• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
• /
• 2018.06a
• /
• pp.113-113
• /
• 2018

환경 친화형 전기자동차, 하이브리드 자동차, 전철 등에서는 고내압 및 소형으로 전력손실을 감소시킬 수 있는 파워 디바이스가 필수이다. 최근, 실리콘 카바이드(SiC, silcon carbide)는 기존 실리콘(Si)보다 스위칭 손실의 저감 및 고온환경에서의 동작 특성이 우수하여, 차세대 저 손실 전력반도체 재료로서 기대를 받고 있다. 용액 성장 법에서 고품질 SiC 결정을 만들 수 있다. 그러나 늦은 성장 속도 때문에 SiC의 양산을 어렵게 하고 있다. 현재까지 성장 속도 향상을 위한 Si용매에 Cr을 첨가하여 탄소 용해도를 높이는 방법이 사용되고 안정된 성장을 위한 Si-Cr용매에 Al를 첨가하는 등 다양한 금속을 첨가하는 방법이 이용되고 있다. 선행 연구에서는 다양한 용매인 탄소 용해도를 실측하고 특히 큰 탄소 용해도를 보인 것은 Co이었다. 본 연구에서는 $Si_{0.6}Cr_{0.4}$원료와 Co를 첨가한 $Si_{0.56}Cr_{0.4}Co_{0.04}$의 용매에 의한 SiC용액 성장을 실시하고 결정 성장 속도 및 표면 상태의 변화를 검토했다. on-axis 4H-SiC(000-1)을 사용한 Top-seeded solution growth(TSSG)법과 원자 비율로 $Si_{0.6}Cr_{0.4}$와 $Si_{0.56}Cr_{0.4}Co_{0.04}$의 용매를 이용하여 SiC 용액 성장을 실시했다. Ar가스에서 저항 가열로 내를 치환 후에 $1800^{\circ}C$까지 가열하고 종자화 후에 120분간 유지하고 결정 성장을 실시했다. 냉각 후에 성장의 표면에 남은 용매를 $HF+HNO_3$에서 제거했다. 광학 현미경을 이용하여 결정면과 두께를 관찰 측정했다. Co를 첨가한 $Si_{0.56}Cr_{0.4}Co_{0.04}$의 경우는 $Si_{0.6}Cr_{0.4}$의 경우보다 결정 성장 속도가 향상됐다. 또한 $Si_{0.6}Cr_{0.4}$보다 step-flow의 성장을 나타낸 결정의 표면이 전반적으로 관찰됐으며 안정된 결정성장을 나타냈다. 본 연구에서 실시한 연구 방법과 결과는 고품질 및 고속의 SiC 용액성장을 위한 매우 유용한 자료로 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 판단한다.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.112-118
• /
• 2012

Steel industry produces many by-products and wastes such as blast furnace slag, electric arc furnace slag, and converter slag. As in the case of rock, the main component of steel slag are CaO and $SiO_2$ ; further, steel slag is as alkaline as portland cement or concrete. Electric arc furnace oxidizing slag is possible to use as an aggregate for concrete ; however, it has been reclaimed because of it's expansibility caused by free CaO. Recently, a innovative rapid cooling method for melting steel slag has been developed in Korea, which reduces free lime content to minimum level and increases the stability of iron oxide. Therefore, this study describes the results of a series of research to utilize globular shape of electric arc furnace oxidizing slag fine aggregates made by rapidly cooled method for the construction industry by cooling rapidly melted slag from the steel industry. First of all, an experiment was carried out to investigate the quality characteristics of rapidly cooled electric arc furnace oxidizing slag fine aggregates in order to determine whether they can be applied to the construction industry. Then, by applying them to concrete of various particle sizes, we explored experimentally the desired condition to apply rapidly cooled electric arc furnace oxidizing slag fine aggregates to concrete.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.9
• /
• pp.128-133
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to demonstrate the manufacturing process for producing high-quality solar salt. The design criteria of the manufacturing process, which was studied in a previous study, was applied to an actual manufacturing system to evaluate its performance. The design factors applied were the drying air temperature and the temperature of the washing water. They were 100℃ or less and 10℃ or less, respectively. Two standards were applied to the process performance evaluation. Standard (I) was the international food standard for solar salt, and standard (II) was the quality standard for high-quality solar salt production. The main quality evaluation items were the moisture content and salinity, and the color characteristics were also measured (p<0.05). The manufacturing process of solar salt consisted of five steps, and the quality change was measured for each step. The measured quality was appropriate to the standard (I) from the third-step process. In addition, the quality of the high-quality solar salt was suitable for the standard (II) from the fourth-step process. Therefore, the performance of the proposed solar salt production process met international standards. The improvements in the production of high-quality solar salt will improve international competitiveness in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2011.08a
• /
• pp.130-131
• /
• 2011

