• 대한치과교정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.74.2-74.2
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• 1998

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2008

Treatment of adult patients with Class III malocclusion frequently requires a combined orthodontic and surgical approach. However, if for various reasons, nonsurgical orthodontic treatment is chosen, a stable outcome requires careful consideration of the patient's biologic limitation. This case presents the orthodontic treatment of an adult with a Class III malocclusion, which was treated nonsurgically using indirect skeletal anchorage.

• 대한치과교정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.81.3-82
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• 2001

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.913-921
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• 1989

This paper deals with a pole placement indirect adaptive control algorithm for discrete-time linear plants with arbitrary zeros. The resulting closed-loop control system is shown to be globally stable subject to the assumptions that an external input is persistently exciting and a lower bound on the magnitude of the Sylvester resultant of the plant numerator and denominator polynomials is known. The problem of controllability of the plant estimate in indirect adaptive control is handled by using an extended parameter correction. The validity of the proposed control algorithm is assured through simulation for a second-order plant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.769-776
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• 2018

According IEC 60601-1 ed3.1 and IEC 60601-2-45 regulation, diagnostic X-ray equipment should be display to measured and calculated air kerma area product. On the clinical X ray equipment, air kerma area product dosimeter would like to have an evidence for dosimeter accuracy and energy dependency. This study was performed to indirect calibration and energy dependency test for attached type air kerma area product (KAP) dosimeter by RQR standards beam quality. On the RQR5 beam quality, attached KAP dosimeter error showed -7.5%, respectably. On the RQR9 beam quality, attached KAP dosimeter error showed -10.4%, respectably. All RQR beam quality, average absolute error was $8.30%{\pm}2.85%$, respectably. On this study, attached KAP dosimeter was satisfied to IEC 60580 and AAPM TG 190. This calibration method of KAP dosimeter will help to performance maintain for clinical KAP dosimeter.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.378-386
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• 2002

Multi-path ultrasonic Sow measurement system uncertainty is determined by assigning an expected error of each component of flow measurement and then defining the total flow measurement uncertainty as square root of the sum of squared values of the individual error. Sources of uncertainty for flow measurement are geometry, transit time and velocity profile integration uncertainty. A theoretical uncertainty model for multi-path ultrasonic transit time flowmeter configured with parallel 5 chords, is derived from and calculated by dry calibration method.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.393-401
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• 2009

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets and microleakage of a tooth-adhesive-bracket complex bonded with a direct and an indirect bonding technique after thermocycling. Methods: Fifty non-carious human premolars were divided into two equal groups. In the direct bonding group a light-cured adhesive and a primer (Transbond XT) was used. In the indirect-bonding group, a light-cured adhesive (Transbond XT) and chemical-cured primer (Sondhi Rapid Set) were used. After polymerization, the teeth were kept in distilled water for 24 hours and thereafter subjected to thermal cycling (500 cycles). For the microleakage evaluation, 10 teeth from each group were further sealed with nail varnish, stained with 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 hours, and examined under a stereomicroscope. Fifteen teeth from each group were used for SBS testing with the universal testing machine and adhesive remnant index (ARI) evaluation. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test. Results: There were no statistical differences on SBS and microleakage between the two bonding techniques. The indirect bonding group had a significantly lower ARI score. Bracket failures were obtained between enamel-resin interfaces. Conclusions: The type of bonding technique did not significantly affect the amount of microleakage and SBS.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.376-387
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the three dimensional changes of tooth movement using four different types of maxillary molar distalization appliances; pendulum appliance (PD), mini-implant supported pendulum appliance (MPD), stainless steel open coil spring (SP) and mini-implant supported stainless steel open coil spring (MSP). Methods: These experiments were performed using the Calorific $machine^{(R)}$ which can simulate dynamic tooth movement. Computed tomography (CT) images of the experimental model were taken before and after tooth movement in 1 mm thicknesses and reconstructed into a three dimensional model using V-works $4.0^{TM}$. These reconstructed images were superimposed using Rapidform $2004^{TM}$ and the direction and amount of tooth movement were measured. Results: The mean reciprocal anchor loss ratio at the first premolar was 17 - 19% for the PD and SP groups. The appliances using mini-implants (MPD or MSP) resulted in less anchorage loss (7 - 8%). On application of a pendulum appliance or MPD, distalization was obtained by tipping rather than by bodily movement. Furthermore, the maxillary second molar tipped distally and bucally. But on application of MSP, distalization was achieved almost by bodily movement. Conclusions: Regarding tooth movement patterns during molar distalization, stainless steel open coil spring with indirect skeletal anchorage was relatively superior to other methods.

• 건강소식
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.12-13
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• 2015

위암 예방의 핵심은 위암의 발병 위험을 낮추고, 선별검사를 통해 위암을 조기 발견하는 것이다. 이 중에서도 암을 예방하는 생활습관은 지속적으로 우리 몸에 영향을 주기 때문에 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 생활습관의 교정에 의한 암 예방 효과를 의학적으로 규명하기는 매우 어렵지만 식이요법을 포함한 활발한 신체활동, 규칙적인 운동, 금연 및 간접흡연 회피 등의 생활습관이 암을 예방하는 데 도움이 된다는 이야기는 전문의들 사이에서 계속돼오고 있다.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.43 no.12
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• pp.1113-1118
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• 2007

중환자에서 조직의 저산소증을 확인하고 교정하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 혈중 젖산측정은 30년 이상 인의에서 조직의 산소화를 위한 간접적인 측정방법으로 이용되었다. 그러나 수의에서는 최근에 많이 이용되고 있는 방법이다. 비싸지 않은 간이 젖산 측정계로 중환자의 젖산을 연속적으로 모니터하는 것이 수의 응급실 및 전문병원(referral center)에서 상용화되고 있다. 수의 환자에서 혈중 젖산 측정은 질병의 심각도를 결정하고 치료 결정을 조절하는데 유용한 보조 수단이다.