• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02b
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• pp.612-619
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• 2007

컴퓨터의 공손성은 사용자에게 심리적으로 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있는 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구는 사용자와 에이전트의 상호작용에서 에이전트의 언어적 메시지에 사용된 공손전략과 에이전트에 대한 지각된 친밀성이 이 에이전트 평가, 사용자 경험, 메시지의 지각된 공손성에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 실험은 2(지각된 친밀성)${\times}2$ (적극적 공손 전략)${\times}2$ (소극적 공손 전략) 완전요인 설계로 실시되었다. 실험 결과, 사용자들은 에이전트가 적극적, 소극적 체면을 존중해 주는 공손 전략을 사용하였을 경우 에이전트를 보다 긍정적으로 평가하고 상호작용을 긍정적으로 경험하였으며, 메시지가 공손하다고 지각하였다. 또한 이러한 효과는 에이전트에 대한 지각된 친밀성 정도에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 친밀한 에이전트와 상호작용하였을 경우 적극적 체면을 위협하는 메시지의 부정적 효과가 완화되었으며 소극적 체면을 존중하는 간접적인 화법의 메시지보다 직접적으로 요구를 전달하는 소극적 체면을 위협하는 메시지가 긍정적으로 평가되었다. 이 결과는 에이전트 메시지에 공손전략을 부여하는 것이 에이전트에 대한 호의적 평가와 긍정적 사용자 경험을 이끌어낼 수 있음을 보여주는 것과 동시에 사용자와 에이전트의 관계 발달 정도에 따라 에이전트 메시지에 사용된 공손 전략의 설계가 변화해야 한다는 것을 시사한다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.381-388
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• 2020

This paper discusses English Hedges or Hedging Expressions on the basis of their morphosyntactic-pragramatic properties within the perspective of sociolinguistics. The term, 'Hedges' for the past decades since Lakoff(1973), has received little attention from the English grammar circles such as morphosyntax and the generative grammar theories. This paper presents a more comprehensive approach to the identification, distributions, functions, and the morphosyntactic properties of English Hedges. The earlier research on English Hedges in the 70's show that hedges are metalinguistic or mitadiscourse expressions which constitute a means for executing Politeness strategy in pragmatics. Nonetheless, research from the interface of syntactic-pragmatics has been scarce. This article suggests a more complex body of English hedges that have not been extensively discussed in the literature. Additionally, their configurational domain is to be proposed as part of the PolP with [±hedged] above CP⁺ (or CP beyond). The ramifications of the current study are suggested in terms of comparative linguistics, EFL/ESL studies of English for global communication, and pragmatics-sensitive machine translation studies in the forseeable future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.161-163
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• 2010

말하기는 곧 행위라는 주장이 화용론의 핵심명제이다. VTS 대화는 선박들의 효율적이고 안전한 항해를 위해 이루어지는 언어적 상호작용 행위이다. 본 연구에서는 모든 VTS 화행은 항해행위의 수행에 따른 부수적인 요소가 아니라 필수불가결한 요소라는 점에 주목하고자 하였다. 먼저 화용론에서 다루는 대화의 협력원칙, 공손원칙, 명령화행 및 약속화행의 적정성, 최소대화의 원칙을 VTS 대화 상황에 적용하여 VTS 화행의 특성을 정립하고자 하였다. 그리고 실제 발생했던 해양사고에서 선박 간 담화 또는 대화를 분석함으로써 화용론적 실패가 충돌사고에 어떻게 영향을 끼치는지를 검토해보았다. VTS 상황에서 이루어지는 담화 또는 대화분석을 통해 해양사고의 원인을 심도 있게 분석하는 방안과 이의 결과를 항해사 및 관제사 교육에 활용하는 방안을 제시하였다. 덧붙여서 co-Navigation 개념이 항해안전의 새로운 패러다임이 되어야 한다는 것을 주장하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.6527-6533
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• 2015

It is generally accepted that there are differences between men and women in linguistic communication style. Genderlect is a socio-linguistic term to refer to the linguistic differences spoken by specific gender. Some linguistic features are provided as evidence to show the genderlects: pitch, lexicon, intonation, grammar and styles. The purpose of this paper is to compare the characteristics of genderlect in English and Korean. To do so, I analyzed the scripts of an English movie, 'Mrs. Doubtfire' and Korean tv drama, 'Oohlala couple'. In "Mrs. Doubtfire, tension and laughter arose out of discrepancy from the way he looked (as a woman) and the way he spoke (like a man). The same is true with "Oohlala couple." In the language of Mrs. Doubtfire, male speech characteristics with nouns were salient while in "Oohlala couple" with verb forms, especially with honorific style, which shows a difference between Korean and English genderlect. Korean language has special genderlect characteristics with honorific speech style realized in verb endings. In Korean the highest honorific speech style, 'Habsho-che' is used in official situation and men are more accustomed to it than women. When women have to use polite expressions they have to choose between the highest honorific style, 'Habsho-che' losing the female characteristics or the second highest honorific style 'Haeyo-che' keeping the female characteristics.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.27
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• pp.435-470
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• 2012