박막의 제조는 많은 연구의 가장 기초가 되는 시편을 만드는 과정으로 현대의 과학기술에서 매우 중요한 공정 중의 하나이다. 그러나 이러한 박막의 제조는 제조하는 사람의 숙련도나 장치에 의존하며 경우에 따라서는 원하는 특성의 박막을 제조하는 것이 매우 어려운 작업이 되기도 한다. 따라서 경험이 없는 연구자의 경우는 때때로 까다로움과 번거로움을 느끼게 되며, 안정된 공정을 찾기까지 많은 시간을 소비 하게 된다. 특히 부적절한 증발방법의 선정에 따른 실험 결과는 경제적인 손실을 초래할 뿐만 아니라 실험하는 사람을 좌절시키는 가장 큰 요인이 되어왔다. 진공증착에 의한 박막의 제조는 증발법과 스퍼터링, 이온플레이팅 등의 방법이 있으며 이중 증발을 이용한 박막의 제조에는 저항가열 증발, 전자빔 가열 증발, 유도가열 증발 등의 방법으로 구분하고 있다. 저항가열 증발원은 가격이 저렴하다는 장점은 있으나 증발원이 손쉽게 파손되거나 증발량이 일정하지 않아 박막의 정밀 제어가 어려울 뿐만 아니라 때에 따라서는 1 ${\mu}m$ 이상의 후막 형성에도 어려움이 있는 등 많은 제약이 있다. 따라서 적절한 증발원의 선정이 실험의 효율성을 좌우하는 경우가 많다. 적절한 증발원의 선정과 효율적인 실험을 위해 증발원 제조회사에서는 증발원의 선정과 증발 조건과 관련된 자료를 카탈로그 형태로 발행하고 있다. 그러나 그러한 자료만으로는 객관적인 정보를 얻기에 충분하지 못한 경우가 많으며, 어떤 경우에는 저자 등의 경험과 일치하지 않는 정보도 포함하고 있었다. 전자빔 증발원은 냉각이 되는 Crucible에 물질을 담고 고전압의 전자빔으로 물질을 가열시켜 증발시키는 증발원으로 1960년대 이후 박막 제조 실험에 이용되기 시작하였다. 전자빔은 고순도의 피막 제조가 가능하고 증발물질의 교체가 쉬우며 고속 증발이 가능함은 물론 다층막의 제조가 용이하고 증발물질의 제조비용이 저렴하다는 장점이 있다. 이러한 장점 때문에 1970년대 이후에는 전자빔을 이용한 박막제조가 폭 넓게 이루어졌고 이때를 즈음하여 전자빔을 이용한 물질의 증발 특성이 논문으로 발표되기도 하였다. 본 연구에서는 증발에 관한 저자들의 경험을 바탕으로 저항가열과 전자빔을 이용하여 증발실험을 진행한 물질계를 중심으로 각 물질의 증발특성과 가장 효율적인 Liner 등에 대해 기술하였다. 특히, 각종 물질의 증발 특성을 체계화함은 물론 효율적인 증발 방법을 객관적인 Data와 함께 제공하여 효과적인 박막 제조 실험에 도움이 되고자 하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.285-290
• /
• 1999

The magnetic properties of sputtered amorphous $Fe_{86.7}Zr_{3.3}B_4Ag_6$ thin films, which contains an additional insoluble element Ag, have been investigated as a function of uniaxal field annealing temperature. The amorphous $Fe_{86.7}Zr_{3.3}B_4Ag_6$ thin films produced by relatively low temperature annealing at 40$0^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour was found to have very high permeability of 7800 at 50 MHz, 0.2 mOe, high magnetization of 1.7 T, low coercivity of 1.0 Oe and very low core loss of 1.4 W/cc at 1 MHz, 0.1 T, respectively. It is notable that the permeability and core loss values for various kinds of the soft magnetic thin films reported up to now. The reason for the appearance for the good soft magnetic properties is presumably due to the homogeneous formation of very fine bcc $\alpha$-Fe clusters with the size in the amorphous $Fe_{86.7}Zr_{3.3}B_4Ag_6$ thin films matrix, which can be deduced from the XRD results.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.188-194
• /
• 2000

