• The Bimonthly Magazine for Agrochemicals and Plant Protection
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• v.5 no.10
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• pp.55-60
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• 1984

우리가 농토배양을 선두로 못자리 설치에서부터 긴 여름불볕 더위속에서 열심히 벼농사를 짓는 것은 결실의 계절인 가을에 질이 좋은 쌀, 보다 많은 쌀을 풍성한 마음으로 거두기 위해서 이다. 특히 올해는 벼 안전 다수확을 위해서 겨울 논물가두기부터 시작하여 못자리 조기설치, 일찍 모내기를 끝내고 적기병충해 방제와 마지막 단계에서 뜻밖의 폭우가 있었지만 폭우의 피해까지도 어느 정도 슬기롭게 극복하여 이제 최후의 거두어 들이는 작업에 온 정성을 다할 때가 되었으며 또 내년을 위해 금년 한해동안의 벼농사에서 잘 되었던 점과 못 되었던 점을 정리해 두었다가 거울로 삼는 것도 바람직하다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.80-81
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• 2000

인위적인 에어로졸의 배출은 현대 산업발전과 급속한 도시화로 인해 가중되었으며, 인체 위해성이 높을 뿐만 아니라, 도시지역의 시정감쇄에도 크게 기여한다. 우리 나라에서 시정(visibility)에 대한 연구가 시작된 것은 지난 1980년 후반이었으며, 최근에 이르러 광학적인 연구가 함께 병행됨으로써 보다 과학적이며 체계적인 연구 성과를 얻고 있다. 시정감쇄 현상은 대기오염을 가시적으로 확인할 수 있는 지표중 하나로서 대기질의 광화학적 및 기상학적 변화에 따라 크게 영향을 받는다. (중략)

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.112-115
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• 1992

1989년 10월부터 뉴저지주에서 야생동물 광견병이 유행되기 시작하였다. 광견병이 의심되는 야생동물 및 가축을 광견병 항체항원 반응으로 검사하여 1990년 1월부터 1990년 12월까지 유행 진행 상황을 점검하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 야생동물 광견병 유행이 1년에37mile 정도로 전파되었다. 2. 광견병으로 판명된 야생동물 중 Raccoon이 87%로 제일 많았고, Skunk가 6.4%였다. 3. 동물별 광견병 양성률은 Raccoon이 28.8%로 제일 높고 Skunk가 20.8%로 그 다음이었다. 4. 계절별 광견병 양성률은 1월에 11.4% 2월에 6.9% 9월에 21.0% 12월에 31.0%였다.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.424-437
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• 1993

About three fourths of total variability of zooplankton in Asan Bay was associated with season and the difference between inner bay and outer bay was relatively small. However, the differences in percent compositions of major taxa at inner bay and outer bay increased gradually with time, suggesting the change of ecosystem in this bay due to the human exploitation such as reclamation. Seasons of maximum abundances were different among the taxa but consistent for each taxon throughout the three survey years. Calanus sinicus and Acartia bifilosa showed maximum abundance in spring. Sagitta crassa, Paracalanus parvus, A. pacifica, Tortanus spinicaudatus, Corycaeus affinis and Decapoda larva were most abundant in summer. Labidocera euchaeta and Bivalve larva appeared most abundantly in fall. But in winter no taxon showed maximum. In general, low abundance with many species in fall, low abundance and few taxa in winter, increase in both number of taxa and abundance in spring, and high abundance and many taxa in summer were observed. A hypothesis for the observed patterns was suggested although more evidences were needed to support this.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.66.1-66.1
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• 2011

천체망원경을 이용한 측광관측은 주로 CCD를 이용하여 이루어지고 있으며, CCD를 이용한 측광관측은 CCD를 구성하는 픽셀마다 양자효율이 일정하지 않기 때문에 Flat 관측을 이용하여 보정을 하고 있다. 한편, Flat 관측은 주로 빈 하늘을 찍는 Sky Flat 방법을 이용하고 있으나, Sky Flat을 관측하는 방법은 계절에 따라 시작 시간이 다르고, 제한적인 관측 시간 내에 관측자의 판단으로 이루어지고 있는 실정이다. 특히 제한적인 관측시간은 관측자의 상당한 신중함을 요구하고 있어 노출시간 조절 및 시작 시간을 지나게 되면 Sky Flat 영상을 얻지 못하는 경우도 있다. 이러한 제약 조건에서 효율적인 Flat관측을 하기위해 AutoFlat 프로그램을 개발하였다. AutoFlat 프로그램은 5초 노출로 빈 하늘을 찍으며 관측된 이미지에서 정해진 하늘의 밝기가 되면 자동으로 노출 시간을 계산하고, 각각의 필터별로 관측을 하는 동시에 적절한 이름을 주어 자동으로 저장하게 되어 있다. 이번 연구에서 개발한 AutoFlat 프로그램은 관측자가 Flat 관측을 진행하지 않아도 안정적이면서 효율적인 Flat 관측을 수행하여 앞으로 CCD를 이용한 측광 관측에서 유용하게 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.4
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• pp.361-370
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• 2020

