• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.137-158
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• 2014

The present study aimed to develop an instrument to assess young children's understanding of science inquiry skills. For the purposes of the study, based on analysis of literature and evaluation tools related to young children's science inquiry skills, five categories of understanding science inquiry skills including observing, classifying, predicting, measuring, and discussing were selected. Then 30 test items were developed and verified three times through opinions from science education and early childhood education professionals and teachers. Finally, a total of 19 test items within five categories were developed. The 19 items' item difficulty, item discrimination, and item internal consistency were verified statistically. In addition, concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the items were verified by the significant correlation coefficients. The instrument developed in this study was administered to 300 children who were 3, 4, and 5 years old. The results showed that 5 year old children had better competence to understand science inquiry skills than 4 and 3 year old children, while there were no differences in the competence between boys and girls.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for the Gifted Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.143-144
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• 2003

6차 교육과정부터는 과학 교육에서 학생들의 학습 목표를 과학 개념에 대한 이해 뿐 아니라 탐구 사고력 및 기능 향상도 중요한 목표로서 취급하고 있다(교육부, 1992). 그런데 학생의 탐구 사고력을 향상시킬 수 있는 과학교육이 제대로 이루어지지 못하고 있는 것이 현재의 실정이다. Schwab(1961)가 탐구 학습의 단계를 분류하면서 지적한 바 있듯이 탐구는 주어진 과제를 해결하는 고정적 탐구보다는 스스로 과제를 설정하고 이를 해결하려 하는 유동적 탐구가 더 바람직한 방향이며, 이러한 유형의 탐구를 통하여 학생들은 창의성의 신장과 함께 과학적탐구가 이루어지는 과정을 더 올바르게 이해할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 탐구의 상황을 학교 실험실만이 아닌 좀 더 생활 주변의 여러 가지 경험과 관련된 쪽으로 안내하는 것도 필요하다. 최근 활발한 컴퓨터의 보급과 인터넷 환경의 확대로 인하여 학생들이 이러한 환경에서 교사와 직접 동일한 시간, 동일한 장소에서 대면하지 않고도 의사소통하고 교수-학습이 이루어질 수 있는 기회가 사회적으로 가능해지고 있다. 이러한 원격교육은 교사의 안내에 따른 탐구 교수 형태의 개념 확인 및 검증 실험이 대부분인 전통적 과학학습 방법과 달리 학생 스스로 문제를 찾고 해결하려고 시도하는 것을 통하여 과학적 탐구 기능의 향상은 물론 과학적 개념의 획득, 과학, 사회, 기술에 대한 폭넓은 인식을 형성하는데 도움이 된다. 또한 인터넷 환경을 이용하면 학교 실험실 상황을 벗어나 학생들에게 다양한 탐구 활동 기회를 제공할 수 있고, 또한 그에 따른 의사 소통이 더 용이해질 수 있다. 이에 따라서 본 연구에서는 탐구 과정기술과 사고력을 중시하는 초등학교 과학과목의 특성을 고려하여 이에 적합한 인터넷 원격교수-학습을 위한 교수-학습 모형과 학생들의 과학적 탐구력과 사고력을 신장시킬 수 있는 멀티미디어 학습자료를 개발하고, 이를 실제적으로 적용할 수 있는 웹사이트를 개발, 현장에 적용하여 원격교수학습이 과학적 탐구력과 사고력에 미치는 효과에 대하여 조사하였다.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.68-69
