• Title/Summary/Keyword: 감성지표

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Classification of Negative Emotions based on Arousal Score and Physiological Signals using Neural Network (신경망을 이용한 다중 심리-생체 정보 기반의 부정 감성 분류)

  • Kim, Ahyoung;Jang, Eun-Hye;Sohn, Jin-Hun
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.177-186
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    • 2018
  • The mechanism of emotion is complex and influenced by a variety of factors, so that it is crucial to analyze emotion in broad and diversified perspectives. In this study, we classified neutral and negative emotions(sadness, fear, surprise) using arousal evaluation, which is one of the psychological evaluation scales, as well as physiological signals. We have not only revealed the difference between physiological signals coupled to the emotions, but also assessed how accurate these emotions can be classified by our emotional recognizer based on neural network algorithm. A total of 146 participants(mean age $20.1{\pm}4.0$, male 41%) were emotionally stimulated while their physiological signals of the electrocardiogram, blood flow, and dermal activity were recorded. In addition, the participants evaluated their psychological states on the emotional rating scale in response to the emotional stimuli. Heart rate(HR), standard deviation(SDNN), blood flow(BVP), pulse wave transmission time(PTT), skin conduction level(SCL) and skin conduction response(SCR) were calculated before and after the emotional stimulation. As a result, the difference between physiological responses was verified corresponding to the emotions, and the highest emotion classification performance of 86.9% was obtained using the combined analysis of arousal and physiological features. This study suggests that negative emotion can be categorized by psychological and physiological evaluation along with the application of machine learning algorithm, which can contribute to the science and technology of detecting human emotion.

Emoticon by Emotions: The Development of an Emoticon Recommendation System Based on Consumer Emotions (Emoticon by Emotions: 소비자 감성 기반 이모티콘 추천 시스템 개발)

  • Kim, Keon-Woo;Park, Do-Hyung
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.227-252
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    • 2018
  • The evolution of instant communication has mirrored the development of the Internet and messenger applications are among the most representative manifestations of instant communication technologies. In messenger applications, senders use emoticons to supplement the emotions conveyed in the text of their messages. The fact that communication via messenger applications is not face-to-face makes it difficult for senders to communicate their emotions to message recipients. Emoticons have long been used as symbols that indicate the moods of speakers. However, at present, emoticon-use is evolving into a means of conveying the psychological states of consumers who want to express individual characteristics and personality quirks while communicating their emotions to others. The fact that companies like KakaoTalk, Line, Apple, etc. have begun conducting emoticon business and sales of related content are expected to gradually increase testifies to the significance of this phenomenon. Nevertheless, despite the development of emoticons themselves and the growth of the emoticon market, no suitable emoticon recommendation system has yet been developed. Even KakaoTalk, a messenger application that commands more than 90% of domestic market share in South Korea, just grouped in to popularity, most recent, or brief category. This means consumers face the inconvenience of constantly scrolling around to locate the emoticons they want. The creation of an emoticon recommendation system would improve consumer convenience and satisfaction and increase the sales revenue of companies the sell emoticons. To recommend appropriate emoticons, it is necessary to quantify the emotions that the consumer sees and emotions. Such quantification will enable us to analyze the characteristics and emotions felt by consumers who used similar emoticons, which, in turn, will facilitate our emoticon recommendations for consumers. One way to quantify emoticons use is metadata-ization. Metadata-ization is a means of structuring or organizing unstructured and semi-structured data to extract meaning. By structuring unstructured emoticon data through metadata-ization, we can easily classify emoticons based on the emotions consumers want to express. To determine emoticons' precise emotions, we had to consider sub-detail expressions-not only the seven common emotional adjectives but also the metaphorical expressions that appear only in South Korean proved by previous studies related to emotion focusing on the emoticon's characteristics. We therefore collected the sub-detail expressions of emotion based on the "Shape", "Color" and "Adumbration". Moreover, to design a highly accurate recommendation system, we considered both emotion-technical indexes and emoticon-emotional indexes. We then identified 14 features of emoticon-technical indexes and selected 36 emotional adjectives. The 36 emotional adjectives consisted of contrasting adjectives, which we reduced to 18, and we measured the 18 emotional adjectives using 40 emoticon sets randomly selected from the top-ranked emoticons in the KakaoTalk shop. We surveyed 277 consumers in their mid-twenties who had experience purchasing emoticons; we recruited them online and asked them to evaluate five different emoticon sets. After data acquisition, we conducted a factor analysis of emoticon-emotional factors. We extracted four factors that we named "Comic", Softness", "Modernity" and "Transparency". We analyzed both the relationship between indexes and consumer attitude and the relationship between emoticon-technical indexes and emoticon-emotional factors. Through this process, we confirmed that the emoticon-technical indexes did not directly affect consumer attitudes but had a mediating effect on consumer attitudes through emoticon-emotional factors. The results of the analysis revealed the mechanism consumers use to evaluate emoticons; the results also showed that consumers' emoticon-technical indexes affected emoticon-emotional factors and that the emoticon-emotional factors affected consumer satisfaction. We therefore designed the emoticon recommendation system using only four emoticon-emotional factors; we created a recommendation method to calculate the Euclidean distance from each factors' emotion. In an attempt to increase the accuracy of the emoticon recommendation system, we compared the emotional patterns of selected emoticons with the recommended emoticons. The emotional patterns corresponded in principle. We verified the emoticon recommendation system by testing prediction accuracy; the predictions were 81.02% accurate in the first result, 76.64% accurate in the second, and 81.63% accurate in the third. This study developed a methodology that can be used in various fields academically and practically. We expect that the novel emoticon recommendation system we designed will increase emoticon sales for companies who conduct business in this domain and make consumer experiences more convenient. In addition, this study served as an important first step in the development of an intelligent emoticon recommendation system. The emotional factors proposed in this study could be collected in an emotional library that could serve as an emotion index for evaluation when new emoticons are released. Moreover, by combining the accumulated emotional library with company sales data, sales information, and consumer data, companies could develop hybrid recommendation systems that would bolster convenience for consumers and serve as intellectual assets that companies could strategically deploy.

