• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.10-20
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• 1996

관개방제 기술의 변수 및 효력예측을 위한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 프로그램이 유화/산화액적의 부착율, 유충의 추계적 난보운동 및 무작위 농약흡수 이론을 이용하여 개발되었다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 밤나방 유충, Spodaptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae)을 이용한 방제효력 실험결과와 비교하였다. 이론치와 실험치는 서로 일치되었다. 방제율은 농약유효성분량이 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며 크로포(chlorpyrifos) 약제의 표준 권고량인 670g[AI]/ha에서 완전방제가 예상되었다. 유화액적(emulsion)은 상대적으로 직경이 큰 산화액적(dispersion) 보다 작물잎 표면에 부착이 어려워 낮은 방제율을 나타내었다. 액적직경이 방제효력에 미치는 영향은 목화작물에 대하여 낮은 약제량에서 뚜렷하게 나타났고, 그 영향은 약제량이 증가할수록 목화 및 옥수수 모두에서 저하되었다. 엽형계수는 작물의 엽상구조에 따른 액적의 부착 및 계류에 미치는 영향을 의미한다. 고찰된 관계방제기술의 영향요소에 대한 이해는 농약사용의 감소 및 효력의 증가에 중요한 역할을 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.34-39
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• 1999

케미게이션 시스템은 이동식 또는 정치식 관개시설에 방제와 시비 장치를 부가하여 통합 운영함으로써 작업의 생력화, 비용의 절감 및 환경 오염의 방지를 도모하기 위하여 개발된 것으로서, 주로 대단위 농지를 운영하는 미주, 호주, 중동 지역에서 활용되고 있다. 우리나라에서는 최근 과수원을 중심으로 정치식 무인방제기가 개발ㆍ보급되어 관수와 방제 작업에 이용되고 있다. (중략)

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 1982

The distribution of major aquatic weeds in irrigation and drainage canals along Dongjin river and the degree of infestation of aquatic weeds were investigated throughout Korea, and chemical control of aquatic weeds was also studied. The major aquatic weed species in irrigation and drainage canals along Dongjin river were Leersia japonica, Ceratophyllum demersum, Zijania latifolia, Nuphar japonicum, Phragmites communis, Vallisneria asiatica, Trapa natans, Myriophyllum verticillatum, and Potamogeton crispus. Zijania latifolia, Phragmites communis, and Leersia japonica were troublesome weeds among emerged weeds throughout Korea. Caratophyllum demersum was most serious weed and Myriophyllum verticillatum, Potamogeton crispus, Vallisneria asiatica, and Potamogeton oxyphyllus were also heavily infested among submerged weeds. Leersia japonica was controlled by paraquat at 73.5g/10a glyphosate at 91.5g/10a, and fluridone at 74.7g/10a, Zijania latifolia by paraquat at 220.5g/10a, glyphosate at 366.0g/10a, and fluridone at 74.7g/10a, and Ceratophyllum demersum and Potamogeton crispus by 2,4,5-TP at 540g/10a and fluridone at 1008/10a.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.3-6
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• 2002

최근 시설재배에 대한 인식변화와 국민소득 향상과 함께 식품의 소비 형태도 변화되어 곡류의 소비량은 계속 감소하고 있는 반면, 신선한 과체류의 소비는 크게 증가하는 추세에 있고, 또 화훼류의 소비도 점점 증가하고 있다. 이러한 변화와 더불어 시설도 현대화, 대형화가 이루어지면서 시설내의 보온 및 환기와 관련한 냉ㆍ난방문제, 자동화와 관련한 구조적 문제, 광 투과량, 탄산가스 시비, 방제 등 여러 가지 측면에서 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. (중략)

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.281-285
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• 1998

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of recycled paper mulch on weed occurrence and the growth and yield of rice in dry-seeded paddy field. Mulch papers with basis weight of 105, 110, 115g/$m^2$ were fabricated from recycled corrugate container. It took about 80 days after mulching for the mulch papers to reach 50% decomposition, showing no significant differences among types of mulch paper. Paper mulching was very effective in controlling the paddy weeds at early stage of rice growth, but the efficacy of weeds control decreased a little at late season. However the efficacy was still higher than the plot using herbicide. The paper mulch plot showed rice yield similar to the weed control plot using herbicide. It could be concluded that paper mulch can be used as an alternative for non-herbicidal weed control and ensure as high yield as the conventional weed control method using herbicide in dry-seeded rice field.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.290-295
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the quality of soil, irrigation water, and status of agrochemicals application in relation to good agriculture practices system in the major cultivation area of Disocorea batatas. The concentrations of heavy metals as Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in soils and irrigation waters were lower than those of standard level for Environmental Conservation Act of Soil and Water in Korea. The dominant weed have been appeared Digitaria sanguinalis and Portulaca oleraceamite. The dominant insect pests and plant pathogens have been appeared aphid and anthracnose. Average yearly application of pesticide was 2 to 4 times for herbicide and 4 to 6 times for plant pathogens and insect pests. In order to safety production of medicinal crops could be achieved by proper cultivation management such as minimum application of agro-chemicals, effective use of by-product fertilizer, and technology development of organic farming.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

