single session application of an MCBS provides immediate more improvements in both horizontal adduction and internal rotation ROM than CBS. These results suggest that application of MCBS with stabilization of scapula may be a more useful to gain ROM of GHJ than CBS without stabilization of scapula.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.33-42
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• 2017

PURPOSE: This study aims to identify the immediate effects of thoracic mobilization according to segment on disabling low-back pain and the range of motion in patients with chronic low-back pain. METHODS: The participants were divided randomly into two groups: a group (N=12) with pain and disability between the 5th and 9th thoracic vertebrae (T5-T9) and a group (N=12) with pain and disability between the 10th and 12th thoracic vertebrae (T10-T12). The same experiment was conducted in both groups: 10 minutes of thoracic mobilization and 10 minutes of functional massage. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and range of motion measurements were applied to the participants in both groups. All participants were measured again immediately after the program was completed. RESULTS: In both groups, the VAS and range of motion measurements showed statistically significant improvement after the experiment (p<.05). No statistically significant difference was revealed between the two groups (p>.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study confirmed positive and immediate effects of thoracic mobilization of patients with chronic low-back pain. But, no significant difference in the thoracic mobilization by segment between the two groups. Based on these results, thoracic mobilization could help to improve pain control and functional activity in patients with chronic low-back pain.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of the peak plantar pressure distribution under the foot areas and the range of motion (ROM) of ankle joint according to gradients in treadmill gait. Method : Thirty normal subjects (15 male and 15 female) walked on treadmill at three gradient conditions ($0^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, and $15^{\circ}$) in normal speed. The ankle ROM was measured using the CMS70P that is three dimensional analyzer for excursion of ankle ROM, plantar flexion, and dorsi flexion. The peak plantar pressure distribution under the hallux, 1st metatarsal head (MTH) and heel was measured using the F -Scan system with an in-shoe sensor. Data was collected from 9 steps of left sife foot in at each gradient condition while all subjects walked. Result : As the treadmill gradient increased, the excursion of ankle joint was significantly increased (p<.05). Also, plantar flexion and dorsi flexion was significantly increased according to treadmill gradients (p<.05). The peak plantar pressure under the 1st MTH was significantly increased (p<.05) and the peak plantar pressure under the heel was significantly decreased (p<.05) as the treadmill gradient increased. No significant different in the peak plantar pressure under the hallux was observed. Conclusion : This study suggests that physical therapy for patients who have limited ankle ROM should be considered sufficient range of motion for functional ambulation. And individuals that have painful forefoot syndromes, including metatarsalgia, hallux valgus, and plantar ulceration should be careful in walking to uphill, as there is high plantar pressure under the forefoot.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to measure intra-rater and inter-rater reliability and range of motion for measurement of passive shoulder internal rotation range of motion and to compare anterior glide distance of humeral head in three methods. Fifty healthy subjects and fifty patients with shoulder musculoskeletal pain were recruited for this study. The subjects' passive shoulder internal rotation range of motion was measured by visual estimation, manual stabilization, and pressure biofeedback unit methods. In two trials, measurements were performed on each subject by two examiners. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC(3,1)) was used to determine the reliability of each measurement. The intra-rater reliability of the three methods was excellent (ICC=.77~.93) in both groups. The inter-rater reliability of the visual estimation method was poor (ICC=.20, .29), the manual scapular stabilization method was poor and fair (ICC=.09, .50), and the pressure biofeedback unit method was excellent (ICC .86, .75) in the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, the difference of examined range of motion by each examiner was significant in the visual estimation method and manual scapular stabilization method, but there was an insignificant difference between the groups is the pressure biofeedback unit method. This result suggests that the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of a pressure biofeedback unit was better than the other methods. The difference in distance of the anterior glide of humeral head was insignificant among all the methods. The pressure biofeedback unit method was the most reliable method, so it is proposed to be a new and reliable method to measure internal rotation range of motion.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2017

Background: Patients after rotator cuff (RC) surgery experienced pain, weakness and limited of motion of the shoulder. Physical therapists have used heat therapy, electrotherapy, range of motion (ROM) exercise and other methods to treat patients after RC surgery. In addition, functional taping is also used to support joint movement and to increase shoulder joint stability. Objects: The purpose of this study was to determine the initial effects of functional taping using non-elastic tape on pain, strength and ROM of the shoulder following RC surgery. Methods: Forty-eight patients with who underwent RC surgery volunteered for this study. The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG, $n_1=25$) and a control group (CG, $n_2=23$). First, non-allergic tape was applied to the shoulder to prevent skin irritation. The EG applied functional taping using non-elastic tape and the CG applied sham taping using elastic tape. Assessment tools included the shoulder pain and disability index for functional activity score, visual analog scale for level of pain, shoulder muscle strength, hand grip strength and ROM testing. Results: Pain score in the both group significantly decreased (p<.05), and change in pain score of in the EG increased significantly than in the CG (p<.05). Shoulder strength and ROM in the both group significantly increased (p<.05). Especially external rotation and extension of the shoulder ROM in the EG increased significantly more than in the CG (p<.05), but the rate of change in the two groups showed no significant difference. Conclusion: These results suggest that functional taping using non-elastic tape was initially effective in decreasing pain score level in patients with RC surgery.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2018

