• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.663-674
• /
• 2011

Two experiments were conducted to examine how additional dotted lines and peripheral stimulus to the caf$\grave{e}$ wall illusion affect on the degree of perceived tilt (amount of illusion) and confidency of illusionary perception. The experiment 1 tested the effects of adding mortar (solid line) and bright contrast dotted lines to the borderline of 3 layers of blocks, which are consisted of black and white blocks. On the experiment 2, effects of adding peripheral stimulus on caf$\grave{e}$ wall illusion were tested. The results of experiment 1 showed that adding dotted line on the borderline mortar between blocks has additive effects on confidency of illusory perception. However, no effect on perceived amount of illusion was noted. On the other hand according to the results of experiment 2, adding blocks did increase amount, but not confidency of illusory perception. These results imply that the perception of caf$\grave{e}$ wall illusion is related with response of orientation selective neurons.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.34 no.8
• /
• pp.327-336
• /
• 2007

Lots of effort toward design optimizations have been paid for a cost-effective system design in various ways from a transistor level to RTL designs. In this paper, we propose a bit level optimization of an adder design for expanding its design space. For the bit-level optimization, a heterogeneous adder organization utilizing a mixture of carry propagation schemes is proposed to design a delay-area efficient adder which were not available in an ordinary design space. Then, we develop an optimization method based on Integer Linear Programming to search the expanded design space of the heterogeneous adder. The novelty of the Proposed architecture and optimization method is introducing a bit level reconstruction/recombination of IPs which have same functionality but different speed and area characteristics for producing more find-grained delay-area optimization.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.923-932
• /
• 2014

The Hurdle model can to analyze zero-inflated count data. This model is a mixed model of the logit model for a binary component and a truncated Poisson model of a truncated count component. We propose a new hurdle model with a general heterogeneous random effects covariance matrix to analyze longitudinal zero-inflated count data using modified Cholesky decomposition. This decomposition factors the random effects covariance matrix into generalized autoregressive parameters and innovation variance. The parameters are modeled using (generalized) linear models and estimated with a Bayesian method. We use these methods to carefully analyze a real dataset.

• 월간 기계설비
• /
• no.9 s.218
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2008

고도로 발전하고 있는 건설산업과 소비자의 요구가 점차 세분화 되면서 객관적인 평가기능을 갖추고 있는 품질경영시스템이 지난 1992년부터 건설업계에 도입됨에 따라 건설업계는 시공의 표준화가 정착되어 가는 중이다. 최근에는 환경 및 안전.보건에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 건설업계는 환경.안전보건경영시스템 획득으로 기업경영의 우수성을 객관적으로 인증 받는 추세이다. 설비건설업계의 경우 환경경영시스템(ISO 14001)을 인증 받은 업체가 36개사, 안전보건경영시스템(K-OHSMS 18001)은 2개사, 안전경영시스템(KOSHA 18001, 건설업)은 3개사가 인증을 받는 등 아직 초기단계에 있으나 점차 확대될 전망이다. 환경.안전보건경영시스템을 인증 받을 경우 금융기관의 기술신용평가시 가산점 부여, 시공능력평가시 가산점 부여, 기술비 세액공제, 인증획득 자금지원, 융자신청시 가산점 부여, 기업실무자 교육비지원 등의 혜택이 주어지나, 무엇보다도 지속적인 관리로 업무의 질적 향상과 체계적인 관리를 통해 한 단계 업그레이드 가능한 것을 장점으로 꼽을 수 있다. 본지는 환경·안전보건경영시스템 인증 절차 및 인증시 효과에 대해 알아본다.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• spring
• /
• pp.47-50
• /
• 2000

비상관적인 가산잡음에 오염된 음성으로부터 향상된 음성을 얻기 위한 방법 중 Soft Decision에 근거한 음성 향상 기법이 뛰어난 성능을 가진다고 알려져 있다. Soft Decision은 주파수 영역에서 음성에 가산된 잡음을 처리하며, 잡음 환경에 대한 사전정보에 의존적이다. 본 연구에서는 Soft Decision을 근거로 음성에 가산된 잡음신호를 비선형 처리를 하여 효과적으로 음성에 포함된 잡음을 추정하도록 하였으며, 잡음환경에 대한 사전 정보 없이 효율적으로 잡음을 억제하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 연구에서 제안한 음성향상 기법은 주관적인 음질평가에서 기존의 방법들보다 나은 성능을 나타내었다