This paper aims to examine directives and its adjacency pair directives-responses in the Chinese textbook Hanyu Kouyu from the speech act theory, and give some suggestions for Chinese speaking instruction. For analysis of directives, it is important to consider context surrounding it at first. Context includes space for speaking, person who speak with, adjacent speech act, etc., so this paper considers context firstly before explaining directives and discusses how each element of context effects interpretation of its meaning. From the politeness perspective, directives and rejection as one of the responses are easy to be FTAs(face-threatening acts) fundamentally, so they are required to have some strategies for minimizing the threat, and it is found that there are strategies for positive face and negative face in the textbook. In the textbook, it is also examined that directives-responses contribute for interlocutor to accomplish social acts, for example, negotiating, insisting, maintaining, making alternative ideas, etc.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.127-150
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• 2010

This study aims to analyze the gap between university students' cognitions and expectations on users' cognitions about dimensions of library staff service quality and the reason of gap. The results showed that the overal service didn't reach the users' minimum expectation. Among the every item of service quality, the greatest expectation service was the quick delivery of non home library materials and staff's politeness. The most great was in-depth subject services and friendly encounter. The staff service quality gave the library satisfaction; in-depth subject services, exact understanding of user needs and politeness. The great gaps were caused to the lack of willingness to answer question, the lack of communication, and the lack of user care etc.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.310-318
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• 1995

본 논문에서는 한국어의 대표적 일치 현상으로 일컬어지는 존대법을 살펴보고, 영어의 일치 현상과 한국어 존대법 '일치' 현상을 동일한 차원에서 다루는데 대한 문제점을 지적한다. 적어도 최근 생성문법에서 영어나 인구어를 중심으로 도입, 활용되는 Agr과 한국어 존대법은 간과 할 수 없는 중요한 차이점이 있음을 밝힌다. 또한 존대법과 공손법 사이의 연관성을 바탕으로 하여 그 둘을 연결하는 공통의 존대요소를 설정하여 일치현상으로 설명하려 할 경우 모순이 생겨난다는 점과, 이러한 문제는 존대법 자체에도 마찬가지로 적용된다는 점을 지적한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.279-281
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• 2012

Hedge는 불확실한 언어의 기술로서 추측성 글이나, 자신의 생각을 표현하는 글, 또는 공손함을 나타내는 글 등에서 자주 표현되는 어휘를 말한다. 본 논문에서는 한국어 Hedge 인식률을 높이기 위해 기계학습 방법을 사용하여 실험을 하였다.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 2019

Objectives Lee Je-Ma's Sasang-philosophy that was discussed in Donguisusebowon is Maeumron and Qi-philosophy. Sasang-philosophy has a direct origin to Mencius, which discusses the Maeumron of Confucianism. Therefore the relationship between Maeumron of Donguisusebowon and Mencius Chapter 3 will be examined. Methods Materials and references were collected about the literature survey. Lee Je-Ma's books such as Donguisusebowon, Gyeokchigo and a book of Confucianism including the Mencius. Results and Conclusions Hoyeonjiqi in 'Sadanron' of Donguisusebowon encompasses the Qi of metaphysical personality and physiological Qi, and it can be seen that it is the Qi that fuses body and mind together. Benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom are directly linked to the personal mind of Sasangin. Unlike the mencius's four clues of virtue, the Sadan is discussed in terms of the large and small organs in four constitution such sa lungs, spleen, liver, and kidneys. Next, In the relationship between Taesim of 'Whoakchungron' and greed of Mencius, if discuss a relationships between 'I understand language' and Taesim, Deceptive speech connects with the dogmatism of Soeumin, Licentious speech connects with indulgence of Taeumin, Crooked speech connects with laziness of Soyangin and Evasive speech connects with selfishness of Taeyangin. Also in the relationship between taking delight gladness without real cause idleness arrogant and Taesim, taking Delight connects with the dogmatism of Soeumin, Gladness without real cause connects with selfishness of Taeyangin, Idleness connects with laziness of Soyangin, and Arrogant connects with indulgence of Taeumin. The next thing, people of Four types of 'Gwangjeseol' coincide with Mencius. Also Love benevolence and enjoy goodness, Envy benevolence and jealous talent in the 'Gwangjeseol' are able to find the source directly in Mencius.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.373-380
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the importance and performance ranking and differences in inflight meal service quality. Data were collected from A airlines passengers. In order to secure the validity and reliability of the measurement tools, exploratory factor analysis were conducted, accordingly meal, service, cleanliness were deduced. IPA results are as follows. First, the quadrant I consisted of meal flavor, meal quality, meal menu, balanced diet, korean food availability, cleanliness of dishes, cleanliness of crew clothes. In the II quadrant, appropriate temperature, appropriateness of meal distribute time, cleanliness of the meal were found. So, the airline managers should have the most interest in these attributes and had to improve first. The quadrant III showed meal quantity, liquor diversity, polite attitude, immediate response to the meal, knowledge of the meal, meal freshness. Lastly, the quadrant IV showed a variety of beverage and special meal order. It is considered that resource allocation is necessary for minimizing the amount of resources invested to the quadrant IV, and then it should be allocated the quadrant II, which is high in importance but low in performance.