Methodologies to Improve Emotional Image Qualities by Optimizing Technological Image Quality Metrics (기술적인 화질 지표 조절양 최적화를 통한 감성 화질 향상 방안)

  • You, Jae-Hee
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.57-66
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    • 2017
  • Emotional image quality optimization methodologies are investigated using technological image quality controls based on the eye tests of various image samples. The images are evaluated based on various contrast, lightness and saturation image quality metric tone curves. The order of importance to image quality enhancements is contrast, saturation and brightness. The slopes of emotional image qualities with respect to technical image quality metric changes are found to be composed of mathematical function modelling with nearly zero, intermediate and maximum slope regions in general, which can reflect well known log and saturated as well as conventional reverse U shape natures. Image quality improvements are analyzed not only with just single but also with multiple image quality metrics. To ease the unified image quality metric analysis and control, a new function is presented to utilize both the newly found and conventional emotional image quality behaviors. It is found that the overall image quality enhancement can be realized only in a few limited cases of multiple image quality metric controls. It is also found that the kinds of image quality enhancement methodologies are not strongly dependent on image contents (genre).

A Study on Visual and Auditory Emotion under Color and Music Stimuli (색과 음악 자극에 의한 시청각 감성지표에 관한 연구)

  • 김남균;김지훈;유충기
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.19 no.5
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    • pp.539-546
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study is to estimate human emotion quantitatively under colors and music stimuli and to examine the for correlation between color and music sensibility. Physiological signals(electroencephalogram, electrocardiogram, Galvanic skin conductivity and respiration rate) were measured to compare color with music sensibilities. The personality of the subject were investigated using factor analysis and semantic differential method of 20 items(7 interval scaled). The results showed that red, yellow and violets color provoked active and exciting senses mainly as dance, rock and blues music. While blue, cyan and pink colors ware involved in tranquil and resting emotions deeply as classic and ballade music.

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A Study on the Development of a Web based DB system (감성공학 데이터베이스 모델링 및 조회시스템 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 임좌상;김진호;황민철
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.33-40
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    • 2000
  • 감성공학과제에서는 연구보고서, 문헌, 지표, 생체데이터, 감성유발자극 등 많은 자료가 산출되고 있지만 단위연구과제에서 분산, 관리되고 있어 연구자원의 공유가 쉽지 않은 상황이다. 본 연구는 감성공학연구원과 감성응용제품 개발기업으로 사용자를 분류하고 요구분석, 설계 구축 단계를 거쳐 감성데이터베이스를 제작하여 연구자원을 공유할 수 있는 기반을 구축하였다. 데이터베이스 모델에는 연구보고서로부터 추출된 감성지표와 더불어 실험과 관련하여 독립변수, 종속변수, 실험자극, 생체데이터 등에 포함되었다. 이러한 데이터모델을 기초로 감성공학 데이터가 체계적으로 축적되면 사용자 웹에서 원하는 자료를 복합 검색할 수 있게 된다. 감성공학시스템은 사용하기 쉽도록 메뉴를 구성하였고 현재 한국표준과학연구원에서 운용하고 있다.

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Emotion Recognition Method of Competition-Cooperation Using Electrocardiogram (심전도를 이용한 경쟁-협력의 감성 인식 방법)

  • Park, Sangin;Lee, Don Won;Mun, Sungchul;Whang, Mincheol
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.73-82
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    • 2018
  • Attempts have been made to recognize social emotion, including competition-cooperation, while designing interaction in work places. This study aimed to determine the cardiac response associated with classifying competition-cooperation of social emotion. Sixty students from Sangmyung University participated in the study and were asked to play a pattern game to experience the social emotion associated with competition and cooperation. Electrocardiograms were measured during the task and were analyzed to obtain time domain indicators, such as RRI, SDNN, and pNN50, and frequency domain indicators, such as VLF, LF, HF, VLF/HF, LF/HF, lnVLF, lnLF, lnHF, and lnVLF/lnHF. The significance of classifying social emotions was assessed using an independent t-test. The rule-base for the classification was determined using significant parameters of 30 participants and verified from data obtained from another 30 participants. As a result, 91.67% participants were correctly classified. This study proposes a new method of classifying social emotions of competition and cooperation and provides objective data for designing social interaction.

