• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.11A
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• pp.1652-1660
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 DS/CDMA (Direct Sequence/Code Division Multipe Access) 시스템에서 임시 판정 함수로서 연판정 함수와 경판정 함수를 적용한 파이프라인화된 직렬 간섭 제어 구조(PSIC, Pipelined Successive Interference Cancellation)의 성능을 수식적으로 분석하고, 모의 실험을 통하여 검증한다. PSIC 구조는 다단 직렬 간섭 제거 구조(MSIC, Multistage Successive Interference Cancellation)가 가지는 복호지연(decoding delay)의 문제를 해결하기 위해 파이프라인 구조를 MSIC에 적용한 것이다. 제안된PSIC 구조는 하드웨어의 복잡도(hardwar complexity)를 희생하여 비트 오율(BER, Bit Error Rate)의 증가 없이 MSIC에서 발생하는 복호 지연을 줄일 수 있다. 또한 제안된 PSIC 구조에서 연판정 함수와 경판정 함수를 각 간섭 제거 단(Cancellation stage)에서의 임시 판정 함수로 사용하여 얻게 되는 PSIC 구조들의 성능을 비교한다. 분석 및 실험 결과에 의하면 제안되 PSIC 구조에서는 경판정 함수를 사용할때의 성능이 연판정 함수를 사용할때의 성능보다 우수함을 알 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.416-422
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• 2011

In this paper, we use hard decision method for cooperative spectrum sensing. Sensing performance adopting hard decision is lower than soft decision but system load is low and the process is relatively simple when the combining scheme is hard decision compared to soft decision. In order to improve sensing performance, we propose optimal hard decision method applying weight that is based on a probability of individual sensing. Unlike conventional hard decision, we try to improve sensing performance applying weight and show the performance of the proposed method from the simulation results and performance analysis. The signal of licensed user is OFDM signal and the wireless channel between a licensed user and CR systems is modeled as Gaussian channel.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.63-67
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 IEEE 802.11a 무선 LAN에 적합한 16QAM/OFDM 시스템의 성능을 AWGN과 two-ray 다중 경로 페이딩 채널에서 시뮬레이션을 통하여 분석하고 성능 향상을 위한 방법으로 비터비 복호를 하는 길쌈 부호와 단일 탭의 LMS 등화기를 사용한다. 길쌈 부호를 사용하면 AWGN과 다중 경로 페이딩 채널에서 각각 경판정(hard-decision)은 2dB, 6 dB, 연판정(soft-decision)은 4.5 dB, 10 dB의 이득을 얻는다. 또한 다중 경로 페이딩 환경에서 경판정 비터비 복호와 단일 탭의 LMS 등화기를 함께 사용하는 경우에는 경판정 복호만을 사용하는 경우보다 5 dB 향상됨을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2347-2352
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• 2012

In this paper, a new alternating equalizer and its differential adjustment algorithm are proposed. The proposed alternating equalizer achieves equalization effectively using an algorithm performing symbol decisions based on soft/hard decision. In addition, it is possible to improve the initial blind convergence speed and steady-state error performance simultaneously by adjusting the equalizer differentially according to the relative reliability of the symbol decisions by soft/hard decision devices. The simulation results on 16/64-QAM constellations under multipath propagation channel and additive noise conditions confirmed to support usefulness of the proposed method.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2011

In this paper, we develop a speaker gender classification technique using collaborative sensor fusion for use in a wireless sensor network. The distributed sensor nodes remove the unwanted input data using the BER(Band Energy Ration) based voice activity detection, process only the relevant data, and transmit the hard labeled decisions to the fusion center where a global decision fusion is carried out. This takes advantages of power consumption and network resource management. The Bayesian sensor fusion and the global weighting decision fusion methods are proposed to achieve the gender classification. As the number of the sensor nodes varies, the Bayesian sensor fusion yields the best classification accuracy using the optimal operating points of the ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves_ For the weights used in the global decision fusion, the BER and MCL(Mutual Confidence Level) are employed to effectively combined at the fusion center. The simulation results show that as the number of the sensor nodes increases, the classification accuracy was even more improved in the low SNR(Signal to Noise Ration) condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
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• 1996.06a
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• pp.578-582
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• 1996

