• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.106-110
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• 1992

외상, 만성간질환, 화상 및 전신성경련등의 원인으로 발생한 횡문근융해증 9예의 $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ 골스캔을 분석하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 동통부위보다 넓은 전신성 병변이 44%에서 확인되었으며 나머지 56%는 국소 동통부위의 근육에만 Bone-seeking agent가 침착되는 것이 확인되있고, 골스캔만으로도 44%에서 신부전증이 동반되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 전신성 병변은 원인과는 관계없이 출현하였고, 신부전증도 원인질환에는 관계없이 발생하였다. 1예에서 실시한 CT는 국소성 병변만을 보여 주었으나골스캔은 전신성 병변을 나타내어 주었다. 따라서 횡문근융해증의 진단에는 골스캔이 중요함을 확인해주었다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.92-95
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• 2009

Rhabdomyolysis is a potentially life-threatening disease which may result from a variety of causes. We describe the features of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and bone scintigraphy, and their importance for diagnosis and treatment of a patient with rhabdomyolysis.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.249-252
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• 2008

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.74-80
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• 2009

Purpose : To evaluate the characteristic MR imaging findings of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in the skull and to compare them with those of plain radiography and computed tomography. Materials and Methods : A total of 10 lesions in 9 patients (Age range; 5-42 years, Mean age; 18, all women) with Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the skull were included in our study. Nine lesions in nine patients were histologically confirmed by surgery or fine needle aspiration biopsy. All patients performed with MRI, and plain radiography and CT scan were done in 7 patients (8 lesions). Two experienced neuroradiologists reviewed the radiological examinations independently with attention to location, size, shape and nature of the lesions in the skull and compared the extent and extension of the lesions to adjacent structures. Results : The lesions were distributed in all of the skulls without predilection site. On MRI, the masses were shown as well-enhancing soft tissue masses (10/10) mainly in diploic spaces (8/10) with extension to scalp (9/10) and dura mater (7/10). Dural enhancement (7/10) and thickening (4/10) were seen. The largest diameter of the soft tissue masses ranged 1.1 cm to 6.8 cm, shaped as round (5/10) or oval (5/10). On CT scans, the lesions were presented as soft tissue masses involving diploic space (6/8) and scalp extension (7/8) were also well visualized. Although bony erosion or destruction was more clearly seen on CT rather than those of MRI, enhancement of soft tissue masses and dura were not well visualized on CT. In contrast, all of the lesions in LCH were seen as punched out (4/8), beveled-edge appearance (4/8) osteolytic masses in plain radiography, but scalp and dural extension could not be seen. Conclusion : Characteristic MR findings in patients with LCH are soft tissue mass in diploic space with extension to dura and scalp, and MRI would be better imaging modality than plain radiography or CT.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.364-368
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• 1999

A rare case of telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the sphenoid bone was reported. The patient was a 27-year-old male and had suffered from left eye protrusion and diplopia for three months. Radiologically, a lobulated osteolytic lesion was located between sphenoid and left temporal bone. Pathologically, the tumor had multiloculated blood filled cystic vascular spaces and osteoid formation by malignant spindle osteoblast cells. The differential diagnosis of this rare entity from aneurysmal bone cyst was important radiologically and pathologically. This case is the second case of telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the sphenoid bone followed by a case of Whitehead RE and Melhem ER in 1998.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.126-130
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• 2008

A six year-old male Maltese dog was presented to the Konkuk University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (KUVTH) with mass in right scapula region. Physical examination, radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), complete blood count (CBC), serum biochemistry, cytological analysis of fine needle aspiration and histopathological examination were performed. There was no remarkable finding in CBC. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was found to be increased in serum chemistry profile. Osteolysis was seen on radiographs of the scapula. MRI revealed mixed signal intensity in scapula. Cytological examination of fine-needle aspirate (FNA) was suggestive of sarcoma. We confirmed that the neoplastic cells were fibrosarcoma by immunohistochemical and Masson's trichrome staining.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.98-102
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• 2012

