• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.635-646
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• 2008

시장 경제의 패러다임이 전통적인 제품 지배논리에서 서비스 지배 논리로 전환됨에 따라 서비스에 대한 체계적이고 과학적인 접근법의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 이러한 필요성에 의해 최근 주목을 받고 있는 분야가 바로 서비스 사이언스이다. 서비스 사이언스는 서비스를 포괄적인 관점에서 바라보고, 분석하고 체계적으로 연구하고자 하는 새로운 학문분야라 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 최근에 제시된 서비스 사이언스 분석 방법론을 이용하여 현재의 서비스와 기술수준, 및 서비스 혁신간의 관계를 규명해 보고자 한다. 왜냐하면 기존의 연구들은 현재의 서비스 및 기술 수준과 서비스 혁신 노력의 관계에 대해서는 지금까지 별 관심을 보이지 않아왔다. 하지만 경로 의존성 (path dependency) 및 혁신자의 딜레마 (innovator's dilemma)를 고려할 때, 현재의 서비스 및 기술 수준과 혁신의 관계는 서비스 혁신의 연구에서 상당히 중요한 의미를 가진다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 서비스 사이언스 분석방법론을 기반으로 서비스 수준의 차이에 따라 서비스 혁신 활동수준에서도 차이가 있는지, 서비스 혁신 활동 수준에 따라 서비스 활동 수준에서 차이가 발생하는지를 실증 분석해 보고자 하며, 또한 기술 수준이 서비스 활동 수준 및 서비스 혁신활동 수준과 어떠한 관련이 있는지 실증적으로 규명해 보고자 한다. 연구 결과 서비스 활동 수준에 따라 서비스 혁신 활동 수준에서 차이가 있는 것이 확인되었으며, 반대로 서비스 혁신 활동 수준에 따른 서비스 활동 수준의 차이도 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 기술수준의 차이와 서비스 활동 수준 및 서비스 혁신 활동 수준간의 차이는 존재하지 않은 것으로 나타났다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.26 no.11B
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• pp.1501-1509
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• 2001

Recently, the use of wireless communication systems has been rapidly increasing, which results in a difficult problem in efficient control of limited frequency resources. As a way of solving this problem, the ultra wideband time hopping impulse radio system attracts much attention. The impulse radio system communicates pulse position modulated data using Gaussian monocycle pulses of very short duration less than 1 nsec. Thus the transmitted signal has very low power spectral density and ultra wide bandwidth from near D.C. to a few GHz. It is blown that it hardly interferes with the existing communication systems because of its very low power spectral density. The purpose of this paper is to characterize multipath propagation of the impulse radio signal and to evaluate the performance of the correlator-based receiver for the multipath environments. In this paper, we consider the deterministic two-path model and the statistical indoor multipath model of Saleh and Valenzuela. For the two-path model the output of the correlator with the ideal reference waveform varies according to the relative difference between the indirect path delay and the time interval of PPM, and to the indirect path gains. In addition, the characteristics of bit error rates is measured for the two models through computer simulation. The simulation results indicate that the performance of the impulse radio system depends both on the relative difference between the indirect path delay and the time interval of PPM, and on the indirect path gains. Furthermore, it is observed that the reference signal designed for the AWGN channel can not be applied to the multipath channels.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2005

