• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.745-750
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• 2016

Morphological characteristics and population characteristics of the Rhynchocypris kumgangensis were investigated at Taehwa River from April 2014 to April 2015. This is the first record on R. kumgangensis not only from Guksu stream (the upstream region of Taehwa River, Ulsan-si Ulchu-gun Beomseo-eup Kuksu-ri) but also from the stream flowing into the Gangneungnamdae stream, in the southern part of East Sea, Korea. The morphometric characteristics of R. kumgangensis in the Taehwa River and the Han River are very similar except that the population at Taehwa River showed shorter caudal peduncle length than caudal peduncle depth when compared with the population at Han River. In terms of meristic character the population at Taehwa River showed fewer numbers of scales at the lateral line, above the lateral line and below the lateral line. Other than that, the two populations showed the same meristic characters. The fish cohabiting with R. kumgangensis mainly composed of Zacco platypus (25.2%), Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (24.1%) and Zacco koreanus (21.8%). Length frequency distribution analysis indicated that the length of the group ranged between 45~65 mm and the average length was 54.3 mm. Calculation of the length-weight relation of R. kumgangensis showed the value of constant a as 0.000002 and b as 3.34, and the Condition factor (K) was 1.10 an on average.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.256-265
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• 2019

We investigated the ecological characteristics of Phoxinus phoxinus in the spring water in Eocheon stream from January to December 2016. The water temperature was $9.7{\sim}14.3^{\circ}C$ and remained below $15^{\circ}C$ throughout the year. The fishes cohabiting with minnow were Rhynchocypris kumgangensis (70.14%), Cottus koreanus (13.63%), Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (3.16%), Oncorhynchus mykiss (0.97%), Zacco koreanus (0.49%), and Iksookimia koreensis (0.24%). The sex ratio of female to male was 1:0.86. The frequency analysis of total length indicated that the fishes with the total length of 30 - 50 mm were one year old, those of 50 - 65 mm were two years old, those of 65 - 75 mm were three years old, and those of 75 mm or more were four years old. The sexually mature fishes were 50 mm or longer for female and 60 mm or longer for male. The spawning season was from April to July, and the water temperature was $12.3-14.3^{\circ}C$ during the period. The prosperous spawning season was from June to July, and the water temperature was $13.8-4.3^{\circ}C$ during the period. The average number of eggs in the ovaries was 508 per matured female, and the matured eggs were yellowish and spherical with a mean diameter of $1.58{\pm}0.13mm$. The length-weight correlation of P. phoxinus was $BW=0.000007TL^{3.09}$ with the constant a as 0.000007 and the parameter b as 3.09. The condition factor (K) was 0.99 (0.76 - 1.32) in average.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.109-125
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• 2023

This study was conducted to select target fish species as baseline research for accumulation analysis of major hazardous chemicals entering the aquatic ecosystem in Korea and to analyze the impact on fish community. The test bed was selected from a sewage treatment plant, which could directly confirm the impact of the inflow of harmful chemicals, and the Geum River estuary where harmful chemicals introduced into the water system were concentrated. A multivariable metric model was developed to select target candidate fish species for hazardous chemical analysis. Details consisted of seven metrics: (1) commercially useful metric, (2) top-carnivorous species metric, (3) pollution fish indicator metric, (4) tolerance fish metric, (5) common abundant metric, (6) sampling availability (collectability) metric, and (7) widely distributed fish metric. Based on seven metric models for candidate fish species, eight species were selected as target candidates. The co-occurring dominant fish with target candidates was tolerant (50%), indicating that the highest abundance of tolerant species could be used as a water pollution indicator. A multi-metric fish-based model analysis for aquatic ecosystem health evaluation showed that the ecosystem health was diagnosed as "bad conditions". Physicochemical water quality variables also influenced fish feeding and tolerance guild in the testbed. Eight water quality parameters appeared high at the T1 site, indicating a large impact of discharging water from the sewage treatment plant. T2 site showed massive algal bloom, with chlorophyll concentration about 15 times higher compared to the reference site.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.419-428
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• 2013

The objectives of this research were to determine ecological characteristics and chemical gradients in two different loach populations-Misgurnus anguillicaudatus ($M_a$) and Koreocobitis rotundicaudata ($K_r$). Eight chemical parameters were compared to test the chemical preferences between the two species. The population of Kr occurred more in better water quality, compared to the $M_a$-population. The $M_a$-population co-occurred more with tolerant species (TS) and omnivores, whereas the $K_r$-population co-occurred more with sensitive species (SS) and insectivores. The differences in the tolerance and trophic composition matched well with the result of stream health assessment, based on the multi-metric model of Index of Biological Integrity (IBI). The IBI value in habitat with the $M_a$-population was "19.6" (range: 8~40) indicating a fair condition, and the IBI values of $K_r$-population was 29.4 (range: 12~40) indicating good condition. Similar results were found in physical habitat health analysis (QHEI). Overall, data analysis showed that the $M_a$-population belong to the tolerant species and $K_r$-population belong to sensitive species in the tolerance classification.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.73-84
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• 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate biodiversity and natural habitat environment of freshwater ecosystem. Our aim was therefore to produce a set of biodiversity and habitat indicators based on multi-parameters of water quality and biodiversity by analyzing the characteristics of the results by indicators. We selected four indicators a) anthropogenic disturbance, b) habitat diversity, c) biodiversity, d) ecosystem structure. The fishes cohabiting with Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis were Rhynchocypris kumgangensis and Zacco koreanus. As a result of the anthropogenic disturbance evaluation, it was analyzed that vegetation embankment showed a more stable environment in the tributary than the main stream, and other disturbance was not confirmed As a result of the habitat diversity evaluation, it was analyzed that habitat evaluation index showed a high score of 200 more on average, showing an optimal habitat condition. As a result of the biodiversity evaluation, it was analyzed as a clean habitat condition with a high proportion of sensitive species, abundant dissolved oxygen, and little pollutants. As a results of the ecosystem structure, the ecological health condition metrics and appearance of endangered species showed large score deviation, but it was analyzed that the stream ecosystem health was generally excellent. There was a slight correlation between the habitat environment and the results of the nature habitat evaluation according to the appearance of the B. lenok tsinlingensis.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.8 s.88
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• pp.1104-1110
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• 2007

The number of investigated fish collected from the Andong and the Imha reservoir were 2,540 individuals 20 species belonging to 7 families, 850 individuals 11 species belonging to 4 families respectively from May 2005 to March 2006. The total number of the common 3 species individuals investigated caught from the Andong reservoir and the Imha reservoir were 486 individuals and 124 individuals respectively. The investigated individuals is similar(${\pm}2.5$ mm) to 171 individuals make a comparative study. The Opsariichthys uncirostris, Culter brevicauda, Hemiculter eigenmanni of length-weight relationship were TW = $0.00007TL^{3.0543}$, TW = $0.0000009TL^{3.3654}$, TW = $0.00000^{3.3872}$ in the Andong reservoir and TW = $0.00002TL^{2.8493}$, TW = $0.00001TL^{2.8744}$, TW = $0.000004TL^{3.1082}$ in the Imha reservoir respectively. The Condition factor(K) of the Andong reservoir showed the positive slopes in all three species and to be in a good nutrition condition; where as the condition factor(K) of the Imha reservoir showed the negative slopes in two species except in H. eigenmanni and appeared to be in a little bad nutrition condition. Relative condition factor(Kn) indicating that O. uncirostris and C. brevicauda in Andong reservoir is more rotund than ones of Imha reservoir but H. eigenmanni in the Imha reservoir is more rotund than the ones of the Andong reservoir.