• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2012

Reye syndrome is a rapidly progressive encephalopathy with hepatic dysfunction, which often begins several days after apparent recovery from a viral illness, especially varicella or influenza A or B. Salicylate use was identified as a major precipitating factor for the development of Reye syndrome. With the recommendation to avoid use of salicylates in children, Reye syndrome has virtually disappeared in recent years. We report a case of Reye syndrome in a 5-month-old infant who had been treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin under the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease, and showed symptoms of sudden onset of irritability, rigidity, decreased activity, vomiting, poor appetite, lethargy, liver dysfunction without jaundice, coagulopathy, and hyperammonemia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.95-104
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• 2012

Objectives: There are some controversies over the safety of herbal medication in relation to liver function. This report, therefore, aimed to analyze the safety issue of herbal medications by scrutinizing the liver function tests (LFT) results of 82 psoriasis patients on herbal medications for 3 months at an oriental medical clinic. Methods: We tested psoriasis patients' liver function periodically with Reflotron Plus of Roche during the herbal medication. Then we statistically analyzed the LFT results to see if there was any negative change. Results: Statistical analysis on the LFT results of 82 psoriasis patients showed no meaningful change caused by herbal medication over 3 months. Conclusions: From this result we conclude that herbal medication for 3 months does no harm to patients' liver function.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.57-61
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• 2002

The activities of phase I enzymes in the liver of mice were examined following the intragastric application of Cnidium officinale Makino aqua-acupunture solution (COMAS). Treatment of mice with COMAS resulted in decreases of cytochrome P450 1A1-dependent ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylation and cytochrome P450 2E1-dependent p-nitrophenol and aniline hydroxylation activities. These findings suggest that COMAS has chemopreventive potential by inhibiting cytochrome P450 1A1 and cytochrome P450 2E1 activities in mice.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.83-90
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• 2005

Objectives : To investigate the effects of acupuncture at Gansoo (B-18) and Chungwan (CV-12) on lipid metabolism in rats fed peroxidized lipid diet. Methods : Effects of acupuncture at Gansoo and Chungwan on plasma and liver lipid composition and antioxidative capacity were investigated in rats fed peroxidized lipids. Results : Although the level of plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride showed a tendency to decrease in the acupuncture group, the plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration showed no significant difference. The level of liver total cholesterol and triglyceride showed no significant difference in all treatment groups. Thiobarbituric acid( TBARS ) values in plasma and liver showed a tendency to decrease in the acupuncture groups. The plasma GOT and GPT activities showed low values in the acupuncture groups. The liver glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity showed high values in the acupuncture groups. Conclusions : The results suggest that acupuncture at Gansoo (B-18) and Chungwan (CV-12) may have an influence on lipid metabolism via enhancing antioxidative capacity.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.110-119
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• 2003

The purpose of the present study was to kinetically investigate the carrier-mediated uptake in the hepatic transport of organic anions, and to simulate the ″in vivo counter-transport″ phenomena, using kinetic model which was developed in this study. The condition that the mobility of carrier-ligand complex is greater than that of free carrier is not essential for the occurrence of ″counter-transport″ phenomenon. To examine the inhibitory effects on the initial uptake of a ligand by the liver, it is necessary to judge whether the true counter-transport mechanism (trans-stimulation) is working or not. The initial plasma disappearance curves of a organic anion were then kinetically analyzed based on a flow model, in which the ligand is eliminated only from the peripheral compartment (liver compartment). Moreover, ″in vive counter-transport″ phenomena were simulated based on the perfusion model which incorporated the carrier-mediated transport and the saturable intracellular binding. The ″in vivo counter-transport″ phenomena in the hepatic transport of a organic anion were well demonstrated by incorporating the carrier-mediated process. However, the ″in vivo counter-transport″ phenomena may be also explained by the enhancement of back diffusion due to the displacement of intracellular binding. In conclusion, one should be more cautious in interpreting data obtained from so-called ″in vivo counter-transport″ experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 1976

The crystal structure of alicylaldehyde-4-piperidinothiosemicarbazone, $C_{13}H_{l7}N_3OS$, has been determined by single crystal X-ray analysis. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group $P2_12_12_1$, with unit cell dimensions a = 6.52(2), b = 13.42(4), c = 14.92(4)${\AA}$. There are four formular units in a unit cell. The structure was solved by the heavy atom method and refined by isotropic block diagonal least-squares methods to a final R value of 0.10 for 1019 observed reflections. The oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group is involved in two hydrogen bonds, one as donor in the intramolecular O-H${\cdots}$N hydrogen bond and the other as acceptor in the intermolecular N-H${\cdots}$O hydrogen bond, the distances of the hydrogen bonds 2.56 and 3.00${\AA}$ respectively.The molecules are joined into infinite columns by the N-H${\cdots}o$O hydrogen bonds which form spirals along the two fold screw axis parallel to the a axis. The molecular columns are held together by van der Waals forces.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.138-147
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• 2010