배 경: Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)은 양의 시상하부에서 추출된 신경펩타이드 호르몬으로 난소에도 존재하여 배양된 과립막 세포에서 스테로이드합성과 cyclic AMP 형성을 촉진함이 보고되었다. 목 적: 흰쥐 난소를 실험 모델로 사용하여 배란시 황체화호르몬 (luteinizing hormone; LH)에 의해 유도된 PACAP과 PACAP 수용체의 유전자 발현양상과 신호 전달경로를 규명하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법: 미성숙 흰쥐의 배란전 난포를 체외 배양하면서 LH로 처리하고 PACAP 및 PACAP수용체의 유전자 발현을 보기 위해서는 Northern blot 분석과 in situ hybridization (ISH)을, 그리고 단백질 수준의 PACAP 검색을 위해서는 enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 분석을 이용하였다. 결 과: LH 처리 후 Northern blot상의 PACAP 유전자 발현은 6~9시간에 일시적으로 최고치에 도달하였으며 ISH로 보아 과립막 세포에서 발현됨을 알 수 있었다. ELISA 분석 상 PACAP 단백질도 LH처리 후 6~12시간에 최고치를 나타내었으며, PACAP 수용체 mRNA 역시 3~9시간에 최고치로 과립막 세포에서 발현되었다. Adenylate cyclase (AC) 억제제인 MDL12330A 처리시 LH로 발현된 PACAP mRNA가 감소되며, AC의 활성제인 forskolin 처리에는 LH시와 유사한 PACAP mRNA의 발현양상을 나타내었다. 그러나 protein kinase C (PKC)의 억제제인 chelerythrine과 2-0-tetradecanolphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) 처리로는 PACAP 의 유전자 발현에 영향을 주지 못하였다. 5-lipoxygenase의 억제제인 MK886이나 nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA)로 처리한 결과 LH로 유도된 PACAP 유전자의 발현이 감소되었으나, cyclooxygenase의 억제제인 indomethacin은 별로 영향을 주지 못하였다. MEK와 p38의 억제제인 PD98059와 SB203580도 LH로 촉진 된 PACAP의 유전자 발현을 농도 의존적으로 억제하였다. 결 론 : 배란전 난포에서 PACAP과 PACAP 수용체의 유전자 발현은 모두 LH의 폭발적 분비에 의해 유도되어 일시적으로 과립막 세포에서 나타나 배란을 위한 국소적인 조절 작용을 할 것으로 추정되며, LH로 촉진된 PACAP 유전자 발현을 위한 신호전달은 cAMP-PKA, lipoxygenase 및 MAP kinase 경로를 통하는 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.73-90
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• 2013

Our basic objective in this paper is to identify a relationship among services, technology level, and service innovation activities using service science approach. The empirical tests are two-fold: first, to find out a difference in the level of service innovations, depending on the service levels and vice versa; second, to investigate the relationship between technology level and service activities and between technology level and service innovation activities. The results of the study are as followed: (1) Service innovation activities are different depending on service activities. (2) Service activities are different depending on service innovation activities. (3) Differences between technology level and service activities and between technology level and service innovation activities do not exist. These findings have implications for both research and practice.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.469-487
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• 2007

Grain-Size Trend Analysis is the methodology to identify net sediment transport pathways, based on the assumption that the movement of sediment from the source to deposit leaves the identifiable spatial pattern of mean, sorting, and skewness of grain size. It can easily be implemented with low cost, so it has great potentials to contribute to geomorphological research, whereas it can also be used inadequately without recognition of its limitations. This research aims to compare three established methods of grain-size trend analysis to search for the adequate way of application, and also suggest the research tasks needed in improving this methodology 1D pathway method can corporate the field experience into analyzing the pathway, provide the useful information of depositional environments through X-distribution, and identify the long-term trend effectively. However, it has disadvantage of the dependence on subjective interpretation, and a relatively coarse temporal scale. Gao-Collins's 2D transport vector method has the objective procedure, has the capability to visualize the transport pattern in 2D format, and to identify the pattern at a finer temporal scale, whereas characteristic distance and semiquantitative filtering are controversial. Le Roux's alternative 2D transport vector method has two improvement of Gao-Collins's in that it expands the empirical rules, considers the gradient of each parameters as well as the order, and has the ability to identify the pattern at a finer temporal scale, while the basic concepts are arbitrary and complicated. The application of grain sire trend analysis requires the selection of adequate method and the design of proper sampling scheme, based on the field knowledge of researcher, the temporal scale of sediment transport pattern targeted, and information needed. Besides, the relationship between the depth of sample and representative temporal scale should be systematically investigated in improving this methodology.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.551-564
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• 2016

Earthworks are the fundamental steps in a construction job, and are mainly comprised of smaller tasks performed by construction machinery. The productivity of the construction job can be improved by optimizing excavation, filling, and other such operations. Earthworks involve a lot of mechanical work performed by the collaboration between various kinds of construction equipment, which in turn leads to higher fuel consumption. Actual earthworks depend mostly on the intuition and experience of the driver of the machines, thus leading to inefficiency and environmental problems caused by unnecessary emission of carbon, Recently automated and information-oriented technologies are consistently being researched towards the improvement of efficiency of earthworks in the construction industry. The present research involves the introduction and understanding of the decision-making elements of heuristics which can be applied to the earthwork planning. A method is also suggested for creating an effective work path for construction machine to perform task packages (TP) for cutting and filling processes. A simulation test is performed to verify the effectiveness of suggested methods in terms of space interference and total moving distance of construction equipment.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.176-179
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• 2009

