• Composites Research
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.21-26
• /
• 2005

Nondestructive damage sensing and load transfer mechanisms of carbon nanotube (CNT) and nanofiber (CNF)/epoxy composites have been investigated by using electro-micromechanical technique. The electrospun PVDF nanofibers were also prepared as a piezoelectric sensor. The electro-micromechanical techniques were applied to evaluate sensing response of carbon nanocomposites by measuring electrical resistance under an uniform cyclic loading. Composites with higher volume content of CNT showed significantly higher tensile properties than neat and low volume$\%$ CNT composites. CNT composites showed humidity sensing within limited temperature range. CNT composites with smaller aspect ratio showed higher apparent modulus due to high volume content in case of shorter aspect ratio. Thermal treated electrospun PVDF nanofiber showed higher mechanical properties than the untreated case due to crystallinity increase, whereas load sensing decreased in heat treated case. Electrospun PVDF nanofiber web also showed sensing effect on humidity and temperature as well as stress transferring. Nanocomposites and electrospun PVDF nanofiber web can be applicable for sensing application.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.285-290
• /
• 2004

Nondestructive damage sensitivity of carbon nanotube(CNT) and nanofiber (CNF)/epoxy composites with their adding contents was investigated using electro-micromechanical technique. Carbon black (CB) was used only for the comparison with CNT and CNF. The fracture of carbon fiber was detected by acoustic emission (AE), which was correlated to the change in electrical resistance, ΔR under double-matrix composites (DMC) test. Stress sensing on carbon nanocomposites was performed by electro-pullout test under uniform cyclic loading. At the same volume fraction, the damage sensitivity for fiber fracture, matrix deformation and stress sensing were highest for CNT/epoxy composite, whereas for CB/epoxy composite they were the lowest among three carbon nanomaterials (CNMs). Damage sensitivity was correlated with morphological observation of carbon nanocomposites. Homogeneous dispersion among CNMs could be keying parameters for better damage monitoring. In this study, damage sensing of carbon nanocomposites could be evaluated well nondestructively by the electrical resistance measurement with AE.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.10
• /
• pp.4799-4804
• /
• 2013

Green IT technology for the growth of low-carbon green environment and future development of the new technology. Therefore, in this paper, data generated by the security module for RFID applications, smart green building Sung multi-function sensor integrated module that can be integrated environment for building monitoring and management system has been developed. The development of a thermal sensor, temperature sensor, smog sensor, CO2 sensor, O2 sensor, tension sensor and damage detection sensor module with integrated system module integrated multi-functional sensors implemented in the paper. In real-time monitoring by allowing was design and developed system that can be implemented smart green building environment for the environment inside buildings.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2012.02a
• /
• pp.447-447
• /
• 2012

최근 생물전자공학에서 의료 산업 환경 등 많은 분야에 응용 가능한 바이오센서의 연구가 활발해지고 있다. 그 중 의료 분야에서, 수소이온 ($H^+$)의 농도 감지는 인간의 질병을 예측하는데 중요한 지표가 되며 이러한 수소이온 ($H^+$) 농도의 변화를 실시간으로 감지하기 위해 반도체를 기반으로 한 다양한 pH 센서가 제안되었다. Ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET), electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS)는 대표적인 반도체 pH센서로, 작은 소자 크기, 견고한 구조, 빠른 응답속도와 CMOS 공정과의 호환성이 좋다는 장점이 있다. 특히, EIS는 제조공정이 간단하고 감지막의 감지 특성 평가가 용이하기 때문에 지속적으로 연구되고 있는 pH 센서이다. 센서의 감지 특성을 평가함에 있어 감지막의 감지감도와 안정성이 우수해야 하며 이를 위해 high-k 물질이 감지막으로 사용되고 있다. 추가적으로 high-k 물질은 기존의 $SiO_2$와 $Si_3N_4$를 대신하여 높은 유전상수로 인한 고성능, 고감도 센서제작을 가능케 한다. 본 연구에서는, high-k 물질인 $HfO_2$, $Ta_2O_5$, $ZrO_2$, $Al_2O_3$를 각각 $SiO_2$ 완충막에 적층한 이단 감지막을 제작하였고, 그 특성을 기존의 $SiO_2$, $Si_3N_4$ 감지막의 감지특성과 비교하였다. pH 감지 특성을 평가해 본 결과, 기존의 $SiO_2$, $Si_3N_4$ 감지막과 비교했을 때 high-k 물질의 감지막을 갖는 EIS pH 센서에서 감지감도와 안정성 모두 우수하게 나타났다. 특히, high-k 물질 중 $HfO_2$에서 감지감도가 다소 크게 평가되었으나, 화학적 용액에 대한 안정성은 떨어졌다. 반면에 $Al_2O_3$과 $Ta_2O_5$은 화학용액에 대한 안정성 측면에서 최적의 특성을 보임을 확인하였다. 결론적으로, high-k 물질에 대한 전반적인 평가를 통하여 높은 pH 감지감도뿐만 아니라 우수한 안정성의 EIS pH 센서를 제작 할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2005.07c
• /
• pp.2407-2409
• /
• 2005

