• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 2011

The antagonistic activities against animal entero-pathogenic bacteria were investigated with 444 natural substances fermented by various probiotics. A white rice product fermented (FWR) by Clostridium butyricum IDCC 9207 with a high growth inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium KCTC 2054 and Escherichia coli O157:H7 was selected. Also, a FWR was shown to suppress 8 among 21 pathogenic bacteria. In a mouse model with salmonella (${\times}10^9$ CFU/mouse) infection, 5 samples (200 ${\mu}{\ell}$/mouse/day) were fed to mice (n = 25) for 18 days. A fermented white rice containing C. butyricum IDCC 9207 (FWRCb9207) among 5 samples significantly inhibited the growth of salmonella, while in the control group (PBS, tetracycline) the number of salmonella increased. And the treatment with FWRCb9207 was found to increase the secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) level in the feces of salmonella-infected mice. The results obtained in this study suggest that a FWRCb9207 might be utilized as a feed additive in pigs and poultry diets.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.852-857
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• 2003

Background: Conventional treatment for mesothelioma is largely ineffective. We evaluated the novel approach of adenoviral gene transfection of PTEN gene in mesothelioma cancer cell lines, inflammatory and epithelial subtype, which are sensitive to adenoviral p53. Material and Method: Binary adenoviral PTEN and LacZ (Ad/GT-LacZ and Ad/GV16) vectors were used for transduction of the mesothelioma cell lines, REN (p53 sensitive). Protein levels were determined by Western blotting assay. Apoptosis was assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis of subdiploid populations. Cell viability was determined with the XTT assay. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance and the Student t test. Result: 72 hours after the treatment of adenoviral PTEN gene, cell killing were 32.9% for REN compared to control cell (2.5%) at MOI of 20. Also we observed the over-expression of proapoptotic protein, bax and decreased expression of bcl-2 protein in REN cells. But the expression of BCL-xl, Bak, Bad proteins were not altered. Conclusion: Adenovirus Pten-mediated overexpression of the Bax gene induces apoptosis and decreased cellular viability in p53-sensitive mesothelioma cells. These data suggest that the transfection of PTEN gene may represent a alternative gene therapy strategy to treat mesothelioma.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2010

During 2008~2009 winter season, yellow patch and gray snow mold occurred on turfgrass plants in golf courses in Kangwon and Jeonbuk provinces, respectively. The fungi associated with the diseases were identified as Rhizoctonia cerealis Van der Hoeven and Typhlua incarnata Lasch ex Fr., based on the morphological characteristics of hyphae and sclerotia. R. cerealis and T. incarnata were pathogenic to most turfgrass and crop species tested. R. cerealis infected crown, stem and leaf tissue of the host plants, and the symptom was light yellow circular patch. Individual infected leaf near the margin of patch developed red color first and finally turn brown. The symptoms caused by gray snow mold pathogen are water-soaked spots, and became a watery soft rot. Infection parts became yellow and then turned brown followed by death of the whole plant. White mycelia were developed on higher petioles, leaves, and on soil where these plant parts lay, and black sclerotia of variable size and shape formed in the mycelial mass. All isolates tested were pathogenic on most turfgrass and crop plants, and significantly different in aggressiveness. Disease severity increased with longer snow cover days on target plants, suggesting that disease severity was expressed over snow cover days. There were significant differences in disease severity among the graminious species, and among cultivars within each species, indicating varying levels of susceptibility to R. cerealis and T. incarnata.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.357-364
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• 2012

This study was conducted to observe the influence of chemical pesticides and environmentally friendly agricultural materials (EFAMs) used in tomato cultivation on the pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana. B. bassiana mycelium didn't grow on PDA media containing 13 fungicides including chlorothalonil and colonies were not formed on PDA media containing 12 fungicides. B. bassiana mycelium grew and colonies were formed on all PDA media containing insecticides and EFAMs, but mycelial growth and colony formation on most PDA media were significantly inhibited compared to the control. The insecticidal activity of B. bassiana against Trialeurodes vaporariorum was decreased when fungicides (polyoxin B, mandipropamid) and EFAMs containing sulfur were added, but insecticides (pyridaben, dinotefuran) and EFAMs originated from plant extracts did not have any influence on the insecticidal activity of B. bassiana. The pathogenicity of a mixture of B. bassiana and polyoxin B against T. vaporariorum was lower than that of B. bassiana alone under greenhouse conditions.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.297-304
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• 1995

To evaluate the feasibility of irradiation as a control measure for metagonimiasis, the metacercariae of Metagonimus yokogcwni were irradiated with gamma ray, either after isolation from the sweetfish (Plecoglossus cltivelis) or in situ of the fish, and their survival and development in rats were observed at 7 days post-infection. The radiation dose varied from 5 to 100 Gy for the metacercaria-irradiation group and from 5 to 500 Gy for fish-irradiation group. The results showed that the worm recovery rate from the irradiation groups decreased as the radiation dose was increased. Higher doses of radiation were required for the fish-irradiation group to obtain the same results as the metacercaria-irradiation group. The LD50 of the metacercaria-irradiation group was 4.5 Gy, whereas that of the fish-irradiation group 6.2 Gy A few number of worms which survived until 7 days in rats were severely retarded especially in the growth of their reproductive organs, j.e., complete or partial failure in the development of testes and formation of uterine eggs . The present study revealed that irradiation of sweetfish by 200 Gy is effective to control infectivity as well as development of M. vokogawai metacercariae in rats.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.721-724
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• 2009

