• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06d
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• pp.72-75
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 숫자음 인식시스템의 인식률 향상을 위한 연구로서 4연속 숫자음을 대상으로 연음 현상 및 경음화 현상등과 같은 음성학적 특징을 고려하여 숫자음에 강건한 모델을 작성하는 방법을 제안하고 인식실험을 통하여 그 유효성을 확인하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 음성자료로서는 국어공학센터(KLE)에서 채록한 4연속 숫자음을 사용하며 인식의 기본단위로서 음향학적 특징을 고려한 19개의 연속분포 HMM을 유사음소 단위(Phoneme Like Units ; PLUS) 로 사용한다. 또한 , 인식실험에 있어서는 기존의 방법으로 모델을 작성한 경우와 연음 현상과 경음화 현상 등과 같은 음성학적 특징을 고려하여 모델을 작성한 경우에 대해서 유한상태 오토마타(finite State Automata ; FSA)에 의한 구문제어를 통한 OPDP(One Pass Dynamic Programming)법으로 인식실험을 수행하여 그 결과를 비교 검토하였다. 그 결과, 기존이 방법의 경우 64.6%, 음성학적 특징을 고려한 경우 68.6%의 인식률을 보여, 음성학적 특징을 고려한 경우가 4.0% 향상된 인식률을 얻어 제안한 방법의 유효성을 확인하였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2024

A car horn serves a crucial safety role as a means of communication between drivers and a part that alerts pedestrians in advance. While previous studies have utilized finite element method and electric circuit model to simulate and analyze characteristics of the car horns, there remains a lack of research on design methods of a trumpet horn. This paper presents a design approach that predicts the operating frequency based on the acoustic reactance at the throat of the horn, once the vibrating part is determined. We deal with a horn combining both an exponential horn and a waveguide in the acoustic section, and confirm that the acoustic reactance at the horn throat measured by impedance tube experiment agrees well compared with the numerical result obtained using the finite element method. The resonance frequency of the car horn is predicted using the COMSOL Multiphysics finite element numerical analysis model, and the proposed design method is validated by measuring the operating frequency of the designed horn in a sound pressure experiment. As a result, the resonance measured in a semi-anechoic chamber environment by applying a DC voltage of 12 [V] excluding the holder occurs accurately within a few [Hz] of the design operating frequency. This paper discuss the design method of a trumpet horn from the perspective of the horn's acoustic reactance, and is expected to be useful for designing horn systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.154-157
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• 2005

본 연구는 한국어를 학습한 경험이 없는 일본인의 한국어 치경폐쇄음 세 음소 범주(/ㄷ/, /ㄸ/, /ㅌ/)에 대한 지각 학습이 양순폐쇄음 세 음소(/ㅂ/. /ㅃ/, /ㅍ/) 지각에 미치는 효과를 검토하였다. 김윤현과 김정오 (2005)는 일본인들이 지각 학습과제에서 한국어 치경폐쇄음 세 범주를 구분할 때 기식성. 긴장성과 같은 변별 자질에 선택주의 하게 됨을 시사하는 결과를 얻었다. 치경음에 대한 지각 학습으로 적절한 단서에 선택주의 하게 되었다면, 같은 지각 차원에 따라 세 범주로 구분되는 양순음의 경우에도 치경폐쇄음 학습 후 음성자극들을 옳게 범주화를 할 것이다. 실험 결과, 치경폐쇄음 자극(/다/, /따/, /타/)만으로 이루어진 동일-상이판단 학습 과제에서 치경폐쇄음 파악의 정확율은 29.1%(표준오차=3.02) 증가하였고, 조음 위치의 변화에 따른 음향적 차이에도 불구하고 양순폐쇄음의 정반응율도 15.8%(표준오차=3.27)의 향상을 보였다. 이 전이효과는 치경음 지각 학습 때문에 일본인들이 폐쇄음의 세 음소 범주를 구분하는 적절한 지각 차원에 선택주의하게 되었음을 시사한다.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.67-70
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is the comparison of the Korean medial fortis duration between Korean native speaker and Japanese native speaker who study Korean language. For this purpose, I selected words with medial fortis from the SITEC DB. The Korean medial fortis of Japanese tends to have longer closure/friction duration than Korean native speakers in 3 syllables words. There are no distinct differences in 2 syllables words. This might be owing to the different timing unit of Korean and Japanese.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.482-489
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• 2014

The purposes of this study are (1) to see if the length of residence in Korea affects to the VOT values of Korean plosives produced by Chinese speakers (2) to investigate if such VOT values are different in non-sense words and real words and (3) to find out how such VOT values are related to the native Korean speakers' understanding of the words. For these purposes, eighteen Chinese speakers' VOT values of Korean plosives were measured using Speech Analyzer and their pronunciations were evaluated by three native Korean speakers. The results show that there is no effect of both (1) length of residence in Korea and (2) production of non-sensed words and sensed words. In addition, it is noticed that VOT values of some plosives affect more to the native Korean speakers' understanding of the words, while some are not.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1991.06a
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• pp.15-15
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• 1991

