• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.220-229
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• 2009

Strain improvement and morphology investigation in bioreactor cultures were undertaken in suspended cultures of Phellinus linteus mycelia for mass production of protein-bound polysaccharides(soluble ${\beta}$-D-glucan), a powerful immuno-stimulating agent. Phellineus sp. screened for this research was identified as Phellinus linteues through ITS rDNA sequencing method and blast search, demonstrating 99.7% similarity to other Phellinus linteus strains. Intensive strain improvement program was carried out by obtaining large amounts of protoplasts for the isolation of single cell colonies. Rapid and large screening of high-yielding producers was possible because large numbers of protoplasts ($1{\times}10^5{\sim}10^6\;protoplasts/ml$) formed using the banding filtration method with the cell wall-disrupting enzymes could be regenerated in relatively high regeneration frequency($10^{-2}{\sim}10^{-3}$) in the newly developed regeneration medium. It was demonstrated that the strains showing high performances in the protoplast regeneration and solid growth medium were able to produce 5.8~6.4%(w/w) of ${\beta}$-D-glucan and 13~15 g/L of biomass in stable manners in suspended shake-flask cultures of P. linteus mycelia. In addition, cell mass increase was observed to be the most important in order to enhance ${\beta}$-D-glucan productivity during the course of strain improvement program, since the amount of ${\beta}$-D-glucan extracted from the cell wall of P. linteus mycelia was almost constant on the unit biomass basis. Therefore we fully investigated the fungal cell morphology, generally known as one of the key factors affecting cell growth extent in the bioreactor cultures of mycelial fungal cells. It was found that, in order to obtain as high cell mass as possible in the final production bioreactor cultures, the producing cells should be proliferated in condensed filamentous forms in the growth cultures, and optimum amounts of these filamentous cells should be transferred as active inoculums to the production bioreactor. In this case, ideal morphologies consisting of compacted pellets less than 0.5mm in diameter were successfully induced in the production cultures, resulting in shorter period of lag phase, 1.5 fold higher specific cell growth rate and 3.3 fold increase in the final biomass production as compared to the parallel bioreactor cultures of different morphological forms. It was concluded that not only the high-yielding but also the good morphological characteristics led to the significantly higher biomass production and ${\beta}$-D-glucan productivity in the final production cultures.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.115-127
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• 2019

The low-flow grouting injection technique, the target construction method for this study, is a method of pouring mortar into the ground by non-emission replacement principle, which can be expected to increase the density of the ground, and, in some cases, be used as a base file using the strength of the high injection solids, along with low noise, low pollution, and high durability. To verify that the dynamic characteristics of the ground are improved by the low-flow injection technique, the test work was conducted on the site and physical tests were performed, and the quality of the improvement formed in the ground was verified through the indoor test on the core and core recovery rate was analyzed. The density logs test layer calculated the volume density of the ground layer by using the Compton scattering of gamma-rays, and the sonic logs was tested on the ground around the drill hole using a detector consisting of sonar and receiver devices inside the drill hole. As a result of the measurement of the change in physical properties (density and sonic logs) before and after grouting, both properties were basically increased after infusion of grout agent. However, the variation in density increase was greater than the increase in speed after grouting, and the ground density measurement method was thought to be effective in measuring the fill effect of the filler. Strength and core recovery rates were measured from specimens taken after the age of 28 days, and the results of the test results of the diffusion and strength test of the improved products were verified to satisfy the design criteria, thereby satisfying the seismic performance reinforcement.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.5-19
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• 2014

In this study, the structural analysis is performed on the method of shallow block and deep cement mixing pile, and then their characteristics and associated behaviors were analyzed. In the case of continuous beam analysis, the predicted settlement was very small, and shear force and bending stress are somewhat overestimated. The frame method is similar to numerical analysis in the internal force shallow block and long pile, but because the settlement of pile is underestimated, the additional calculation using the reaction of the long pile is necessary. For soil arching method and piled raft foundation method, the excessive axial force of long pile was predicted because the load sharing of pile is very large compared to the other methods. In the behavior of the shallow block and deep pile method, the settlement of shallow block and contact pressure are much in the center than the edge. In the estimating method considering the interaction between improved material and ground, the load sharing of the soil-cement pile ranges from 20% to 45%, and the stress ratio is 2.0~5.0 less than piled DCM. The maximum member forces at the boundary conditions of pile head are similar, but in fixed head the axial force and vertical displacement are different in accordance with pile arrangement.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.809-820
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• 2008

A new modified full scale double tee slabs with the length of nib plate - 1,500 mm were suggested, designed, and experimentally evaluated up to the loading of flexural failure. This slabs were composed of the tee section which was same to original PCI double tee and the plate section which was modified in a new shape, and the prestressing force was applied at the bottom of tee section only. This specimens were made from the domestic precast factory. The safety and serviceability of the modified nib plate with the dapped ends were evaluated up to the ultimate flexural strength of tee section. As the experimental loading increased, the flexural crackings developed first in the bottom of the slab and they changed to the increased flexural shear and inclined shear crackings in the nib and dapped portion of the double tees. The suggested modified double tee slabs failed in ductile above the design loading with many evenly distributed flexural crackings. The thickness of nib plate - 250 mm does not show any cracking under the service loading and show several minor flexural cracking up to the ultimate state of tee portion. The proposed specimens were satisfied with the strength and ductility requirements in the design code provisions in the tests. Additional experimental tests are required to reduce the depth and tensile reinforcement of nib plate concrete for the practical use of this system effectively.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.212-216
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• 2007