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.2035-2042
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• 1997

We consider the design of soft decision functions for each stage of multistage detection for coherent demodulation in an asynchronous code-division multiple-access(CDMA) system. In particular, the sigmoid function, which is shown to be optimal under the mean square error(MSE) criterion, andmultilevel quantizers that best approximate the sigmoid function are derived. At each stage of multistage detection, the parameters of these decision functions are adjusted depending on estimated input statistics. Computer simulation results demonstrate that multistage detectors employing these soft decision functions perform considerably better than those with hard decision.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.2A
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• pp.132-138
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• 2009

Cognitive radio is considered as a promising solution to scarce spectrum problem. The primary object of cognitive radio is to increase spectral efficiency, while causing limited interference to primary users who are using the spectrum. Hence, an essential part of cognitive radio systems is spectrum sensing which determines whether a particular spectrum is occupied or not by a primary user at a particular time. However, sensing decision of each individual secondary user alone may not be reliable enough due to shadowing and multipath fading of wireless channels. The so called hidden terminal problem makes the problem even worse, possibly yielding undesired interference to the primary users. Recently, cooperative spectrum sensing is emerging as a remedy to these problems of individual sensing. Cooperative sensing allows a group of secondary users to share local sensing information to extract a global decision with high fidelity. In this paper, we investigate a cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm based on hard decisions of local sensing outcomes. Specifically, we propose an effective scheme for combining local decisions by introducing weighting factors that reflect reliability of the corresponding secondary user. Through computer simulations, the performance of the proposed combining scheme is compared with that of the conventional scheme without weighting factors in various environments.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.184-191
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• 2017

This paper presents cluster based hybrid spectrum sensing system for M2M services. For each cluster, secondary nodes within the transmission radius of the primary node use hard decision method through local spectrum sensing to determine whether the primary node exists. And the other secondary nodes and the secondary nodes having poor radio channel conditions judge the existence of the primary node through the soft decision method of the values obtained by performing the cooperative spectrum sensing. In the proposed hybrid spectrum sensing system, the performance according to the number of secondary nodes is analyzed with the conventional system over Rayleigh fading channel. As the number of cooperative sensing users increased to 2, 3 and 4, the cluster error probability decreased to 0.5608, 0.5252 and 0.4001 at SNR of -10[dB] respectively. Since the proposed system uses less overhead traffic, it is found that it is more effective in terms of frequency usage than the conventional system using soft decision-soft decision and soft decision-hard decision methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.337-338
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• 2012

다중 안테나 전송 기술은 추가적인 대역폭의 필요 없이 다이버시티 이득을 얻을 수 있는 장점이 있다. 이러한 이유로 차세대 방송기술 및 이동 통신기술에서는 대용량 데이터 전송을 위하여 다중 안테나 전송기술을 채택하고 있다. 또 다른 차세대 무선 통신 시스템의 큰 특징은 무선 통신 환경에서 발생하는 다중 경로 및 무선 경로 페이딩에 의한 성능 저하를 극복하기 위하여 연판정 검출 값을 반복적으로 사용하는 오류정정부호의 사용에 있다. 이 경우에 수신단에서 MIMO 검출 후 수행되는 터보 부호에 대한 복호 과정에서 연판정 입력이 필요하고, 이 연판정 입력 값이 복호 성능에 큰 영향을 미치기 때문에 효율적인 연판정 검출 값이 필요로 한다. 본 논문에서는 MIMO 검출 후 M-ary QAM 복조시 경판정 경계를 이용한 연판정 검출방법을 이용하여 적은 연산을 요구하는 M-ary QAM 의 연판정 검출 방식을 제안한다.