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 서울시 소재 과학영재교육원에서 운영하는 프로그램에서 개발된 일부 모듈들에 구현되어있는 과학탐구과정 및 사고과정의 특징이 과학영재프로그램의 목적에 따른 목표를 성취할 수 있는지를 평가하고, 과학탐구과정이나 사고과정의 각 항목을 구현한 탐구의 실제를 알기 위한 것이다. 또, 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 모듈들에 대해 반성하고 개선점을 찾으려는 것이다. 연구 참여자들은 13명이며 연구 목적을 위해 첫째, 영재교육과정 및 평가에 관한 문헌을 근거로 과학영재프로그램의 목적과 목표를 설정, 둘째, 목적과 목표를 근거로 문헌에 제시된 분석틀들을 수정 개발, 셋째, 참여자들이 각자 모듈을 1개 선정하여 분석하고 이를 수정한 후 다시 분석하여 해석, 넷째, 분석결과의 해석을 토대로 반성을 하였다. 각 단계마다 각자 해결한 내용을 공개하고 모든 참여자들이 공개된 내용에 대해 비판하면서 합의하는 과정을 거쳤다. 합의 도출에 의해 첫째, 과학영재프로그램의 목적은 '탐구적 사고과정을 함양하고 지역사회에 유익한 새로운 지식을 창출한다.', 이에 대한 목표는 '자기 주도적인 탐구 계획 능력을 향상한다.'와 '숙달된 탐구 기능을 사용하여 실제문제를 해결할 수 있다.'로 설정하였다. 둘째, 분석틀은 '과학탐구과정' 과 '사고과정'의 두 범주로 구성하였으며, '과학탐구과정'에 해당하는 항목은 '사전탐구, 탐구방법, 해석적 탐구기술, 의사소통능력, 탐구평가, 과학의 본성'으로, '사고과정'에 해당하는 항목들은 '논리적 사고, 창의적 사고'로 구성하였다. 셋째, 선정된 모듈들을 분석한 결과 모듈들은 대체로 탐구방법과 해석적 탐구기술을 많이 강조하였는데, 수정된 모듈들에서는 이 두 항목이 더욱 강조되었다. 특히, 해석적 탐구기술에서 의사소통능력, 탐구평가, 과학의 본성, 창의적 사고를 강조하는 탐구의 실제가 증가하였다. 수정후 증가된 항목들은 앞에서 설정한 두 가지 목표에 도달하는데 도움이 되는 항목들이라고 합의 선정되었던 것이므로, 이에 따라 수정 전 모듈보다 수정 후 모듈이 보다 더 영재프로그램의 목표에 도달하기에 적합한 것으로 판단하였다. 넷째, 연구결과를 토대로 반성한 점은 '목표' 에 '창의적 사고'와 '과학의 본성'에 대한 강조가 부족하다는 것, '목표'에서 '실제문제를 해결'할 수 있어야 한다는 것에 비해 '모듈'에서 다루는 주제는 '실제문제'가 아니라 학문적인 질문에 치우쳐 있다는 것, '자기 주도적인 탐구 계획 능력'을 향상시키는 탐구의 실제가 대체로 적게 제시되어 있다는 것이다. 이러한 반성을 영재프로그램의 각 모듈에서 모두 구현할 수 있는 것은 아니지만 본 연구에서 설정한 목적과 목표에 따라 프로그램을 개발하는 경우 이러한 반성점을 고려하여 모듈을 개발한다면 영재프로그램 전체적으로 볼 때는 모두 구현되어 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 서울시에 소재하는 과학영재교육원들에서 개발하여 사용하는 많은 모듈 중 극히 일부를 대상으로 하였으므로 연구 결과를 모든 과학영재프로그램에 적용하기에는 한계가 있다. 그러나 본 연구처럼 프로그램이나 모듈을 평가하려는 연구자들에게 일련의 평가단계에 대한 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.798-812
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate beginning teachers' views of scientific inquiry envisioned in science education reform, which is the main goal of science education at schools. Teachers' views about scientific inquiry influence their students' learning in the classroom, so it is significant to investigate teachers' views about the scientific inquiry. 126 beginning science teachers participated in this study. The survey asking teachers' view of general scientific inquiry, nature of science (NOS) and the relationship of science, technology, and society (STS), was developed and implemented for 30 minutes. Alternative views of scientific inquiry including NOS and STS were emerged through data analysis with open coding system. The reliability and validity of data collection and data analysis were constructed through the discussion with experts in science education. The results of this study were as follows. Participants defined scientific inquiry as opportunities of 'Hands-On' and 'Minds-On' or its combination rather than 'Hearts-On'. However, teachers demonstrated the view of 'Hands-On' for the purpose of scientific inquiry and for teachers' roles in its implementation. The view of 'Hearts-On' about scientific inquiry was not identified. The naive view of NOS were identified more than informative one. More positive attitude about the relationship of STS was released. The implication was made in teacher education, especially structured induction program for beginning teachers.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.137-153
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• 2000