본 논문에서는 다양한 생물분자 감지를 위한 센서로 마이크로캔틸레버를 제안하였고 이것을 이용해 여러 생물 분자들을 광학적, 전기적으로 분석하였다. 마이로캔틸레버는 표면 미세 가공 기술로 제작되었고, 이러한 제작 방식은 공정이 간단하고 비용이 적게 들며 센서 array가 가능하다는 장점을 갖는다. 생물분자를 포함하는 용액을 주입하기 위하여 PDMS와 fused silica glass를 이용해 fluid cell system을 제작하였다. 마이크로캔틸레버 상단의 gold가 코팅된 부분에서 생물분자의 자기조립 (self assembly)현상이 일어나고 이는 마이크로캔틸레버 상, 하단의 표면 스트레스 차이를 야기 시킨다. 이로 인해 마이크로캔틸레버 자체의 휘어짐 현상이 일어나게 되고 이러한 휘어진 정도를 측정함으로써 마이크로캔틸레버의 생물분자 감지능을 확인할 수 있었다. Cystamine dihydrochloride와 glutaraldehyde 분자를 분석하였고 각기 다른 농도의 cystamine dihydrochloride 용액에서도 실험함으로써 농도별 감지능 또한 확인하였다. 이러한 생물분자 감지를 위한 마이크로캔틸레버의 센서로써의 성능은 u-TAS 와 lab-on-a-chip에서 유용히 이용될 수 있으리라 확신한다.

• Composites Research
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.24-30
• /
• 2010

Interfacial evaluation and hydrophobicity of Ni-nanopowder/epoxy composites were investigated for self-sensing and actuation. Contact resistance and resistivity were measured using gradient micro-specimens. The actuation of the composites in the electromagnetic field was studied with three wave functions, i.e., sine, triangle and square functions. Due tothe presence of hydrophobic domains on the heterogeneous surface, the static contact angle of Ni-nanopowder/epoxy nanocomposite wasabout $100^{\circ}$, which was rather lower than that for super-hydrophobicity. The dynamic contact angle showed the similar trend of static contact angle. Ni-nanopowder/epoxy composite was responded wellfor both self-sensing and actuation in electromagnetic field due to the intrinsic metal property of Ni-nanopowder. Displacement of the actuator of Ni-nanopowder/epoxy composite was evaluated to obtain the maximum and the optimum performance using laser displacement sensor as functions of the wave type, frequency, and voltage. Actuation of Ni-nanopowder/epoxy composites also increased as functions of applied frequency and voltage. Actuated strain increased more rapidly at sine wave with increasing voltage compared to those of triangle or rectangular waves.

• Composites Research
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.68-73
• /
• 2003

Interfacial properties and electrical sensing fer fiber fracture in carbon and SiC fibers/epoxy composites were investigated by the electrical resistance measurement and fragmentation test. As fiber-embedded angle increased, the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of two-type fiber composites decreased, and the elapsed time takes long until the infinity in electrical resistivity. The initial slope of electrical resistivity increased rapidly to the infinity at higher angle, whereas electrical resistivity increased gradually at small angle. Furthermore, both fiber composites with small embedded angle showed a fully-developed stress whitening pattern, whereas both composites with higher embedded angle exhibited a less developed stress whitening pattern. As embedded angle decreased, the gap between the fragments increased and the debonded length was wider for both fiber composites. Electro-micromechanical technique could be a feasible nondestructive evaluation to measure interfacial sensing properties depending on the fiber-embedded angle in conductive fiber reinforced composites.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2008

Self-sensing was evaluated for carbon nanofiber (CNF)/epoxy composites with two different aspect ratios via electro-micromechanical technique and wettability test. Volumetric electrical resistance was measured to evaluate the comparative dispersion degree indirectly and it decreased due to the increase of electric contacts with increasing CNF concentration. The dispersion degree was evaluated indirectly by calculating coefficient of variation (COV) of volumetric electrical resistance. The CNF type A with a high aspect ratio showed better self-sensing than the case of CNF type B with a short aspect ratio. The CNF type B/epoxy composite showed little self-sensing at a concentration higher than 2 vol% probably due to poor dispersion. The apparent modulus of CNF type B was higher than that of CNF type A due to the orientation effect and the high surface area. The thermodynamic work of adhesion was consistent with the result of apparent modulus.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 2011

This paper reports design and demonstration of optical systems for reflective-type remote optical displacement sensors. Optical systems for light illumination sources and a position sensitive detector (PSD) for the displacement sensor were developed to sense displacement of bridges and instability of skyscrapers in a distance range from 10 m to 250 m to an accuracy better than a few mm. Performance of the optical systems was verified by composing a displacement sensor and by using it in measurement of displacement of a remote target with proper reflective optics depending on distance. The displacement sensor was composed of two LED light sources, each with collimating optics, and a two-dimensional PSD with telescope-type optics. Its displacement resolutions was measured to be 0.1 mm at a distance of 10 m and less than 3 mm at a distance of 250 m.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.131.2-131.2
• /
• 2012

태양전파폭발위치감지기(KSRBL)는 단일 안테나 전파분광기로써 미 뉴저지공과대학과의 협력으로 2009년 8월에 한국천문연구원에 개발 설치되었다. 1 MHz 스펙트럼 분해능과 1초의 시간 분해능을 가지고 있고 관측할 수 있는 주파수 대역은 245, 410 MHz 와 0.5-18 GHz에 이르는 광대역이다. 또한 태양 전면 태양 폭발 위치를 감지할 수 있다. 전파 관측은 LabVIEW와 IDL 프로그램에 의해 미리 짜여진 관측 스케줄에 따라 매일 자동으로 진행된다. 데이터 분석을 위해 필요한 플럭스, 안테나, 전파 이득에 대한 눈금조정 작업을 위한 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 2009년 설치이후 지금까지 12개의 이벤트를 관측하였고 그 중 5개의 이벤트를 가지고 관측된 스펙트럼의 모듈레이션 패턴을 분석하여 태양면상에서 전파 폭발의 위치 값을 구했다. Solar Dynamics Observatory(SDO) AIA 이미지와 비교해 KSRBL의 위치감지 성능을 분석하였다.