• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2002

This study was investigated the anti-angiogenic activities of Cnidium officinale Makino and Tabanus bovinus by using Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and rat cornea. First experiment, the fertilized chicken eggs were kept in a humidified egg incubator at $37^{\circ}C$. After 4 days incubation, about 3 ml of albumin was aspirated from eggs with an hypodermic needles through a small hole drilled at the narrow end of the eggs, and the shell membrane on the floor of the air sac was peeled away. Embryos with chorioallantois of 3~5 mm in diameter were employed for the assay of antiangiogenic activity. Retinoic acid was used as a positive control for this experiment. After 48 h of treatment. branching pattern of blood vessels below coverslip containing retinoic acid ($10{\mu}g/egg$) was dramatically decreased. A simiar angiogenic inhibition was observed in the CAM treated with $50{\mu}g/egg$ of Cnidium omcinale Makino and Tabanus bovinus extracts. Second experiment, rat corneal neovascularization was induced by suturing (one stitch) the cornea with 10-0 nylon, and terramycin was applied on the cornea for I week to prevent corneal inflammation. In the cornea of rats untreated with herbal extracts, numerous vessels were usually seen invading the cornea by day 2 or 3 after suture, and reaching the lesion area within 5~6 days. Corneal neovascularization was gradually increased and peaked at 3 weeks. In contrast to this, herbal extracts conspicuously inhibited the angiogenesis, Oral administration of herbal extracts (20 mg/kg body weight/day) for 4 weeks significantly inhibited the rat corneal angiogenesis induced by suture, and the length of blood vessels in herbal medicine-treated rat cornea was conspicuously lower than that in control animals. A similar phenomenon was also observed in the rat cornea treated with thalidomide (200 mg/kg body weight/day). These findings indicate the anti-angiogenic properties of Cnidium officinale Makino and Tabanus bovinus, suggesting that these properties may be one of the pharmacological mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor and anti-metastatic activities of herbal extracts tested in this study.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.161-169
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• 2008

Purpose: To better understand the corneal regeneration after alkali burn regarding the initial clinical progression and the therapy, we investigated the changes of the multi factors following chemical injury in cornea. Methods: This study was performed to observation on the healing process of alkali burned cornea in aspect of immunohistochemistry by immunofluorescence or H-E staining and TUNEL assay. Results: The results showed that although a healing process occurred after alkali burn, apoptosis of epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells in the cornea was continuously observed. Neovascularization and expression of ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin (${\alpha}$-SMA) from limbus and from injured cornea, respectively, were observed after 3 days of alkali burn. Formation of collagen III in corneal stroma and increased expression of chondroitin sulfate are coincident with expression of ${\alpha}$-SMA and transforming growth factor-${\beta}$ (TGF-${\beta}$). Conclusions: These data suggest that medical treatment within 3 days of alkali burn will be effective to inhibit neovascularization and formation of collagen III and chondroitin sulfate. This study extends our immumohistochemical understanding of healing process in alkali burned cornea, and the results get in this study will be cornerstones in the development of therapeutic agent for accelerating renewal of chemical damaged cornea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the antiangiogenic effects of As₄O/sub 6/ to those of As₂O₃ on the rat corneal micropocket model induced by VEGF. 20 ng VEGF impregnated pellets were used for angiogenic inducer on the rat cornea micropocket assay in this study. After ophthalmoscopic examination, Sprague-Dawley rats with normal cornea were implanted VEGF pellet. Total 60 eyes were used in this study. Control group only received VEGF pellet, As₂O₃ group followed oral administration of As₂O₃ at a dose of 50 mg/kg per day after VEGF pellet implantation and As₄O/sub 6/ group followed oral administration of As₄O/sub 6/ at a dose of 50 mg/kg per day after VEGF pellet implantation were classified. The eyes were examined under a surgical microscope daily on postoperative from day 3 to day 9 after pellet implantation. The number, length, clock hour of vascularization, and area of vessels in As₄O/sub 6/ group were significantly less evident than those of control group and As₂O₃ group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, As₄O/sub 6/ had better antiangiogenic effects on the new vessel induced by VEGF in the rat cornea.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.21 no.6 s.101
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• pp.439-443
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• 2006