In this study. 'extended science investigation' was conceptualized as a comprehensive science investigation contrasted with exercise of process and skill component and cookbook style experiment. The extended investigations should be pursued for giving opportunity of more authentic science activities in school science. And one of important educational objectives in students' science investigations is to achieve motivation for investigation which drives and triggers further investigations. It can be discerned as positive and negative by its direction and also as internal and external by its cause. The purpose of this study was to describe change of students' motivation for investigation while they were performing the extended science investigations. The subject was 128 7th grader attending coeducational school in Seoul. Questionnaires and students' reports were analysed complementarily to describe students' motivation for investigation. The number of students who showed positive motivation for investigation did not increase in the developed extended investigations than in the directive investigations in textbook, but the cause of positive motivation for investigation has changed largely from task-exclusive factors to task-inclusive factors. In case of negative motivation for investigation, regardless of the kind of investigation task, task-inclusive factors were recognized as the main causes. Among those whose motivation changed during successive extended investigations, the students who showed change from negative to positive were more than the reverse. And the number of positive intrinsic motivation for investigation was increased at the second half of the extended science investigations. So it can be said that there was a desirable change of motivation for investigation at the second half the extended science investigations.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

In this study, a science writing heuristic class with emphasis on social interaction and tool improvement for 10 middle school students at the National University Science-Gifted Education Center in Jeollanamdo was conducted to investigate the perception of STS (science technology society) relationship and students' perception of the effects of class. After science writing heuristic class emphasizing social interaction and tool improvement, the students became aware of the STS relationships as follows: Science-gifted students have come to perceive that experimental tools and technology contribute to the development of scientific theory, that it is difficult to solve all social problems with only science and technology, and that science is a social interaction activity. In addition, science-gifted students responded that they became aware of the relevance of STS through intensive inquiry conducted on the same subject for several hours, communications with colleagues in another group through peer reviews, communication to solve problems with colleagues in the same group, activities to improve tools in the process of inquiry, inquiry using familiar materials and phenomena. In order for students to effectively recognize the relationship of STS in science-gifted class for middle school students, it is necessary to provide experience to solve problems using various experimental tools, experience to have trial and error in the process of solving inquiry problem under the same subject, experience to improve tools in the process of solving inquiry problem, experience to communicate with colleagues who conduct inquiry activities under the same subject, experience to share the results with other groups, and inquiry activities using familiar materials and phenomena.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.277-290
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• 2020

In this study, four gifted students in the second year of middle school at Gifted Education Center of the National University in Jeollanam-do were surveyed students' perceptions of the effectiveness of science class using science writing heuristic in terms of metacognition and the goals of the 2015 revised science curriculum. Through questionnaires and interviews with gifted science students, science gifted students recognized that the science class using science writing heuristic had a positive effect on the four subdomains (planning, monitoring, control, and evaluation) of metacognition. For this reason, the science gifted students presented self-directed experience in designing experiments, continually checking the collected experimental data, feedback process, and reflecting experience in preparing conclusions. Science gifted students recognized that science class using science writing heuristic had a positive effect on the goals of the 2015 revised science curriculum(attitudes, inquiry, knowledge, Science·Technology·Society(STS), and the enjoyment and usefulness of science learning) that correspond to through inquiry science writing lessons. For this reason, the science gifted students presented self-directed inquiry experiences, continual inquiry experiences on the same subject, thinking process at each stage of inquiry, learning experiences through inquiry, experience of the whole inquiry process, and inquiry of phenomena closely related to real life. Therefore, for the effective science class, it is necessary to apply the characteristics of science class using science writing heuristic which is responded by science gifted students to general science class as well as science gifted class later.

• The Science & Technology
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• s.471
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• pp.102-103
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• 2008

• The Science & Technology
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• s.526
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• pp.94-95
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• 2013

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.848-860
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• 2009

This study examined the characteristics of scientists' writing on the laboratory reports written in the authentic open inquiry, and explored the possibility that the class discussion after the inquiries could influence the laboratory report writing. The samples were 131 10th graders in a science high school in Seoul. The control group (n=45) practiced traditional school science inquiries, the experimental group 1 (n=43) practiced the authentic open inquiries, and the experimental group 2 (n=43) practiced the authentic open inquiries and the class discussion after the laboratory activities. Their laboratory reports were analyzed into three parts - prediction (prediction with background and apposite description), data analysis (data transformation and critical analysis), and conclusion (objective description based on evidence). The frequency of the characteristics of scientist's writing in the experimental group was higher than the control group. Particularly, the differences of the prediction with background (p<.01) and the critical analysis of data (p<.05) were statistically significant. However, the frequency of writing the conclusion based on evidence was very low in all of the three groups. The result from comparing descriptions of reports showed that the writing prediction in experimental groups were more elaborate, and the data transformation in experimental groups were more correct, and the evaluation to data in experimental groups were more critical than the control group. And the descriptions of the critical evaluation to data and the finding flaw in methods were found in experimental groups 2, indicating that the class discussion can stimulate students' scientific thinking.