Effects of native and RS-3 type resistant starches prepared from autoclaved-cooled amylomaize VII(AVII) and normal maize starches(NMS) on the rheological and baking properties of wheat flour dough and quality of breads were investigated. In farinogram, water absorption and dough development time were increased, but stability was reduced by the addition of RS. The addition of native starches or resistant starch made from AVII to wheat flour improved the total volume and specific loaf volume of bread compared with the control(no addition), but the addition of NMS-RS reduced those. During the storage of bread at room temperature, the moisture content of control was decreased but those of native starch- or RS-added breads remained constantly. AVII-RS- or NMS-RS-added bread was evaluated to have good overall acceptability compared with control by elementary school students. The addition of enzyme-resistant starch to bread regardless of botanical sources of starch not only improved the overall acceptability and nutritional benefits but also improved the sensory acceptability.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.51 no.3
• /
• pp.156-163
• /
• 2014

In this paper, a phase control system has been implemented to improve the dynamic performance of the stroke response for linear compressors. In order to control the cooling capability of a refrigerator or an air conditioner in which liner compressors are applied, the piston speed should be controlled. The piston speed control can be obtained by adjusting the frequency or the stroke of linear motors. The dynamic performance of linear compressors depends on how accurately the stroke or the piston amplitude is estimated. A phase control system is added to the stroke control loop and the superior performance of the phase control system is verified via some simulation studies.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.212-218
• /
• 2013

In this paper, a linear motor piston amplitude estimator using phase lag filter has been implemented. In order to control the cooling capability of a refrigerator or an air conditioner in which liner compressors are applied, the piston speed should be controlled. The piston speed control can be obtained by adjusting the frequency or the stroke of linear motors. The dynamic performance of linear compressors depends on how accurately the stroke or the piston amplitude is estimated. A linear motor piston amplitude estimator using phase lag filter is proposed and the superior performance of our estimator is verified via some simulation studies.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.50 no.8
• /
• pp.274-282
• /
• 2013

In this paper, a linear motor stroke controller using a phase lag filter and a single phase PWM inverter with a current controller has been implemented. In order to control the cooling capability of a refrigerator or an air conditioner in which linear compressors are applied, the piston speed should be controlled. The piston speed control can be obtained by adjusting the frequency or the stroke of linear motors. Generally, the frequency is fixed, for example, as 60Hz and the stroke is adjusted. The dynamic performance of linear compressors depends on how accurately the stroke or the piston position is controlled by the current applied. A linear motor piston position controller with a current control loop is proposed and verified via some simulation studies.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.23 no.9
• /
• pp.525-530
• /
• 2013

This study investigated the continuous cooling transformation, microstructure, and mechanical properties of highstrength low-alloy steels containing B and Cu. Continuous cooling transformation diagrams under non-deformed and deformed conditions were constructed by means of dilatometry, metallographic methods, and hardness data. Based on the continuous cooling transformation behaviors, six kinds of steel specimens with different B and Cu contents were fabricated by a thermomechanical control process comprising controlled rolling and accelerated cooling. Then, tensile and Charpy impact tests were conducted to examine the correlation of the microstructure with mechanical properties. Deformation in the austenite region promoted the formation of quasi-polygonal ferrite and granular bainite with a significant increase in transformation start temperatures. The mechanical test results indicate that the B-added steel specimens had higher strength and lower upper-shelf energy than the B-free steel specimens without deterioration in low-temperature toughness because their microstructures were mostly composed of lower bainite and lath martensite with a small amount of degenerate upper bainite. On the other hand, the increase of Cu content from 0.5 wt.% to 1.5 wt.% noticeably increased yield and tensile strengths by 100 MPa without loss of ductility, which may be attributed to the enhanced solid solution hardening and precipitation hardening resulting from veryfine Cu precipitates formed during accelerated cooling.