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.499-503
• /
• 2000

The use of Multiple-Valued FFT(Fast fourier Transform) is extended from binary to multiple-valued logic(MVL) circuits. A multiple-valued FFT circuit can be implemented using current-mode CMOS techniques, reducing the transitor, wires count between devices to half compared to that of a binary implementation. For adder processing in FFT, We give the number representation using such redundant digit sets are called redundant positive-digit number representation and a Redundant set uses the carry-propagation-free addition method. As the designed Multiple-valued FFT internally using PD(positive digit) adder with the digit set 0,1,2,3 has attractive features on speed, regularity of the structure and reduced complexities of active elements and interconnections. for the mutiplier processing, we give Multiple-valued LUT(Look up table)to facilitate simple mathmatical operations on the stored digits. Finally, Multiple-valued 8point FFT operation is used as an example in this paper to illuatrates how a multiple-valued FFT can be beneficial.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.97-109
• /
• 1989

살균제 Captan, 살충제 Diazinon, MEP, Malathion 및 EPN 의 단독 처리 그리고 Captan 반복처리와 이들 살충제와 서로 다른 조합으로의 동시적, 시간적 복합처리가 E. coli WP2S(uvrA-, trp-) 균주의 돌연변이유발 빈도 및 생잔율에 미치는 영향을 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Captan, Diazinon, MEP, Malathion, EPN 및 UV 의 동시적 복합처리는 이들 농약의 단독 처리에서 보다 E. coli WP2S (uvrA-, trp-)균주의 돌연변이유발빈도가 높았고 이들 농약의 단독처리효과를 합한 가산적 영향으로 나타났으며, 동일조건하에서 이들 농약의 처리농도를 배로 늘렸을 때는 배가효과를 보였으나 이 균주의 증가된 돌연변이 유발빈도는 cinnamaldehyde 30ng 및 60ng/ml 그리고 tannic acid 50ng/ml 배지로 각각 첨가했을 때 감소되었고 생잔율은 증가되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.29 no.7
• /
• pp.1459-1473
• /
• 2016

Both longitudinal data and survival data are collected simultaneously in longitudinal data which are observed throughout the passage of time. In this case, the effect of the independent variable becomes biased (provided that sole use of longitudinal data analysis does not consider the relation between both data used) if the missing that occurred in the longitudinal data is non-ignorable because it is caused by a correlation with the survival data. A joint model of longitudinal data and survival data was studied as a solution for such problem in order to obtain an unbiased result by considering the survival model for the cause of missing. In this paper, a joint model of the longitudinal zero-inflated count data and survival data is studied by replacing the longitudinal part with zero-inflated count data. A hurdle model and proportional hazards model were used for each longitudinal zero inflated count data and survival data; in addition, both sub-models were linked based on the assumption that the random effect of sub-models follow the multivariate normal distribution. We used the EM algorithm for the maximum likelihood estimator of parameters and estimated standard errors of parameters were calculated using the profile likelihood method. In simulation, we observed a better performance of the joint model in bias and coverage probability compared to the separate model.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
• /
• v.6 no.5
• /
• pp.417-427
• /
• 1993

액체질소하에서의 물리적인 현상 및 실험결과를 통하여 캐리어 냉동현상, 좁은 폭 및 숏트 채널효과를 포함한 문턱전압 모델, Surface Roughness Scattering 및 Ioniaed Impurity Scattering을 포함한 이동도 모델과 적합한 기판 전류모델이 제안되었으며 이 모델들은 모의실험 프로그램인 BSIM과 SPICE에 이식되었다. 제작된 링 오실레이터와 리플 가산기에 적용한 결과 측정한 데이타와 잘 부합되었다.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 2022

In this paper we propose white noise adding method to prevent missclassification of deep learning system by adversarial attacks. The proposed method is that adding white noise to input image that is benign or adversarial example. The experimental results are showing that the proposed method is robustness to 3 adversarial attacks such as FGSM attack, BIN attack and CW attack. The recognition accuracies of Resnet model with 18, 34, 50 and 101 layers are enhanced when white noise is added to test data set while it does not affect to classification of benign test dataset. The proposed model is applicable to defense to adversarial attacks and replace to time- consuming and high expensive defense method against adversarial attacks such as adversarial training method and deep learning replacing method.