• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.171-178
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of dental hygiene students on the importance of character education, their level of character development and needs for that education in an effort to provide information on how to ensure the efficiency of character education. The subjects in this study were 180 selected dental hygiene students who took a course in "college life and character." After a survey was conducted, the collected data were analyzed by a SPSS 23.0. The findings of the study were as follows: First, as for awareness of the importance of character education, they placed the most importance on the virtue of filial piety and attached the least importance to the virtue of courage. Second, regarding awareness of the importance of character education by general characteristics, what type of high school they graduated from and whether they were religious or not made no differences to that, and there were differences according to academic year. Third, as to the current level of character development, they were most excellent in etiquette and caring. Fourth, the characteristics of the subjects made no differences to their current level of character development. Fifth, in regard to correlation between awareness of the importance of character education and the current level of character development, there was a positive correlation between it and every item except faithfulness. Sixth, as a result of analyzing their needs for character education, they gave top priority to moderation, followed by filial piety, faithfulness, responsibility, courage, wisdom, law abiding, justice, etiquette, respect, cooperation and caring. The results of this study should be used as basic data for character education.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.353-364
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• 2016

The materials of sculptured stone property around the Hyeonleung Royal Tomb in Guri consist mainly of high weathered of granitic rocks with magnetite-series. Deterioration characteristics occurred highly with microorganism, soil inflow and black contaminants at the burial mound zone. As a result of deterioration evaluation, stone surface around the burial mound zone show serious comprehensive damage of soil inflow (50.5%) and lichen coverage (47.6%) which are the major damaging factors, and there are about 8.6% of biological growth noticeably in the north side. Surface contaminants and the discoloration had the complex causes. Gypsum occurred between joints of stones and the major contaminant type, darkening which was analyzed organic bodies caused discoloration. From result of ultrasonic velocity measurements, there are mean value of 2,195 m/s with highly weathered (HW) grade. Most of the stone properties showed 4 to 5 weathered grade. Therefore, it turned out that sculpture stone properties require conservation treatments. To remove soil accelerating damage factors and lichen occupying high percents, the cleaning process is necessary and consolidation, rejoining and filling are needed as well. Also, consideration on removing conservation materials containing Ca and e fflorescence is required and retreatments need to be considered.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.434-439
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• 1993

To investigate the effects of neutral salts on the foaming properties of sodium caseinate, turbidity, surface tension, absolute viscosity, foaming ability and foam stability of the caseinate solutions(5%, w/v) with added NaF, $Na_2SO_4$, NaCl, $NaNO_3$, and NaSCN at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 M were examined. NaCl and $NaNO_3$ improved the foaming ability compared to sodium caseinate without salt, and also $Na_2SO_4$ and NaF did the foaming ability at the concentrations of 0.1M and 0.5M, while NaSCN did not improve the foaming ability. For foaming ability optimal concentrations of the salts were 0.5, 1.5, and 1.0 M in $Na_2SO_4$, NaCl, and NaSCN, respectively. Additions of $Na_2SO_4$, NaF and $NaNO_3$ at 0.5 M concentrations improved the foam stability of sodium caseinate by 825%, 615%, and 53% compared to control, while those of NaSCN reduced foam stability.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.249-262
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• 2004

The variations of the dynamical substructures of NGC 6934 have been investigated by means of performing point spread function stellar photometry and the surface photometry on BV CCD images of NGC 6934. Our results show that overall variations of ellipticity and position angle range in $0.02{\sim}0.08\;and\;-90^{\circ}{\sim}+90^{\circ}$, respectively out to three times the half light radius. The inner ($r_{eff}) substructures of NGC 6934 inferred from the variations of ellipticity and position angle are mainly affected by the bright red giant populations, while the effects of the other giant populations are weaker than those of the bright red giant populations. Horizontal branch populations and faint red giant star populations affect the dynamical substructures of NGC 6934 in the region of $r_h.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.60-70
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• 2000

The swine wastewater from slurry feedlot has been a social problem in Korea since the proper treatment is very difficult. Therefore, a practical study on the Solid-Liquid separation of swine wastewater from slurry feedlot was carried out as a pan of pretreatment for the successful biological treatment. The appropriate type of coagulant and optimum dosage were proposed for the most efficient Solid-Liquid separation and the best Solid-Liquid separation methods for different size of feedlot were determined through the tests with field-scaled Solid-Liquid separation equipment. The appropriate coagulant for the conditioning of dewatering property was E-851, which is a cationic polyelectrolyte made of polyacrylamide, and the optimum dosage was 0.24~0.6% of unit solids weight. Mesh Screen, Drum Screen, Cyclone Drum Filter, Screw Press, High-speed Screw Decanter, Low-speed Screw Decanter, and Dissolved Air Flotation Process had been investigated in this study. According to the results, the Screw Press was the best dewatering equipment for the small & medium size for feedlot and low-speed Screw Decanter was the best for the large size feedlot & public owned treatment facilities for the primary Solid-Liquid separation, and the most suitable secondary treatment process was DAF. On the other hand, reductions for the requirement of bulking agent and organic loading by Solid-Liquid separation process were 94.8% and 84.7%, respectively Therefore, the Solid-Liquid separation process must be required for the successful treatment of swine wastewater from slurry feedlot.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.7134-7147
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• 2014