Long-term observation of the life cycle of plants allows the identification of critical signals of the effects of climate change on plants. Indeed, plant phenology is the simplest approach to detect climate change. Observation of seasonal changes in plants using digital repeat imaging helps in overcoming the limitations of both traditional methods and satellite remote sensing. In this study, we demonstrate the utility of camera-based repeat digital imaging in this context. We observed the biological events of plants and quantified their phenophases in the northern temperate type deciduous broadleaf forest of Jeombong Mountain. This study aimed to identify trends in seasonal characteristics of Quercus mongolica (deciduous broadleaf forest) and Pinus densiflora (evergreen coniferous forest). The vegetation index, green chromatic coordinate (GCC), was calculated from the RGB channel image data. The magnitude of the GCC amplitude was smaller in the evergreen coniferous forest than in the deciduous forest. The slope of the GCC (increased in spring and decreased in autumn) was moderate in the evergreen coniferous forest compared with that in the deciduous forest. In the pine forest, the beginning of growth occurred earlier than that in the red oak forest, whereas the end of growth was later. Verification of the accuracy of the phenophases showed high accuracy with root-mean-square error (RMSE) values of 0.008 (region of interest [ROI]1) and 0.006 (ROI3). These results reflect the tendency of the GCC trajectory in a northern temperate type deciduous broadleaf forest. Based on the results, we propose that repeat imaging using digital cameras will be useful for the observation of phenophases.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.194-199
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• 1988

The seasonal movements of Holotrichia morosa and H. diomphalia in soil were investigated during the period from 1984 to 1986 in Suwon. Most cf the eggs, active larvae and adults of the two species could be found at the soil depth of I-IDem. The larvae began downward movement in late October and early November in order for overwintering when soil tempe¬rature at 5cm below ground reached about $10^{\circ}C$. The overwintering depths of the larvae were 10-40cm for H. morosa and 30-80cm for H. diomPhalia. After the overwintering, pupation and adult emergence of H. morosa occurred at the overwintered sites, \vhereas H. diomPhalia larvae returned to near soil surface next April, and resumed feeding. H.diomphalia larvae began to move downward again in late June for pupation and adult emergence, and overwintered thereafter as adults at the depth of 1O-40cm.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.133-141
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• 2011

This study is to identify the trend of climate change in Gangwon-do by examining accumulated climate data such as temperature and precipitation in Gangneung city over the past about 100 years. The annual mean temperature and precipitation in Gangneung have increased by $1.4^{\circ}C$ and 14.7%, respectively, over the last 98 years (1912~2009). The trends of Gangneung showed that precipitation has intensified as the number of precipitation days decreased while its amount increased during the period. Based on the temperature data, spring and summer began earlier whereas the onsets of fall and winter were delayed. Summer has become longer and winter shorter by about a month. Averaging observation data from seven weather stations in Gangwon-do, the annual mean temperature and precipitation have increased by $0.8^{\circ}C$ and 21.0% respectively over the last 37 years (1973~2009). By region, Wonju city recorded the biggest increase of $1.6^{\circ}C$ in the annual mean temperature while Sokcho city the smallest increase of $0.4^{\circ}C$. In the annual mean precipitation, Daegwallweong recorded the biggest change of 22.2% and Wonju city the smallest of 12.0%.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.446-453
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• 2013

Festivals using plant phenology is one of the examples can represent the ecosystem services. Changwon Jinhae Gunhangje is typical spring festival using cherry blossoms phenology. This research was done to define relationship between flowering of cherry blossoms and Gunhangje. Phenological data (Julian day) of cherry blossoms and visitor number of Gunhangje from 1987 to 2013 were collected. Differences of Phenological phase of cherry blossoms and duration of Gunhangje was analyzed. Trend analysis was performed to know changes of flowering and budding day of cherry blossoms. Correlations between visitor number of Gunhangje and environmental factors was defined by factor analysis and regression analysis. Results are showed that during the 26 years, periodicity of flowering and budding day was not identified or even identified it was not significant. Environmental factors effect on visitor numbers of Gunhangje were defined as temperature factor, day factor, and precipitation factor. Temperature factor was significantly correlated with visitor numbers of Gunhangje. Though Flowering day of cherry blossoms and festival duration was not matched, however, difference of visitor numbers was not showed. These results suggest that fixed duration of Gunhangje would be more effective to visitors than changing the festival duration following the phenological day changes of cherry blossoms.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.70-77
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• 2003

From March 1998 to August 2000, the phenological and morphometric changes of Zostera marina L. were examined at the Duksan Port in the eastern coast of Korea. Morphometric characteristics, phenological stage, shoot density, biomass of Z. marina population and environmental parameters were also measured. Nutrient levels in water column varied over the season. Morphometric characteristics of vegetative shoot changed with season; shoot heights ranged from 54.2 cm (March) to 100.0 cm (October). Reproductive shoots appeared from mid-March to early September of which the height was ranged from 97.8 cm (March) to 213.0 cm (July). The flowering phase started at 12$^{\circ}C$ and the fruit development was resulted up to 21$^{\circ}C$. The seed maturing was developed at 22$^{\circ}C$-$25^{\circ}C$. Shoot density and biomass in permanent quadrate (0.25 m$^2$) were significantly different among seasons ranging from 38 to 136 shoots (mean 80.3$\pm$6.5) for shoot density, and 190 g dry wt m$^{-2}$ in October 1998 to 922 g dry wt m$^{-2}$ in June 1998 for biomass respectively. Relationships between shoot morphometrics and physico-chemical parameters were not significantly correlated. Seasonal changes in water temperature seemed responsible for the replacement of reproductive phases and the annual changes of shoot morphometrics in Z. marina populations.