• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.21
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2007

The consolidation application of SILRES BS OH 100 was investigated, which has been used for consolidation of the weathered shale. The liquid SILRES BS OH 100 was polymerized by the sol-gel reaction with air moisture, and the XRD patterns showed that the gel was an amorphous solid. The drastic weight reduction of the sample was found by differential thermal analysis, which was followed to the formation of $Si(OH)_4$ particles. After consolidation, the polymerized gel was filled into the voids within the shale. The capillary water absorption of the consolidated shale was reduced to 48.7%, and the abrasive strength was improved.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.178-185
• /
• 1999

For the process control of silicon nitride gelcasting, the composition effect of acryamide system on the viscosity of slip and mechanical property of gelcast green body were investigated. The slip was prepared by ball milling of silicon nitride suspension prepared with acrylamide monomer and polyelectrolyte dispersant after premixing them by attritor. The slip mixed with initiator was vacuum deaired and cast into molds, and then polymerized. The consolidated green body was obtained by drying the gelated slip. The viscosity measument and the diametral compression test was done to evaluate the rheological behaviro of slip and mechanical property of gelcast body, respectively. Experimental results showed that the high solid loading of silicon nitride slip was obtained up to 46 vol% with a low viscosity. The mechanical property of gelcast body mainly increased with increasing the concentration of monomer. The gelcast body was machinable above the ∼3 MPa of tensile strength. The relative density of pressured-sintered body was 98.5% at 1760$^{\circ}C$, 3 h.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.179-184
• /
• 2002

Polymer electrolyte films consisting of poly (vinylidenefluoride-hexafluoro-propylene) (PVdF-HFP) $H_3PO_4$and a mixture of ethylene carbonate(EC), $\gamma$-butyrolactone(BL) and dimethylcarbonate (DMC) were examined in order to obtain the best compromise between high protonic conductivity, homogeniety and dimensional stability. Measurements of differential scanning calorimetry and ionic conductivity have been carried out for various compositions. The highest proton conductivity of 7.3 $\times$$10^{-3}Sm^{-1}$ at $30^{\circ}C$ were obtained for a film of 30(PVdF-HFP) + 50EC/DMC + 20H$_3$PO$_4$. From the thermal study, it has been found that the PVdF-HFP gels are stable up to $80^{\circ}C$, and the $H_3PO_4$ enhances the miscibility of the polymer and the solvent by interacting sensitively with polymer segments.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.830-834
• /
• 2002

본 연구는 동적 전단진동(dynamic shear oscillation) 측정방법을 이용하여 농도가 젤라틴의 동적 레올로지 특성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 관찰하였다. $5^{\circ}C$에서의 젤라틴의 저장 탄성률(storage modulus, G#)과 손실 탄성률(loss modulus, G@)은 농도가 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 0.9%를 제외한 모든 농도(2.0-4.9%)에서 젤라틴의 G#은 G@보다 매우 높은 값을 나타냈으며, G#과 G@이 ${\omega}$ 의존성이 없는 true 겔과 같은 거동을 나타냈다. 젤라틴의 농도와 K#(G#에 대한 절편)와의 관계에서는 높은 결정계수$(R^2=0.99)$를 보여주면서 좋은 상관관계를 나타냈다. 여러 온도범위$(-5,\;0,\;5,\;10^{\circ}C)$에서 각 온도별로 측정된 K#값은 $-5^{\circ}C(59.5Pa)\;>\;0^{\circ}C(4.09Pa)\;>\;5^{\circ}C(1.41Pa)\;>\;10^{\circ}C(0.35Pa)$의 순으로 가장 낮은 온도에서 K#값이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 냉각과정에서 최종냉각온도인 $5^{\circ}C$에서 측정된 젤라틴의 최대 G#수치는 4.9%(2399Pa)>4.1%(1744Pa)>3.0%(1159Pa)>2.0%(519.3Pa)>0.9%(3.15Pa)의 순으로 높은 농도에서 높게 나타났다. Aging 10시간 동안 젤라틴 겔의 구조형성은 겉보기 first-order kinetics로부터 겉보기 구조형성 속도상수(K)를 결정함으로써 파악될 수 있다. 젤라틴의 농도가 증가함에 따라 K값은 증가하였으며, 농도와 K값과의 관계는 높은 결정계수$(R^2)$를 나타내면서 좋은 상관관계를 보여주었다(Fig. 7). 10시간 aging 후 G#은주파수$({\omega})$ 의존성이 없이 독립적인 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 이들 젤라틴 겔은 aging하는 동안에 탄성이 점점 강해지고 10시간 후에는 가교결합의 밀도가 증가하여 강한 탄성을 가진 고무질 망상구조(rubber network)를 형성했음을 알 수 있다.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.382-388
• /
• 2000

Polymer electrolyte films consisting of poly(vinylidenefluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP), LiClO$_3$ and a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and ${\gamma}$-butyrolactone (GBL) were examined in order to obtain the best compromise between high ionic conductivity, homogeniety, dimensional and electrochemical stability. Measurements of ionic conductivity, differential scanning calorimetry and linear sweep voltammetry have been carried out for various compositions. The highest conductivity of 3.8$\times$10$^{-3}$ S$cm^{-1}$ / at 3$0^{\circ}C$ were obtained for a film of 30(PVdF-HFP)+7.8LiClO$_4$+62.2EC/GBL. From the DSC study, it has been found that the PVdF-HFP gels are stable up to 10$0^{\circ}C$, and the salt lowers the melting temperature of crystalline part of PVdF by interacting sensitively with polymer segments. When Lithium metal is in contact with the gel films, it tends to undergo corrosion and the reaction products accumulate resulting in the formation of a passive film on Li electrode. As the aging time progresses, the interfacial resistance increases continuously. Anodic stability is measured to extend up to about 4.5 V vs. Li.