A 1.5-year-old male Golden Retriever was presented with worsening lameness of two month duration. Abnomral findings of blood works and serum chemistry included anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypercalcemia and hyperglobulinemia. Radiography revealed osteolysis of polyostotic regions including right femur and tibia, bilateral ilium, and spinous processes from the 13th thoracic vertebra to 5th lumbar vertebra. Enlarged multiple lymph nodes and mixed echo pattern of muscular region ventral to vertebra were observed with ultrasonography. Because concentrations of both parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone related peptide were all within reference ranges, humoral hypercalcemia by tumor was ruled out and extensive osteolysis was considered as the cause of hypercalcemia. Based on radiographic and ultrasonographic study, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and osteomyelitis were included in differential diagnosis. Fungal serologic test was negative. Monoclonal gammopathy was not found on serum protein electrophoresis. Cytological and histopathological examinations of the lytic lesions revealed neoplastic lymphoid proliferation, and B cell type clonal expansion was detected by polymerase chain reaction for the antigen receptor gene rearrangement. The case was diagnosed as B cell lymphoma involving polyostotic regions.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.8-18
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to find and categorize the various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of spinal metastases that correlate with the type of primary cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance images of 30 patients with 169 spinal metastatic lesions from lung cancer (n = 56), breast cancer (n = 29), colorectal cancer (n = 20), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (n = 17), and stomach cancer (n = 47). The size, location, extent of invasion, signal intensity, margin, enhancement pattern, and osteoblastic or osteolytic characteristics of each metastatic tumor were analyzed. Results: The metastatic lesions from HCC were larger than those from the other primary tumors (P < 0.05) except for colorectal cancer (P = 0.268). Well-defined metastatic tumor margins were more frequently seen in lung cancer and breast cancer (P < 0.01). All but HCC showed a tendency to invade the vertebral body rather than the posterior elements (P < 0.02). Colorectal cancer and HCC showed a tendency toward extraosseous invasion without statistical significance. HCC showed a characteristic enhancement pattern of 'worms-in-a-bag'. Rim enhancement with a sclerotic center was only seen in spinal metastases from stomach cancer. Conclusion: Despite many overlapping imaging features, spinal metastases of various primary tumors display some characteristic MRI findings that can help identify the primary cancer.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.449-451
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• 2011

An 1.28 kg, male, thirteen years of age, red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) was presented with one month history of anorexia, decreased mobility, and swelling and erythema of forelimbs. Hyperuricemia and tophaceous gout such as osteolysis at the digit, carpal and metacarpal bones with radiopaque densities around the lesion were detected. Allopurinol (20 mg/kg, PO, once a day) and u/d (Hill's diet) were selected for treatment and other antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs were not administered. One month after initial presentation, clinical signs and radiographic findings were improved. According to the medical response, the turtle was presumptively diagnosed as articular gout and allopurinol revealed effective response to the articular gout in turtles.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.111-121
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• 2009

Background: Osteosarcoma is one of the most common primary malignant tumors of bone occurring mainly in children and adolescents. Although surgery combined with chemotherapy has markedly improved patient survival during the last years, the use of anticancer drugs is still associated with serious problem, such as the frequent acquisition of drug-resistant phenotypes and occurrence of "secondary malignancies". Several solid tumors display enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and recently clinical trials have been initiated on MMP-inhibitors. On the other hand, bisphosphonates (BPs) are inhibitors of bone resorption, and widely used to treat osteoclast-mediated bone diseases. Also they appear to possess direct antitumor activity. Methods: One osteosarcoma cell line (U2OS) was treated with ibandronate (0, 0.1, 1, $10{\mu}M$) for 48 hours. Cell viabilities were determined using MTT assay, the mRNA levels of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP were detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, the amount of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP protein were measured by Westernblot, the activities of MMP-2 were observed by Gelatin zymography, and Matrigel invasion assays were used to investigate the invasive potential of osteosarcoma cell lines before and after ibandronate treatment. Results: The invasiveness of U2OS cell line was reduced dose-dependently following 48 hour treatment of up to $10{\mu}M$ of the ibandronate at which concentration no cytotoxicity occurred. Furthermore, the gelatinolytic activities and protein and mRNA levels of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP were also suppressed by increasing ibandronate concentrations. Conclusion: Given that MMP-2 is instrumental in tumor cell invasion, it is very likely that the reduction in osteosarcoma cell invasion by ibandronate is a consequence, at least in part, of suppressed expression of both MMP-2 and MT1-MMP. Isolation of a molecule (s) responsible for the bisphosphonate inhibition of tumor cell invasion would pave the way for the development of a new generation of metastasis inhibitors.