• Title/Summary/Keyword: 고르기아스

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Eine rhetorische Analyse der gorgianischen Rede Enkomium der Helene (고르기아스의 연설문 (헬레네 예찬)의 수사적 분석)

  • Yang Taezong
    • Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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    • v.8
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    • pp.199-221
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    • 2003
  • In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, ob die rhetorischen Regeln zur Textproduktion auch auf die Textanalyse einer Rede anwendbar sind, und zwar einer vor der Systematisierung der Rhetorik verfassten Rede, $n\"{a}mlich$ dem Enkomium der Helene von Gorgias. Die Untersuchung ihrer $Anwendungsm\"{o}glichkeit$ als Ana1ysekategorien liegt der Vermutung nahe, dass das Enkomiurn auch rhetorische Elemente $enth\"{a}lt$, weil eine Theorie wie die Rhetorik erst durch die Beobachtung der musterhaften Reden, die Entdeckung ihrer $Regelm\"{a}{\ss}igkeiten$ und deren Synthetisierung entstanden ist Deswegen ist die Untersuchung norma1erweise mit der Festste1lung der im Text angewandten rhetorischen Regeln identisch. Dieses Verfahren aber $\"{u}berzeugt$ uns, dass dem Gorgias das Gliederungsschema der DISPOSITIO, die Sonderform der Einleitung INSINUATIO, die Prinzipien der Kurze und $Glaubw\"{u}rdigkeit$ in der $Erz\"{a}hlung$ sowie der Zusammenfassung im Schluss, das dem Enthymem $\"{a}hnliche$ logische Mittel LOGISMOS, die Stasis der $Qualit\"{a}t$, die Topoi der Stammung und Gerechtigkeit, die sog. gorgianischen Figuren usw. nicht fremd sind. Wegen des Streites um die $Zusammengeh\"{o}rigkeit$ dieser Rede zur epideiktischen wird hier auch untersucht, ob das Enkomium die von den Theoretikern wie Aristoteles und Cicero aufgestellten Bedingungen der epideiktischen Rede $erf\"{u}llt$. Nur 'die Apologie' nach der $Formalit\"{a}t$ im Beweis ausgeschlossen, die aber zur Beseitigung des am Gegenstand des Lobes $angeh\"{a}ngten$ Tadelhaften erforderlich ist, entspricht das Enkomium dem Prinzip der epideiktischen Rede: Lob der Tugend wie $Sch\"{o}nheit$ und Adeligkeit, Amplifikation bei der Formulierung, Wirkziel des aesthetischen Genusses. Wenn man die Entstehungszeit dieses Enkomiums $ber\"{u}cksichtigt$, kann man plausibel folgern, dass es eine $fr\"{u}he$ Form der Lobrede ist.

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Persuasion and Truth in Gorgias' Rhetoric: A Feature of the Sophistic Reception of Parmenidean Logos Tradition (고르기아스 수사학에서 설득과 진리: 파르메니데스적 로고스 전통에 대한 소피스트적 수용의 한 국면)

  • Kang, Chol-Ung
    • Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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    • no.116
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    • pp.251-281
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    • 2017
  • The Parmenidean tradition of logos which previous researches fail to fully appreciate has three dimensions of reality-knowledge-discourse. Parmenides is not just an ontologist, as the traditional view emphasizes, but also an epistemologist, as the revisionist view begins to emphasize, and, at the same time, a meta-discourser, as those two established views fail to embrace. In order to reach the third view which fully grasps such a dynamic and integrated feature of Parmenides, we should closely pay attention to the organic interconnectedness of three discourse parts of truth-doxa-proem, especially the significance of proem and meta-discourse. In the Eleatic tradition of discourse, the figure who clearly appreciated and further developed such an authentic feature of Parmenides' discourse is not, as one might easily expect, one of the second-generation Eleatics, but Gorgias who has commonly been positioned at the opposite side of Eleatism. This paper investigates how he actually both innovated and succeeded the Parmenidean tradition of logos; especially, it characterizes his discourse as an antilogy(antilogia) from within the tradition: as a 'devil' advocate' who complemented and completed Parmenidean persuasion by positing the Parmenidean tradition of logos as an arena of a huge intellectual discipline and cultivation, offering himself as a sparring partner to it, and bringing up an antilogy. In the process of this antilogy he performed in his rhetorical speeches such as the Encomium of Helen and the Defense of Palamedes he experimented and examined a possibility of persuasion operating independently from truth, which, however, is not merely sacrificing truth in favor of persuasiveness and probability (to eikos) as Plato criticized mainly focussing on his 'philosophical' writing On not-being. Rather, it was an 'opposition for opposition's sake' and serious play which purported to provide balance and flexibility to contemporary intellectual society which had too much inclined towards truth and knowledge and become stiff and to put weight on the opposite side of mainstream. It is wholly our eranos (i.e. our share of contribution) to summon and examine such sophistic tradition for the sake of the task of our times, not for the sake of Plato's task, that we should build up a healthy culture of discourse where we can share serious play.