• Composites Research
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2019

In this study, the structural and rheological characterizations of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)/dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) solutions for PAN fiber were investigated according to the change of storage times and temperatures. As a result, PAN/DMSO solutions exhibited a very characteristic rheological behavior with variation of temperature. The solutions showed an increase of complex viscosity and a decrease of loss tangent($tan{\delta}$) as temperature was increased over the temperature range of 40 and $70^{\circ}C$ and it could be seen that the viscosity rapidly increased at low frequency. These results indicated that the gel polymer and denser gel structure were formed due to the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of water in the polymer solution depending on the storage time.

• Composites Research
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.336-340
• /
• 2020

In this study, carbon aerogels (CA) were prepared by sol-gel polycondensation of resorcinol and furfural in isopropanol using hexamethylenetetramine as a catalyst, and then directly drying the organic gels under isopropanol freeze-drying conditions, followed by carbonization under a nitrogen atmosphere. The preparation conditions of the CA were explored by changing the mole ratio of resorcinol to furfural. The effect of the preparation conditions on the pore structure of the CA was studied by nitrogen adsorption isotherms. The characteristics of the CA were studied by scanning and transition electron microscopy, and infrared spectrometry. The accessibility of pores and performance of the CA as an electrode in electric double layer capacitors were also electrochemically investigated. As a result, BET surface area and specific capacitance increased with the molar ratio of resorcinol to catalyst (R/C) ratio; the maximum values of 765 ㎡/g and 132 F/g were achieved at the R/C ratio of 200, respectively. Consequently, it was confirmed that increasing the R/C ratio increased the average pore size of the CA electrode, which improved the rate capability of the system.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.196-201
• /
• 1992

Characteristics on lintnerization of dry type (Suwon 147) and moist type (Hwangmi) sweet potato starches were investigated. Chain distribution of lintnerized starches was also studied by debranching with pullulanase. Hydrolytic patterns of two starches showed two distinct stages and hydrolysis extents of Suwon 147 starch were lower than those of Hwangmi starch. The relative crystallinities of Suwon 147 starches were higher than those of Hwangmi starch. The elution profiles of lintnerized starches were composed of two peaks about degree of polymerization (DP) 25 and DP 15. The elution profiles of debranched samples showed only one peak about DP 15 and peak DP of Suwon 147 lintnerized starch was higher than that of Hwangmi.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
• /
• 2015.11a
• /
• pp.256-257
• /
• 2015

마그네슘 합금은 낮은 비중, 높은 비강도, 주조성 및 절삭가공성, 치수안정성, 내흠집성이 우수한 특성을 지니고 있는 경량금속으로써 우수한 주조성과 상온강도, 연신율을 나타낸다. 최근에는 마그네슘 합금을 사용한 IT 기기의 케이스 및 자동차 내, 외장 부품 등의 제품이 다양하게 출시되어지며 금속 질감의 감성 기능까지 적용시킨 전자 기기 제품에 대한 수요가 급증하고 있는 추세이다. 하지만 마그네슘 합금의 낮은 부식 저항성은 마그네슘 합금을 적용시킨 제품에 큰 단점으로 작용되고 있으며 이를 해결하기 위한 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 플라즈마 전해산화법과 실리카 졸-겔 코팅법을 이용하여 마그네슘 합금의 내부식성을 향상시킴과 동시에 금속질감의 감성 기능을 구현하고자 하였다. 플라즈마 전해산화 공정으로 형성된 산화피막층과 $SiO_2$ 코팅으로 형성된 코팅층의 표면과 단면에 대해서는 FE-SEM(Field emission Scanning Electron Microscope)과 FE-TEM(Field emission Transmission Electron Microscope)으로써 확인하였고 전기화학적 특성 분석을 통한 동전위(Potentiodynamic polarization)와 EIS(Eletrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) 그리고 Salt spray등을 분석하였다.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.85-89
• /
• 2008

Acrylate polymer gel electrolytes containing N-methoxymethyl-N-methylpyrrolidium bis (trifluoro - methansulfonyl) imide (MPSI) as an ionic liquid were synthesized by solution polymerization in the presence of carbonate solvent. ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of the polymer gel electrolytes were investigated by impedance analyzer and universal testing machine as a function of the amount of polymer, and ionic liquid and type of crosslinker. The maximum ionic conductivity of polymer gel electrolytes was 0.8 mS/cm at $25^{\circ}C$ with 15 wt% of polymer, 30 wt% of ionic liquid and 5 wt% of crosslinker. The mechanical analysis showed that the tensile strength of polymer gel electrolytes increased with additional polymer contents and had the maximum value of 0.5 MPa with a reasonable ionic conductivity.