An Analysis of Relationship between Self-Reported Anxiety, Depressiveness and Parametors of Heart rate variability based on Photoplethysmography (불안 및 우울에 대한 주관적 설문평가 지표와 맥파 신호 기반의 심박변이도 요소들 간의 상관관계 분석)

  • Lee, Chung-Ki;Yoo, Sun-Kook
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.345-354
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study is finding alternative parameters of the HRV so as to minimize the subjective errors by STAI and BDI, could be have two types of significant correlation levels depending on normalized method. Particularly, the LF/HF presented as the quantitative physiological parameter that can reflect both state-anxiety and trait-anxiety.

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A Study on the Trend of Development of Simulators (시뮬레이터 개발 현황에 대한 연구)

  • 임현균;김진호;박수찬;윤정선
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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    • 1999.11a
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    • pp.343-347
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    • 1999
  • 본 연구에서는 웹 기반 감성데이터베이스구축 및 보급을 위한 연구의 일환으로 G72단계 연구결과 보고서에서 제시된 시뮬레이터 관련자료와 현재 인터넷에 등록된 시뮬레이터에 대한 자료들을 조사, 정리하고, Web 상에서 정보제공을 하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 본 연구에서 제시하는 자료들은 1995년부터 1998년까지 수행된 '선도기술 개발사업(G7)의 2단계 연구의 주요 결과에 대한 지표화 및 보급을 위한 연구' 수행 중에 획득한 자료를 중심으로 정리되었다. 이들 지표 가운데에서 시뮬레이터에 관련된 소개물 및 Web site에 대한 연구결과가 1차적으로 정리되었고, 보다 많은 정보를 지원하기 위해 인터넷에서 시뮬레이터에 관련된 site가 keywords로 검색되어 정리되었다. 감성공학 2 단계 연구에서 시뮬레이터의 개념은 종합적 감성측정평가를 하기 위한 통합적 의미의 시뮬레이터이며, 일본의 HQL (Research Institute of Human Engineering for Quality Life) 연구소의 시뮬레이터가 이것과 가장 근접한 형태라고 할 수 있다. 그 외의 시뮬레이터들은 통합 시뮬레이션 보다는 각각의 목적에 맞추어 제작, 개발된 형태가 주를 이루고 있었다. 본 고는 현재 http://www.gamsung.or.kr 내의 '감성도서관'에서 제공하고 있는 시뮬레이터 관련 사이트에 대한 전반적인 소개와 세부항목에 대한 내용을 중심으로 기술하였다.

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Standardization and Comparison of Presentation Technology of Thermal Environments (열환경 요소의 지표화 및 제시기술간의 비교연구)

  • 이동춘;윤훈용;이상도;우동필;장준혁;신현숙;신종화;임기용
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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    • 1999.11a
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    • pp.352-355
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    • 1999
  • 실내에서 대부분의 시간을 보내는 현대인들에게 있어 쾌적한 실내환경은 작업의 효율성을 증대시킬 뿐만 아니라, 건강의 유지나 에너지 절약 차원에서 매우 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 국가에서도 감성공학 기반기술 개발 사업에서 쾌적한 실내 환경을 구현하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 연구의 결과들을 이용하여 쾌적한 실내환경을 구현하기 위한 요소를 지표화하였고, 결과 및 관련 내용을 비교ㆍ분석하였다. 그러나 지표화 과정에서 각 과제별 연구의 진행이 상호 독립적으로 이루어져 연구의 일관성이 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 개별 과제의 연구 진행과정에서 상호연관성을 가진 부분이 실험계획이나 방법이 미흡해 결과에 대한 신뢰성 저하는 물론이고, 데이터 베이스 구축을 위한 자료통합에도 상당한 문제가 있을 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 관련 연구과제 수행자들간의 적극적인 정보교류는 물론이고 지표의 타당성을 검증하는 실험도 필요할 것으로 보인다.

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Development of Parameter for Measuring Quantitative Engineering Ergonomics Character (정량화된 감성지표 측정을 위한 파라미터 개발)

  • Yoo, Byong-Wook;In, Jun-Hwan;Kim, Seung-Keyum;Kim, Chang-Seok
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.79-88
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    • 2000
  • In this paper, assuming the ergonomics estimate index parameter from the evoked potential of the object stimulation by the continuance time and the amplitude of the ergonomics, the continuance time and the amplitude of the ergonomics were estimated by applying the Prony model to ergonomics. As a result of analyzing ergonomics, band characteristics could be classified, ergonomics of the impatient, rage and fear could be classified by assuming the continuance time and the amplitude of ergonomics, the estimated parameter could be practicable to the ergonomics estimate index.

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