• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1161-1166
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• 2008

The objective of this research was to investigate the enhancement of heat transfer by mesh in water/air direct contact air conditioning system. Mesh is inserted as a turbulent promoter in front of the water injection nozzle. The heat transfer characteristics with and without mesh and the effect of the number of inserted mesh and mesh porosity size have been studied experimentally. Inserted mesh improves heat transfer efficiency compared to non-inserted mesh system and heat transfer efficiency increased as the number of mesh is increased. Meanwhile, heat transfer efficiency decreased as the porosity of the mesh is increased. With inserted mesh, inlet and outlet temperature difference of air increased more than 50%. Heat exchange time of water/air to reach the 100% humidity decreased less than 30%. This result shows inserted mesh can enhance the performance of the water/air direct contact air conditioning system.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2008

The objective of this research was to investigate the enhancement of heat transfer by mesh in water/air direct contact air conditioning system. Mesh is inserted as a turbulent promoter in front of the water injection nozzle. The heat transfer characteristics with and without mesh and the effect of the number of inserted mesh and mesh porosity size have been studied experimentally. Inserted mesh improves heat transfer efficiency compared to non~inserted mesh system and heat transfer efficiency increased as the number of mesh is increased. Meanwhile, heat transfer efficiency decreased as the porosity of the mesh is increased. With inserted mesh, inlet and outlet temperature difference of air increased more than 50%. Heat exchange time of water/air to reach the 100% humidity decreased less than 30%. This result shows inserted mesh can enhance the performance of the water/air direct contact air conditioning system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.609-615
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• 2015

In this study, the combustion and exhaust emission characteristics in a gasoline direct injection engine with variations of the bio-ethanol-gasoline blending ratio and the excess air factor were investigated. To investigate the effects of the excess air factor and the bio-ethanol blends with gasoline, combustion characteristics such as the in-cylinder combustion pressure, rate of heat release (ROHR), and the fuel consumption rate were analyzed. The reduction of exhaust emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbon (HC), and nitrogen oxides ($NO_x$) were compared with those of gasoline fuel with various excess air factors. The results showed that the peak combustion pressure and ROHR of bio-ethanol blends were slightly higher and were increased as bio-ethanol blending ratio is increased. Brake specific fuel consumption increased for a higher bio-ethanol blending ratio. The exhaust emissions decreased as the bio-ethanol blending ratio increased under all experimental conditions. The exhaust emissions of bio-ethanol fuels were lower than those of gasoline.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.2 s.357
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• pp.96-96
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• 1999

물은 이 세상에서 공기와 더불어 가장 흔한 존재이지만 우리들 인체의 주성분이고 없어서는 안될 존재이다. 물은 가스상태, 액체상태, 그리고 고체상태가 함께 존재하는 희귀한 성질을 가진 물질로 결빙 때는 비체중이 물보다 적어 위에서부터 얼음이 언다. 그래서 강태공도 얼음 위의 낚시를 즐기는 것이 아닌가.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.397-404
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• 2004

냉각탑이란 석유화학플랜트, 철강플랜트 등과 같은 생산 공정이나 냉동기를 비롯한 각종 기계장치에서 발생된 열을 수냉식 열 교환장치에서 물로 직접 냉각시킬 때 공정유체의 열을 전달받아 데워진 물을 대기의 공기와 직접 접촉시켜 물의 증발 잠열을 이용하여 원하는 온도로 냉각시켜 주는 기계장치이다.(중략)

• The tire
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• s.48
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• pp.7-13
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• 1973