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercise on the range of motion (ROM), pain, and functional activity of patients who received total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data regarding the use of PNF exercise among patients with musculoskeletal disease. Methods: Fourteen patients who received TKA were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=7) that took part in PNF exercise and a control group (n=7) that performed general rehabilitation exercise. Both groups performed the respective exercises for 30 minutes, five times a week for 2 weeks. For the measurement of ROM, the range of knee flexion was measured using a clinometer smartphone application. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for the measurement of the level of pain. The timed up and go test (TUG) was conducted to measure functional activity. A paired t-test was performed to compare within-group changes before and after the PNF exercise. Differences between the experimental group and control group were analyzed by an independent t-test. For all tests, the level of statistical significance was set at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: After the exercise, there was a significant within-group change in VAS and TUG scores in the experimental group and control group (p<0.01). There was also a significant between-group difference in VAS and TUG scores after the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusion: General rehabilitation exercise is commonly applied as a treatment for TKA patients and is relatively effective. The application of PNF exercise may be useful in such patients, considering its effects on ROM improvement, pain reduction, and functional enhancement.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to prove the increasing range of motion of joint to the patients of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder applied the gliding-mobilization. Subjects and methods : The subjects are patients of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder who have limited range of motion due to capsular pattern on the shoulder. The subjects are volunteer patients without a history of neuromuscular problems and randomly distributed into two groups. 15 experimental subjects(4 male, 11 female) received therapy with gliding-mobilization applied on limited shoulder joint and a second group with 15 control subjects(6 male 9 female) was treated by physiological passive range of motion therapy. The data were analyzed with paired t-test to determine striking differences depending on the course of treatment. Result : 1) In the group treated by gliding-mobilization the range of motion in shoulder flexion was increased in accordance to the course of treatment, and paired t-test showed striking differences(p<.05). 2) The range of motion in shoulder extension was increased in accordance to the course of treatment, and paired t-test showed striking differences(p<0.05). 3) The range of motion in shoulder abduction was increased with serise of treatment, and paired t-test showed striking differences(p<0.05). Conclusion : The gliding-mobilization increases the range of motion of the patient of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2020

Background: Stretch-oriented home exercise programs are often used as treatments for patients with adhesive capsulitis; however, there is lack of research on home exercise programs to strengthen rotator cuffs. Objects: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of home exercise programs for rotator cuff strengthening on pain, range of motion (ROM), disability level, and quality of life in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Methods: Twenty-two patients with adhesive capsulitis volunteered to participate in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 11) and control group (n = 11). For the experimental group, manual therapy and home exercise programs for rotator cuff strengthening were applied for 6 weeks; for the control group, only manual therapy was applied for 6 weeks. Shoulder pain (quadruple visual analogue scale, QVAS), ROM, disability (shoulder pain and disability index-Korean version, SPADI), and quality of life (world health organization quality of life scale-Korean version, WHOQOL-BREF) were evaluated at baseline, after 3 weeks, and after 6 weeks of intervention. The changes in the measurement variables were analyzed by using repeated measure analysis of variance. Results: Significant differences were observed between the experimental group and control group in the QVAS; SPADI-pain scores; SPADI-disability scores; SPADI-total scores; flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation ROM of the glenohumeral joint; and WHOQOL-BREF total, overall, physical health, and psychological scores. All groups displayed statistically significant improvements as observed in the QVAS, SPADI, flexion, abduction, external and internal rotation ROM of the glenohumeral joint, and WHOQOL-BREF. Conclusion: Home exercise programs for rotator cuff strengthening had a positive impact on shoulder pain, shoulder ROM, disability level, and quality of life in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Therefore, we propose the use of home exercise programs for rotator cuff strengthening in the exercise rehabilitation of patients with adhesive capsulitis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.85-94
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the effects of therapeutic exercise on range of motion (ROM), the manual muscle test (MMT), functional movement screen (FMS) and radiological evaluation in a youth football player with football-specific anterior pelvic tilt (APT). METHODS: The subject of this case report was a 12-year-old youth football player, who presented with football-specific APT. Therapeutic exercise consisted of hamstring stretch, prone hip extension, abdominal crunch, bridging with isometric hip abduction, plank exercise with posterior tilt and posterior pelvic tilting exercise using a swiss-ball for 40 min/day, twice a week for 8-weeks. ROM, MMT, FMS (deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight-leg raise, rotary stability and trunk stability push-up) and radiographs (lumbar lordotic and sacral horizontal angle) were analyzed before and after week 8 of therapeutic exercise. RESULTS: The ROM, MMT, and FMS increased and the lumbar lordotic angle and sacral horizontal angle improved after 8-weeks of therapeutic exercise. CONCLUSION: The results of this case report suggest that therapeutic exercise improves ROM, MMT and radiography associated parameters in youth football players with football-specific APT. These findings have clinical implications for therapeutic exercise in youth football players with football-specific APT.