Many irrigated and drainage canals, reservoirs, lakes, and rivers are choked by the explosive growth of aquatic weeds, resulting in enormous direct loss in Korea. Distribution of aquatic weeds and exotic invasive plant species in irrigation and drainage waterways, and riparian wetlands was reviewed to provide basic information for management of aquatic weeds and invasive plant species in wetlands. Dominant emergent weeds in canals, reservoirs and lakes were Phragmites communis, Leersia japonica, Zizania latifolia, Conyza canadensis, C. annuus, Rumex crispus, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Bidens frondosa, and Oenothera odorata. Dominant emergent weeds in wetlands of rivers include Digitaria sanguinalis, P. communis, R. crispus, Artemisia princeps, Humulus japonicus, Echinochloa crusgalli, B. frondosa, and Persicaria thunbergii. In irrigation and drainage canals and lakes, dominant submersed weeds were Hydrilla verticillata, Najas minor, Potamogeton malaianus, P. crispus, Ceratophyllum demersum, Myriophyllum verticillatum, Salvinia natans, and Trapa natans. Dominant exotic weeds in wetlands include Trifolium repens, O. odorata, C. annuus, B. frondosa, Avena fatua, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, X. strumarium, and P. dichotomiflorum. Approaches to aquatic weed control were mechanical, chemical and biological control techniques. Periodic monitoring of aquatic weeds and exotic weeds, and their integrated management studies are needed in waterways and riparian wetlands in Korea.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 2011

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a very serious disease in rice growing regions of the world. There are no effective ways of protecting rice from the disease. In this study, the bacteriophage (phage) mixtures infecting Xoo were investigated as biological control agent on BLB. The effects of pH, heat and ultraviolet on the stability of phages were investigated to check and increase the possibility of practical use in the field. Phages were rather stable between pH 5 and pH 10. The infectivity dropped sharply when the phages were incubated at $50^{\circ}C$ and more than 90% of the phages were inactivated after two minutes of ultraviolet treatment. The phages were stable for 7 days at the rice plant leaves, and the phages survived 10 times more than other treatments when mixed with skim milk. Although the skim milk increased the stability of the phages, the control efficacy was not effective. However, the phage mixtures reduced the occurrence of BLB when they were treated with Tecloftalam WP or Acibenzolar-S-methyl simultaneously. The results indicated that the Xoo phages could be used as an alternative control method to increase the control efficacy and reduce the use of agrochemicals.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.322-326
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• 2013

This study was tried to control the weedy rice using minimum tillage direct seeding of rice on dry paddy. Minimum tillage direct seeding on dry paddy is tilled with 4 cm in width at 27 cm intervals by 1-shaped rotary blade. Using this cultivation method can control weedy rice effectively by minimizing the soil disturbance. In this study, weedy rice was firstly emerged at April 28 in 2012. After 11 days emergence rate of weedy rice at May 9 was 61.9%. At this time rice was sown and then herbicides was treated at 10 and 15 days after sowing. When herbicides was treated at 10 days after sowing the control effect was 89-96%, and when treated at 15 days the control effect was 97-99%. However emergence of weedy rice differ according to the year and year. It was thought to be affected by April average temperature and total precipitation. So, for effective weedy rice control and stable rice yield, it was considered that irrigation at April 15-20 to induce the emergence of weedy rice is required.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.10
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• pp.51-56
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• 1971

To make certain of the white tip infection on rice, nematodes isolated from the rice seeds grown at Chongdo-goon Isu-myun and Kimje-goon Chooksan-myun were artificially inoculated and their pathway was studied. Also, studies were made for the hot water seed treatment as a measure of white tip control at different levels of water temperature and their germinablity was checked. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Causal nematodes survive in the paddy soil and cause white tip year after year. 2. Causal nematodes can survive in the rice seeds as long as the seeds loose their germinability. 3. Causal nematodes can disseminate throught the irrigation water. 4. Causal nematodes can disseminate through the soil move from a place to other place. 5. Causal nematodes can infect all of the parts of the rice and they can disseminate through any of the parts of rice. 6. The hot water treatment at 5$0^{\circ}C$ for 60 minutes were not effective controlling causal nematodes. But, either treatment of at 55$^{\circ}C$ for 15-20 minutes or at 6$0^{\circ}C$ for 10-15 minutes were effective and germination of seeds was not affected.