Meningococcal infections can be associated with abnormalities of the complement system, which contains 5 terminal complement proteins. Furthermore, deficiencies in 1 of these 5, complement component 7 (C7), leads to the loss of complement lytic function, and affected patients show increased susceptibility to recurrent meningococcal meningitis and systemic Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. In September 2003, an 11-year-old female patient presented at our outpatient department with high fever, lower leg pain, headache, and petechiaes. She rapidly progressed to coma but later achieved full recovery due to prompt treatment. Her final diagnosis was meningococcal sepsis and arthritis. Her elder brother also had a similar bacterial meningoencephalitis history, which encouraged us to perform analyses for complement component and gene mutations. Resultantly, both the brother and sister were found to have the same mutation in the C7 gene. Subsequently, vaccinations of the meningococcal vaccine meningococcal vaccine ($Menomune^{(R)}$) were administered. However, in September 2006, the brother expired due to acute micrococcus meningoencephalitis. At present, the 16-year-old female patient is healthy. Here, we report a Korean family with a hereditary C7 deficiency with susceptibility to meningococcal infections due to C7 gene mutation.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.760-765
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• 2008

Paragonimiasis is a parasitic infection that occurs following the ingestion of infectious Paragonimus metacercariae from crabs or crayfish. Pulmonary paragonimiasis is the most common clinical manifestation of this infection, but several ectopic paragonimiasis cases have also been reported. Among them, cases of subcutaneous paragonimiasis are rare, especially in children. We report a case of subcutaneous paragonimiasis of the right abdominal wall with pleural effusion with hepatic involvement and without abnormal pulmonary infiltration in a boy aged 2 years and 5 months. He had eaten soybean sauce-soaked freshwater crabs (kejang) 6 months prior to complaining of right abdominal wall distension. On evaluation, right pleural effusion without abnormal pulmonary infiltration was detected, as well as blood eosinophilia, an elevated serum IgE level, pleural fluid eosinophilia and a positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that detected P. westermani antibody in the serum. Thoracentesis, praziquantel administration, and excision of subcutaneous lesions were performed. After treatment, the eosinophil count and serum IgE level were decreased, and the subcutaneous lesions did not recur. The frequency of paragonimiasis has decreased recently, but it is still prevalent in Korea. Paragonimiasis should be suspected if pleural fluid eosinophilia is associated with blood hypereosinophilia and a high level of serum IgE; however clinicians should obtain a thorough history of travel and food habits.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.789-792
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• 2005

We report a case of cat scratch disease (CSD) caused by Bartonella henselae in a 14-year-old boy who developed lymphadenopathy in the right cervical area, after a raising canine pet for 10 months. The cervical lymphadenopathy persisted for 14 days. Immunofluorescent antibody testing for B. henselae with the patient's serum was 1:64 positive. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis using the patient's lymph node aspirates for B. henselae DNA was also positive. This is the first case of cat scratch disease confirmed by PCR for B. henselae DNA in children.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.396-401
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• 2009

Microorganisms or their toxins can be transferred to eggs and cause food poisoning in humans. Therefore, this study was conducted to detect microbial contamination of eggs and to identify microorganisms in any contaminated eggs. Four different brands of eggs were collected from hypermarkets in the northern Gyeonggi area. The total bacterial counts on the shells of the eggs varied greatly between brands. In addition, various bacterial species including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas mendocina, Alcaligenes xylosoxidans, Alcaligenes faecalis, and Enterobacter cloacae were identified on eggshells. Furthermore, mean of total bacterial counts of four brands was $3.4{\times}10^4 cfu/m{\ell}$ and E. coli was detected on the eggshell of one brand egg. However, Salmonella was not identified on all brands of collected eggs. We also demonstrated that the E. coli isolated from the eggshell was not pathogenic based on the absence of pathogen-specific gene expression patterns. Taken together, the result of this study indicate that strict quality control and improved distribution controls are required to decrease microbial contamination and improve human health.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.283-290
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• 1997

A total of 32 human diphyllobothriasis cases have been reported so far in Korea, exclud- ing 21 egg-positive cases from stool examinations. Authors experienced five more human cases of DiphHllobothrium latum infection, especially infected due to eating raw flesh of redlip mullet, Lizc hoematocheiln. Five cases were neighbors residing in the Puchon area, Kyonggi-do, who ate raw mullets (L. hQematocheila) in a party in February 1996. The mul- lets were purchased at the Noryangjin fisheries market in Seoul. All of cases (2 males and 3 females) were 35 to 43 years old and healthy with the body weight range of 56-62 kg. They complained about gastrointestinal trouble and abdominal discomfort, but were in normal ranges of their hematology and urinalysis data. None revealed any sign of anemia The patients experienced natural discharge of a chain of segments before, and showed diphyllobothriid eggs in their stool specimens when they visited our laboratory. They were administered with praziquantel (15 mg/kg of body weight) and 30 g of magnesium sulfate as a purgative. Two whole worms with the scolices (310-340 cm in length; 8-13 mm in width) were expelled each from two out of five cases after anthelmintic treatment, and the others expelled the parts of strobilae without scolex. The worms were identified as D. Ictum, based on the following biological characters. external morphologies, coiling of uterus, the number of uterine loops, position of genital opening, morphologies of cirrus, cirrus sac and seminal vesicle on the histological sections, position of vagina and uterine pore , and microscopical and SEM morphologies of the eggs.