Biocompatibility and tissue regenerating capacity are essential characteristics in the design of collagenous biomaterials for tissue engineering. Attachment of glycosaminoglycans to collagen may add to these characteristics by creating an appropriate micro-environment. In this study, porous type I collagen matrices were crosslinked using dehydrothermal treatment and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide, in the presence and absence of chondroitin sulfate (CS). The scaffold like discs in 3 mm diameter were inserted into the intralamellar stromal pockets of rabbit cornea. In 8 weeks of follow up, clinical evaluation including corneal neovascularization, opacity and transparency of the graft scaffold was performed, and the inflammatory reaction and migration of corneal fibroblast were evaluated histologically. No inflammation, neovascularization and opacity in any of the implant were observed. CS increased the corneal fibroblast invasion and the transparency. It is concluded that the type I collagen sponge showed a biocompatibility in corneal stromal layer and addition of CS slightly improved the quality of the bioartificial corneal stromal layer. These results could be useful for the development of corneal substitutes.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.533-537
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• 2011

A 13-year-old, female, Shih-tzu and a 10-year-old, female, Yorkshire terrier were presented with ulcerative keratitis caused by corneal endothelial degeneration. Generalized corneal edema, conjunctival hyperemia, focal corneal pigmentation, corneal neovascularization, sub-epithelial bullae, and positive fluorescein staining were observed during ophthalmic examinations. Thermokeratoplasty was performed on the overall edematous corneas. Healing of the cornea was completed within 25 days and corneal ulceration has not recurred after healing of the cornea in both cases. Other ocular complications were not observed except for a slight increase in corneal pigmentation. According to this study, thermokeratoplasty could be an effective treatment for corneal ulceration secondary to corneal endothelial diseases in dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.309-313
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to determine whether immunosuppresant, rapamycin could inhibit corneal angiogenesis induced by angiogenin and to evalutate the its role by micropocket assay. The rabbit's eye was implanted intrastromally into the superior cornea with pellet for the control group, pellet containing of angiogenin for the angiogenin group, and pellet containing of angiogenin and rapamycin for the rapamycin group. We could observed that the angiogen induced corneal angiogenesis was inhibited by rapamycin. The score of neovascularization was significantly decreased in the rapamycin group than in the angiogenin group at 7 and 10 days after pellet implantation (p < 0.05). Histologically, the cornea treated with rapamycin group also showed much less new vessels than the cornea treated with angiogenin. In conclusion, rapamycin appears to inhibit angiogenin induced angiogenesis in a rabbit corneal micropocket assay and may have therapeutic potential as an antiangiogenic agent.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2000

We performed refraction, keratometry, slit lamp biomicroscopy. We selected 58 current spherical RGP lens wearers for this three-month study. All patients exhibits at least 0.75D of corneal astigmatism measured with the keratometer, and 37 patients had corneal astigmatism of 1.50D or greater. At least follow-up visit, we measured Snellen acuity with lenses, and performed overrefraction, overkeratometry and slit lamp biomicroscopy. We charted lens position, movement and surface quality. During the three month, biomicroscopy revealed no corneal edema and neovascularization on any patients. Fluorescein staining were 52 patients case of grade 0.5 patients case of grade 1, and 1 patient case of grade 2. In evaluating post-fit residual cylinder, on overrefraction as a percentage of refractive cylinder. By the initial visit, one-week visit, one-month visit, and two-month visit are 41%, 34%, 29%, respectively. In this data, we knew no change after one month. The average overrefraction for these eyes in absolute diopters is 0.26D(initial visit), 0.22D(one-week visit, 0.17D(one-month visit), and 0.16D(two-month visit). The use of a regimen containing a dedicated daily cleaner was more effective in maintaining patient comfort and lens cleanliness than was the use of a regimen containing only a multipurpose solution.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.324-328
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• 2001

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of $AS_2O_3$ upon antiangiogenesis in rat cornea, to examine it\`s possible application as an anticancer drug and to provide basic data for further studies of antiangiogenetic mechanism of $AS_2O_3$ . Angiogenesis was induced by cornea micropocket assay, as previously described. Sixteen of forty-eight eyes of Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups, namely, only a bFGF group(control group), and a group treated by $AS_2O_3$ ($AS_2O_3$ group). After pellet implantation, we measured the number of new vessels, vessel length and clock hour of neovascularization, and area of neovascularization was determined using a mathematical formula. New vessels growing began at day 3, number of vessels in $AS_2O_3$ group were significantly more less than those in control group (p<0.05). The length of vessels of $AS_2O_3$ group was significantly shorter than that of control group after day 3(p<0.05). The clock hours of all group were slowly increased at all days but $AS_2O_3$ group was inhibited more than control group. Neovascularization areas of $AS_2O_3$ group were more significantly inhibited than those of control group (p<0.05). This study showed that $AS_2O_3$ had powerful antiangiogenetic effects and it would be useful in the choice of anticancer drug.