과공정 Al-15wt.%Si 합금의 주단조 공정의 적용을 위해 주조 예비성형체를 제작하는 과정에서 P와 Sr을 첨가하여 과공정 Al-Si 합금의 응고과정에서 발생하는 초정 Si과 공정 Si의 미세화 개량처리를 행하였다. 미세화 조직의 변화에 따른 기계적성질 및 단조성을 조사하였으며, 미세화제로 첨가된 0.075wt.% Sr과 0.1wt.% P의 첨가에서 가장 효과적인 미세한 조직을 얻을 수 있었고, 인장강도와 연신율은 이들 첨가원가의 증가에 따라 향상되는 결과를 보였으나 일정 이상의 첨가에서는 더 이상의 향상은 없었다. 단조성 평가를 위한 열간가공 재현실험에서는 $450^{\circ}C$에서 약60N/mm2의 하중이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 열간단조 및 열처리 후의 인장강도와 연신율은 보다 많은 향상을 가져왔으며, 이는 압축가공에 의한 주조 예비성형체 내부에 잔존하던 주조결함의 제어와 열처리에 의한 조직의 개량 및 균질화 효과에 의한 것으로 판단된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.389-409
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• 1990

As a principal design of advanced CANDU fuel bundle, CANDU-KF39, CANDU-KF40 and CANDU-KF43 fuel bundles were proposed and evaluated with respect to the operating conditions of the CANDU-6 reactor of Wolsung Unit-1. From the results, the advanced fuel bundles show to be improved economical and technical benefits compared with the current 37-element bundle. Especially, it was appeared that the KF-39 fuel bundle has more benefits of the safety, technical and economical aspects of Wolsung Unit-1 rather than those of the KF-40 and KF-43 fuel bundles.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.18 no.4 s.70
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• pp.347-360
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• 2005

The fuel rod instability can be occurred because of the axial and cross flow due to the flow anomaly and/or flow redistribution in the lower core plate region of the pressurized water reactor. The fuel rod vibration due to the hydraulic instability is one of the root causes of fuel failure. The verification on the fuel rod vibration and instability is needed for the new fuel assembly design to verify the fuel rod instability. In this study, the fuel rod vibration and stability analyses were performed to investigate the effect of the grid height, fuel rod support condition, and span adjustment on the fuel rod vibration characteristics for the advanced $16{\times}16$ fuel assembly design. Based on the analysis results, the grid height and grid axial elevation of the advanced $16{\times}16$ fuel assembly design were proposed.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.914-921
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• 2010

When industrial structures are constructed on soft ground, ground subsidence is occurred by problems of bearing capacity. To protect ground subsidence have to improve soft ground, and have to predict settlement estimation for reasonable construction. Artificial Neural Networks(ANN) is adopted for prediction of settlement of construction during the initial design. In the study, Artificial Neural Networks are applied to predict the settlement estimation of initial condition ground and ground improved by D.C.M method. Also, this study compares results of Artificial Neural Networks and results of continuum analysis using Mohr-Coulomb models. In result, settlements of initial condition ground decreased over 0.7 times. Also, by comparing ANN and continuum analysis, coefficient of determination was comparatively high value 0.79. Thought this study, it was confirmed that settlements of improvement ground is predicted using laboratory experiment data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.101-105
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• 2005

형광램프의 절전화에 있어서 기본적으로 고려해야 할 점은 램프측의 절전은 램프전력을 감소시키고, 안정기측의 절전은 램프전류를 감소시킴으로써 이루어진다. 형광램프의 절전화에 있어 핵심요소는 봉입기체의 변경, 관경의 세관화 그리고 형광체의 개량에 있다. 즉, 램프 전력을 절감하기 위해 최적의 봉입기체를 선택하도록 하고, 램프전류를 억제하기 위해 관경을 줄이는 한편, 관경의 축소에 따른 형광체의 열화를 막기 위해 3파장 형광체와 같은 새로운 형광체를 사용해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 FPL36W에 대해 전기적 특성시험과 안정기수명시험 및 램프수명말기시험, 저온에서의 온 오프 시험 등을 실시하여 전자식 안정기 성능을 향상시키는 방안을 모색하였다.

• 전기의세계
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.12-24
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• 1990

고분자는 전기장 내에 놓이게 되면 분극현상과 전하주입현상이 일어나며 절연체의 절연수명은 분극현상보다 전하주입에 의해 형성된 공간전하에 의하여 크게 좌우된다. 공간전하에 관한 연구에 있어서 공간전하의 정화한 측정 자체도 어려운 문제인 데, 최근에 개발된 방법인 압력펄스파 방법이 있다. 이 방법은 매우 짧은 폭의 펄스가 절연체를 통과하면서 얻은 공간전하에 관한 정보를 de convolution에 의한 후속신호처리하면 절연체내에 존재하는 전하의 공간분포에 따라서 전체전하량 등을 구할 수 있다. 고전압용 전선에 쓰이는 절연물질에서는 사용되는 전압의 종류에 따라 다른 형태의 문제점이 발견된다. dc절연에 있어서는 전압의 극성이 갑자기 바뀌는 polarity reversal에 의한 절연파괴가, 그리고 ac절연에서는 소위 트리잉 현상이라고 불리우는 전기적인 열화반응에 의한 절연체의 파괴 현상이 중요시되고 있다. 이들 모두 공간전하의 축적이 심할 수록, 그리고 기공 또는 그밖에 전기집중현상을 일으킬 수 있는 요인이 많을 수록 절연체의 절연수명을 급격히 감소한다. 따라서 절연수명을 향상시키기 위하여는 공간전하의 축적을 방지해야 하는데, 여기에는 전기적인 측면에서의 노력과 아울러 고분자 자체의 개량등의 노력도 함께 있어야 한다.