ZnO:Al 투명전도막을 유리기판위에 in-line RF-magnetron sputtering법으로 증착온도 및 증착압력에 따라 제조하고, 습식식각에 따른 박막의 표면형상 및 광학적 특성변화를 조사하였다. 초기박막은 육방정계(Hexanonal wurtzite)의 결정 구조와 (002)면의 c-축 우선배향성을 갖으며 가시광 영역에서 높은 광 투과도(T $\geq$ 80%)와 낮은 비저항($\rho\;=\;5.2{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$)의 특성을 나타내었다. 습식 식각 후 박막의 표면형상은 식각 전 박막의 결정성에 큰 의존성을 보이며 본 연구에서는 1 mTorr의 낮은 증착압력과 $350^{\circ}C$의 높은 증착온도에서 증착된 결정성이 우수한 막에서 높고 균일한 형태의 crater를 갖는 표면형상을 얻을 수 있었다. 균일한 crater를 형성하는 ZnO:Al 박막은 hill 형태의 표면형상을 갖는 상용 Asahi-U glass에 비하여 높은 Haze ($T_{diffused}/T_{total}$)값과 넓은 산란각을 나타내어 향상된 광 산란특성을 갖으며 이는 실리콘 박막 태양전지내로 입사된 광의 산란경로를 증가시켜 태양전지 성능을 크게 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.85-110
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• 2019

This study examines the social problem-solving R&D policies from the perspective of 'Mission-oriented innovation policy'. To this end, we analyzed the 'second science and technology-based social problem solving plan' in terms of civil society's participation, securing the government's dynamic capabilities, and government's risk investments. The plan introduces an institutional framework for civic participation for social problem-solving innovation, strengthening R&D program coordination and integration, and new innovation ecosystem formation. However, there is a need for a concrete program to overcome a path dependency of existing activities. Otherwise new institutions are likely to be formalized. In addition, in order to derive risk investment, it is necessary to integrate innovation policy with social policy fields such as community care and climate change. It is necessary to establish an policy process that combines the agenda of social policy beyond with R & D policy, and to forms a platform for problem solving, integrates various technologies, industries and resources.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.300-308
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• 2024

Urban air mobility (UAM) is emerging as a revolutionary transportation solution to urban congestion and environmental issues. Especially, electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft are expected to enhance urban mobility, reduce traffic congestion, and decrease environmental pollution. However, the successful implementation and operation of UAM systems heavily rely on advanced technological infrastructure, particularly in sensor technology. Among these, 3D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems are essential for detecting obstacles and generating pathways in complex urban environments. This paper focuses on the challenges of developing LiDAR-based perception solutions, emphasizing the importance and performance of object detection capabilities using 3D LiDAR. It integrates LiDAR data processing algorithms and object detection methodologies to experimentally validate the effectiveness of perception solutions that contribute to the safe navigation of aircraft. This research significantly enhances the ability of aircraft to recognize and avoid obstacles effectively within urban settings.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.721-738
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• 2018

Nature of Science(NOS) has been a well-organized focus of science education and one of the key elements in defining and cultivating scientific literacy for more than a century. In recent years, a specific description of NOS, which is often known as 'the consensus view of NOS', has become very influential and has gained ready acceptance as an arrangement for both curriculum building and research into understanding of NOS by students and teachers in many countries around the world. This study has two purposes; one is to review some debates and criticism on the consensus view of NOS which consists of a list of sentences to describe nature of refined and general science, which have been heated up for the last few years by many prominent science education researchers, and the other is to consider alternative perspectives on NOS for the purpose of a new direction of NOS education. As a result of an investigation into such views as 'Teaching about NOS', 'Critical NOS', 'Critical Thinking-NOS', 'Whole Science', 'Features of Science' and 'Reconceptualized Family Resemblance Approach to NOS', some implications which focus on the generality and plurality of content knowledge of NOS based on current philosophy of science and sociology of scientific knowledge are suggested for the improvement of teaching and learning NOS.