한국어 자음에 대한 생리적인 분류는 조음점 및 조음발법에 따라 다시 세분화할 수 있는데 그중에서 조음발법에 따라 파열음, 마찰음, 파찰음 및 비음들 여러가지로 분류할 수 있다. 그중 특히 파열음은 그 개방하는 방법에 따라 연음(lenis), 경음(glottalized) 및 기식음(aspirated)등으로 구분하는데 이러한 각음을 육안으로 확인하면 모음이 발성되기 위한 성대진동이 있기전의 자음을 위한 성대의 운동의 현상을 보면 기식음에서는 성대열림이 가장 크고 연음에서도 열림이 크지만 기식음보다는 적고 경음에서는 성대의 열림이 가장 작았다. 이러한 현상은 후두내시경에 의해 쉽게 확인할 수 있었는데 이것을 과학적으로 규명하기 위해서는 여러연구에 의해 가능하나 흔히 후두근전도 검사에 의한 성대내전근과 외전근의 역할의 차이를 비교함으로서 가능해지리라 예상되어 본 연구를 시행하였다. 사용된 문형 또는 단어는 한가지를 제외하고는 모두 의미있는 단어를 사용하였으며 EMG recording을 위해 사용된 근육은 후두내전근인 Vocalis muscle과 후두외전근인 Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle이 사용되었고 전기신호는 computer data processing system에 의해 분석되어졌다. 결과는 내시경에 의한 성대열림의 거리측정 결과를 분석함과 동시에 후두내근에 대한 근전도검사에 의한 분석을 토대로 하였으며 이를 간단히 설명하면 이제까지 많은 사람들은 한국어 자음에 대한 각각의 특징적인 현상들을 주로 성대내전근의 역할에 의해 규명하였으나 본 결과로는 성대내전근의 역할도 중요하지만 성대외전근의 역할 또한 상호 연관성을 가지면서 매우 중요한 역할을 한다는 점이다.for the Isotropic plates can be used. Use of some coefficients can produce "exact" value for laminates with such configuration.trap with 2.88[eV] deep of injected space charge from the chathode in the crystaline regions. The origin of ${\alpha}$$_2$ peak was regarded as the detrapping process of ions trapped with 0.9[eV] deep originated from impurity-ion remained in the specimen during production process of the material, in the crystalline regions. The origin of ${\beta}$ peak was concluded to be due to the depolarization process of "C=0"dipole with the activation energy of 0.75[eV] in the amorphous regions. The origin of ${\gamma}$ peak was responsible to the process combined with the depolarization of "CH$_3$", chain segment, with the activation energy of carriers from the shallo

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.421-430
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• 2021

It is necessary to pay attention to the appearance of word-initial glottalization among social classes. The higher the academic ability, the more formal it is, the more likely it is to avoid word-initial glottalization due to the psychological factors that are close to the English pronunciation. The purpose of this study is to prove and clarify this through experimental research and the Praat voice analysis program. In previous discussions on word-initial glottalization, there have been various discussions such as strengthening expressions, the conclusion of competition of modern society, Korean historical analysis, differences in Korean and English phonetics, and attempts to regularize the pronunciation of loanwords. In this paper, it was revealed that the higher the academic ability, the weaker the pronunciation of loanwords word-initial glottalization appears in formal and formal situations, by using experimental research and voice analysis program Praat. The presence or absence of pronunciation of the initial specification of loanwords acts as a psychological base for expressing one's status and hierarchy.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.182-187
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• 2007

The present study was to investigate the speech intelligibility of esophageal speech, which is the way that the laryngectomized people who lost their voices by total laryngectomy can phonate by using the airstream driven into esophagus, not trachea. Three normal listeners transcribed the CVVand VCV syllables produced by 10 esophageal speakers. As a result, overall intelligibility of esophageal speech was 27%. Affricates showed the highest intelligibility, and fricatives, the lowest. In the aspect of the place of articulation, palatals were the most intelligble, and alveolars, the least. Most of the aspirated consonants showed a low intelligibility. The consonants in VCV syllables were more intelligible than the ones in CVV syllables. The low intelligibility of esophageal speakers is due to insufficient airflow intake into esophagus. Therefore, training to increase airflow intake, as well as correct articulation training, will improve their low intelligibility.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 2009

This paper aims to investigate how tensification preference has changed over time and discuss how appropriately tensification preference is reflected in Principles of Standard Pronunciation and Standard Korean Language Dictionary. For this research, a questionnaire survey of tensification preference was conducted. 173 test words were used and 156 native Seoul speakers participated in this survey. The results have shown that tensification preference has gradually increased from older to younger generations. In addition, Principles of Standard Pronunciation and Standard Korean Language Dictionary do not reflect real pronunciation appropriately. Therefore, some ways of incorporating the actual pronunciation of Seoul speakers in the Principles of Standard Pronunciation and the Standard Korean Language Dictionary are suggested.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.6
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• pp.25-32
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• 1999

Not only Korean scholars but also many scholars in the field of phonetic science were interested in Korean forced sounds from the viewpoint of general phonetics as a way to clarify the process of production and the physical characteristics of speech sounds. The author also tried to elucidate the characteristics of Korean forced sounds using the sound spectrograph (Umeda & Umeda 1965). Over the past 30 years since this study, many scholars have analyzed these sounds from various standpoints resulting in copious amounts of literature. In this paper, the author critically examined the results of previous studies on this subject dealing with VOT, spectral characteristics, fundamental frequency, states of glottis obtained from fiber-optic investigations, and patterns of tongue-palate contact acquired from observation by use of dynamic palatograph. These points were discussed in relation to the author's field of investigation.