This study examined one of the contemporary issues that may be interesting to academics and practitioners regarding the driving force of the growth rate for the firms belonging to the chaebols in the Korean capital markets. With respect to the empirical results obtained from two hypothesis tests, the first hypothesis was to identify any financial determinants on the growth rate by applying both dynamic panel data and static panel data models. The debt ratios relevant to the book- and market-value showed their positive relationships with the DV of GROWTH1, along with other significant IDVs such as one-period lagged DV of GROWTH_1, SIZE1 and FOS with statistical significance. Second, by employing conditional quantile regression (CQR) analysis, the control variables, such as ROA, SMARKET, time dummy variable of F2010 and F2011, and the industry dummies of IND3 and IND10, provided evidence of their significant influences on DV of GROWTH1.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.367-384
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• 2014

This study addresses an empirical issue which has been received little attention in the contemporary finance literature: To identify any financial determinants of the profitability indices for the firms belonging to the Korean chaebol. Three hypotheses of concern were postulated and tested for the sample firms covering the periods of the pre-and post-financial global crises. Regarding the results on the 1st hypothesis test of characterizing any financial profiles for the firms (belonging to the chaebols) by estimating a legitimate panel data model: the present study found the statistically significant relationships of the explanatory variables (BVLEVl, MVLEVl, MV/BV, RISK, FCFF and FOS) with the book-value based profitability ratio: while the market-valued profitability index was explained only by BVLEV2. Regarding the 2nd hypothesis test for the profitability of the sample firms at the industry level: the chaebol firms in the chemical and the food industries overall positioned themselves into the top ranks in order, which was tested by the ANCOVA and the Tukey multiple comparison procedure. Finally: on the 3rd hypothesis test for the 'adjusted' Dupont system, only two such as the 'operating margin' and the 'asset turnover' showed their significant effects between the chaebol firms and their counterparts in both the (parametric) independent samples t-test and the (nonparametric) Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney statistics.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.9B
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• pp.751-759
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• 2008

Carrier Ethernet backbone network integrates distributed layer-2 based metro networks. In this networks, Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) has been uscd as a main routing protocol that allows multiple spanning trees in a network. A better routing protocol called IEEE802.1aq - Shortest Path Bridging (SPB) is recently proposed, that generates the shortest spanning tree per a destination node. As SPB provides a routing path per a destination node, there is no way to adapt network traffic at normal condition. If we are free from the principle of "a spanning tree per a destination node", we can achieve adaptive routing. Based on this philosophy, we propose a new spanning tree based protocol - Edge Node Divided Spanning Tree (ENDIST). ENDIST divides an edge node into sub-nodes as many as connecting links from the node and each sub-node generates a single shortest path tree based on SPB. Depending on network or nodal status, ENDIST chooses a better routing path by flow-basis. This added traffic engineering ability contributes to enhanced throughput and reduced delay in backbone networks. The simulation informs us that ENDIST's throughput under heavy load performs about 3.4-5.8 and 1.5-2.0 times compared with STP's and SPB's one respectively. Also, we verified that ENDIST's throughput corresponds to the theoretical upper bound at half of cases we investigated. This means that the proposed ENDIST is a dramatically enhanced and the close-to-perfect spanning tree based routing schemes.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.259-271
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• 2020

In Korea, snow damage has happened in the region with little snowfalls in history. Also, accidental damage was caused by heavy snow leads and the public interest on heavy snow has been increased. Therefore, policy about the Natural Disaster Reduction Comprehensive Plan has been changed to include the mitigation measures of snow damage. However, since heavy snow damage was not frequent, studies on snowfall have not been conducted on different points. The characteristics of snow data commonly are not the same as the rainfall data. Some southern coastal areas in Korea are snowless during the year. Therefore, a joint probability distribution was suggested to analyze the snow data with many 0s in a previous research and fitness from the joint probability distribution was higher than the conventional methods. In this study, snow frequency analysis was implemented using the joint probability distribution and compared to the design codes. The results were compared to the design codes. The results of this study can be used as the basic data to develop a procedure for the snow frequency analysis in the future.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.109-124
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• 2020

Using panel data on freight rates and ship prices in the dry freighter market from January 2015 to December 2019, this study investigates the characteristics of shipping industry fluctuations. The analysis aims at two aspects of academic contribution. First, this study analyzes the relationship between shipping indicators and ship price based on separate dry-bulk ships, while the previous research considered the overall shipping index and weighted average ship prices. Second, the VAR model for the causality test is extended to a heterogeneous mixed panel model capable of limiting coefficients. There is a peak estimated by removing the cross-correlation problem, which is mainly raised in panel data analysis, using bootstrap estimation and solving the problem of information loss due to differences in non-stationary data. An empirical investigation of the causal relationship between economic fluctuations and ship price shows that the effect on the ship price from the freight is significant at the 1% level. This implies that there is a one-way relationship with demand in the shipping industry rather than a bilateral relationship.