자동차 타이어의 최대의 특질은 공기라고 하는 천연의 기체를 충분히 활용하고 있는 점이다. 이 공기를 밖으로 누출함이 없이 수 10톤으로부터 수 100톤에나 달하는 중량물을 지탱하고 또한 시속 수 100km로 주파한다고 하는 마술에 가까운 묘기는 유독 타이어 만으로 이룩하고 있는 것은 아니고 갖가지 관련기술과의 공동의 연구 위에서 성립되어 있는 것이다. 그래서 금번은 타이어의 공기조정자로서 타이어와 함께 걸어온 타이어 발브와 발브코어를 취급해본다. 공기입 타이어의 발명은 상당히 옛날의 일이다. 그때 이미 타이어발브는 하차용으로서 존재하고 있었든 것 같다. 또 일본의 자동차발흥기에는 발브의 전부를 수입에 의존했다고 한다. 이것이 태평양공업주식회사이다. 하나 자동차와 함께 타이어의 진보도 눈부시다. 물론 그 그늘에 발브의 진보가 있었는 것도 간과할 수 없다. 특히 튜우브레스는 ……이다. 또한 타이어의 진보는 금후 더욱 가혹한 요구를 발브에도 요구하고 있는 중이다. -이에도 발브는 발브기술로서 충분히 부응할 용의가 있다고 한다…….

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.201-213
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• 2017

Water is removed from crude oil containing water by using oil separator. This study aims to develop a three-dimensional (3D) Eulerian computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict the separation efficiency of air-water-oil separator. In the incompressible, isothermal and unsteady-state CFD model, air is defined as continuous phase, and water and oil are given as dispersed phase. The momentum equation includes the drag force, lift force and resistance force of porous media. The standard k-${\varepsilon}$ model is used for turbulence flow. The exit pressures of water and oil play an important role in determining the liquid level of the oil separator. The exit pressures were identified to be 6.3 kPa and 5.1 kPa for water and oil, respectively, to keep a liquid level of 25 cm at a normal operating condition. The time evolution of volume fractions of air, water and oil was investigated. The settling velocities of water and oil along the longitudinal separator distance were analyzed, when the oil separator reached a steady-state. The oil separation efficiency obtained from the CFD model was 99.85%, which agreed well with experimental data. The relatively simple CFD model can be used for the modification of oil separator structure and finding optimal operating conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 2022

Recently, due to COV ID-19, many people are spending most of their time indoors. So, there is a rising interest on the indoor air quality in the field of building construction. The main sources for the indoor air pollution are human indoors activity, building materials, living supplies and the polluted air from outdoor. The Korean government has designated 17 indoor air pollutants including fine dust, total airborne bacteria, fungi and carbon dioxide, etc.. Most people are always exposed to assorted bacteria and molds in our daily life, because indoor environment for human, moderate temperature are humidity, it is favourable to the growth of most of bacteria and fungi. Pine needles have an antibacterial effect against bacteria and fungi. In this study, the antibacterial activity against bacteria and fungi was tested by cement matrix using pine needle extract. As a result, the cement matrix using pine needle extract showed antibacterial activities against bacteria, but in the case of fungi, it did not show antifungal activity.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.617-624
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• 2015

The dissolved air flotation (DAF) system is a water treatment process that removes contaminants by attaching micro bubbles to them, causing them to float to the water surface. In the present study, two-phase flow of air-water mixture is simulated to investigate changes in the internal flow analysis of DAF systems caused by using different turbulence models. Internal micro bubble distribution, velocity, and computation time are compared between several turbulence models for a given DAF geometry and condition. As a result, it is observed that the standard ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ model, which has been frequently used in previous research, predicts somewhat different behavior than other turbulence models.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.637-644
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of unburned carbon (UBC) and NOx emissions for pulverized coal when air staging combustion is applied. A two-staged drop tube furnace capable of applying air staging combustion was designed and installed. The combustion of sub-bituminous (Tanito) has been investigated. UBC and the NOx concentration were measured under various temperatures and stoichiometric ratios in unstaged and staged combustion. As a result, UBC decreased and the NOx concentration increased with an increase in stoichiometric ratio and temperature. In particular, the NOx reduction mechanism was activated when the temperature in the fuel rich zone increased. Both UBC and the NOx concentration decreased as the temperature increased in the fuel rich zone. A high NOx reduction effect was obtained, compared to the UBC increase, when the air staging technique was applied.