Nematicidal activity against pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, was tested in the pot and field by the treatment of microbial formulation after media optimization. The optimized media composition was glycerol 10 g, soybean meal 10 g, NaCl 1 g, $CaCO_3$ 2 g, $K_2HPO_4$ 0.125 g per liter and microbial complex formulation was made with liquid and powder type. Most effective antibiotics against symbiotic microorganism with nematode, kanamycin, was added to the formulation. The control effects against pine wood nematodes were checked by pot test and field test. In the result of treatment by trunk injection, five times treatment was more effective than one time and the treatment with the formulation of concentrated culture supernatant was the most effective in the nematicidal activity showing below 10% mortality in pine tree.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.289-300
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• 1992

The counter-transport phenomena in the hepatic transport of 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) were kinetically investigated by analyzing the plasma disappearance-time profiles and the transport into the isolated hepatocytes. In vivo "counter transport phenomena" were simulated based on the perfusion model which incorporated the carrier-mediated transport and the saturable intracellular binding. The condition that the mobility of carrier-ligand complex is greater than that of free carrier is not essential for the occurrence of counter-transport phenomenon. To examine the inhibitory effects on the initial uptake of a ligand by the liver, it is necessary to judge whether the true counter-transport mechanism (trans-stimulation) is working or not. The initial plasma disappearance curves of ANS were then kinetically analyzed based on a two-compartment model, in which the ligand is eliminated only from the peripheral compartment (liver compartment). No effects on the initial plasma disappearance rates of ANS were observed after preloading of bromophenol blue (BPB) or rose bengal (RB) in the liver. Inhibitory effect of BPB or RB on the initial uptake (or efflux) rates of ANS by the isolated hepatocytes were not observed, suggesting that the true counter transport mechanism is not working. In conclusion, checking the preloading effects of transstimulation on the initial uptake of a ligand by the liver could be a useful criterion for carrier cycling and common use of the same carrier between two ligands. However, one cannot exclude those possibilities even if the preloading effects cannot be observed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.33-43
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• 2011

The Korean academics of classical learning, Seowon which from the middle of Joseon Dynasty was complexly reflected in "the illustration of Taiji(太極圖說)" Five-Elements school(陰陽五行說), "Zhou Yi(周易)" and a theory on spherical heaven and square ground(天圓地方) which based on orientalism. Also the theory of Xiangshu Xue(象數學) was a significant factor to decide the size(number of facade module) of Seowon architecture. So, in this study, how the oriental thought was adopted and reflected in existing 21 Seowon in South Korea. The size of Seowon architecture was adopted a theory of combination with heaven, earth and human(天地人三合論) that based on the theory of Xiangshu Xue on "the illustration of Taiji" and "Zhou Yi". "Zhou Yi" was the central thought of Confucian culture in Joseon Dynasty, with which Seowon space was divided into two, ancestral rites space and lecture space. It coincides with balance of yin(陰) and yang(陽), Five-Elements(五行) and four seasons(四季節). In lecture space, lecture hall is relevant with the water(水) and winter, and front tower structure or outer three-door is the fire(火) and summer. Also, central garden means the soil(土) and center. Thus, the size and spatial composition was planned with the philosophy, "the illustration of Taiji", Five-Elements school and a theory on spherical heaven and square ground. Yin and yang has an idea of the heaven and earth, and Five-Elements has an idea of direction and season with which spatial composition of Seowon could be set. And the numeral meaning on the theory of Xiangshu Xue established an ideal background for spatial composition of Seowon architecture.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.39-46
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• 1990

This paper was analized the thermal conductivity of polystylene (TENSAR- GEOGRID) embeding into the subbase through frost penetration depth, frost heave, change of bearing capacity, and soil moisture movement due to freezing, thawing and icing actions, and their results were as follows : 1.The change of temperature into the sub-base was much increased by the Tensar-Geogrid insertion, and the frost penetration and frost heave were decreased as the thinner of the insulation thickness but the thawing velocity of melting period was appeared to be faster in case of non-insulated. 2.The frost heave had a close relationship with the thickness of insulations which was reasonably included anti-frost effects. 3.The moisture content during the freezing period of upper layer of the insulation insertion was increased by 15 per cent but it was returned to initial state of the thawing period, and at the down layer temporarily increased by 10 per cent and returned to the original state at once. 4.The insulation was acted as a function of distribution of surcharge, and the settlement of the sub-base was about 1.5 mm under 15 tonnage of load and which was included within the allowable limits. 5.The sliding resistance due to the icing which was induced by the insulation insertion into the sub-base was appeared as more 40 per cent than noninsulation area, so that the insulations should be restricted on the place such as mountains, curved and cross area which were required the braking power under the traffics.