• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.9B no.1
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• pp.99-104
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• 2002

Existing methods of object tracking use template matching, re-detection of object boundaries or motion information. The template matching method requires very long computation time. The re-detection of object boundaries may produce false edges. The method using motion information shows poor tracking performance in moving camera. In this paper, a robust object tracking algorithm is proposed, using projected motion and histogram intersection. The initial object image is constructed by selecting the regions of interest after image segmentation. From the selected object, the approximate displacement of the object is computed by using 1-dimensional intensity projection in horizontal and vortical direction. Based on the estimated displacement, various template masks are constructed for possible orientations and scales of the object. The best template is selected by using the modified histogram intersection method. The robustness of the proposed tracking algorithm has been verified by experimental results.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.175-188
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• 2012

A parametric study for varying the radii of curvature is performed with a curved tub girder bridge having three continuous spans. The bracing forces of top lateral bracings from the results of numerical equations are compared to those of 3-dimensional finite element analyses. New modifying factors applicable in computing the nominal member forces of top lateral bracings were suggested. The numerical equations were derived based on one girder system, and it is shown that the numerical equations exhibit some errors compared with 3D FEA results. The main reason for this phenomenon lies on the number of girders. The twin girder system has an external cross-beam between inner and outer girder. It also has larger lateral stiffness than the single girder system. Finally, the distributions by the torsion, bending, distortion, and lateral loading of the top lateral bracing forces were presented in this paper.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.98-106
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• 2011

The deck of steel box girder bridges is composed of deck plate, longitudinal rib, and transverse ribs. The orthotropic steel decks have high possibility to fatigue damage due to numbers of welded connection part, the heavy contact loadings, and the increase of repeated loadings. Generally, the local stress by the repeated loadings of heavy vehicles causes the orthotropic steel deck bridge to fatigue cracks. The increase of traffic volume and heavy vehicle loadings are promoted the possibility of fatigue cracks. Thus, it is important to exactly evaluate the structural behavior of bridge considering the contact loading area of heavy vehicles and real load patterns of heavy trucks which have effects on the bridge. This study estimated the effect of contact area of design loads and real traffic vehicles through the finite element analysis considering the real loading conditions. The finite element analysis carried out 4 cases of loading patterns in the orthotropic steel deck bridge. Also, analysis estimated the influence of contact area of real truck loadings by the existence of diaphragm plate. The result of finite element analysis indicated that single tire loadings of real trucks occurred higher local stress than one of design loadings, and especially the deck plate got the most influence by the single tire loading. It was found that the diaphragm attachment at joint part of longitudinal ribs and transverse ribs had no effects on the improvement of structural performance against fatigue resistance in elastic analysis.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.218-231
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• 2012

A total of 126 fossil scaphopods (121 specimens from the Hagjeon Formation and 5 specimens from the Duho Formation) were found from the Cenozoic strata, Hagjeon and Duho Formations, Pohang Basin, Korea. Five species belonging two genera (Fissidentalium yokoyamai, F. sp. A, B, and Rhabdus sp. A, B) were classified: the most dominant species is Fissidentalium yokoyamai. The species of Fissidentalium yokoyamai is characterized by curved shell (accuration=3.90%) and very closely spaced longitudinal ribs on shell surfaces, while the species of Rhabdus is a nearly straight shell characterized by concentric growth lines without longitudinal ribs. Identification of two genera is somewhat easy due to such morphological differences but classification at generic level is hard because diagnostic features (e.g., cross section and apical structure) are lost in the most specimens. Consequently, except for Fissidentalium yokoyamai, the rest were classified temporarily as F. sp. A, B, and Rhabdus sp. A, B. Two types of preservation state were recognized: one is three-dimensionally preserved specimen (3D specimen) and the other is compressed specimen. Internal parts of the 3D specimen is filled with clastic sediments identical to the surrounding sediments of the shells, which is not observed in the compressed specimens. It is, thus, concluded that the 3D fossils were originally empty but internal cavity were immediately filled with the sediments, which may have protect from the compaction due to pressure during deposition of the gravelly to coarse sandstone of the Hagjeon Formation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.577-586
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• 2018

In this study, traffic safety technology was developed for rural areas by reviewingthe relevant literature and data from the Traffic Accident Analysis System for the Chungcheong region.The goal is to reduce traffic accidents in small regional cities and rural areas in Korea. A road shoulder recognition light was developed to fit the pedestrian characteristics of the people using transportation in rural areas. It also minimizes damage to crops due to light pollution from traffic lights and street lights, and it supplements problems of damage from collision with vehicles and agricultural machines. The efficiency of the technology developed in this study was verified by comparing and analyzing the number of traffic accidents and the saved cost before and after its installation. A test bedwas established based on rural areas and is being evaluated for its applicability and effectiveness. It is expected that the reliability of such facilities could be improved through continuous studies, data collection, and analysis.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

This research was carried out to establish the large quantity propagation system for Kalopanax pictus using root cutting. The results are as follows. As there was no significant difference in the promotion of adventitious shoot development from the root cuttings of Kalopanax pictus among kinds (IBA, NAA and Kinetin) and concentrations (0 to 2000 mg/L) of growth regulators, no application is recommended, which showed more than 90% of shoot development. Horizontal and vertical placement of rooting showed more than 93% of shoot occurrence, but the latter showed more desirable growth traits in the number of shoot development, number of leaf, petiole length, and leaf length and leaf width Polarity was observed and thus normal vertical placement of root cutting is preferred. However, root cuttings placed upside down showed the shoot development at the distal end, which indicates further sophisticated test is necessary to investigate this phenomenon.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.473-478
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• 2015

Abdominal obesity is one of the most influential index to predict of insulin resistance syndrome/metabolic syndrome in social demographic characteristics. It is matter of fact that radiation dose are increasing with development of medical treatment and device. In this study, we estimated distortion between reference image and entrance surface dose when take a chest radiography forward chest phantom assumed abdominal obesity. When angle of chest phantom incline $5^{\circ}$ forward, thoracic transverse and longitudinal diameter increase 1.22% and 0.44% each. Also cardiac transverse diameter increase 1.01% and cardio-throracic ratio (CTR) decrease 0.27% in the same situation of incline to $5^{\circ}$ forward. Thoracic transverse diameter shows the largest increase, and CTR was decreased. But entrance surface dose to phantom increase significantly 6.12% when angle of chest phantom incline $5^{\circ}$ forward. In conclusion, we have to pay attention to accurate positioning, to prevent a distortion of image through incline, and make patients not to expose to additional radiation.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.429-441
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyse the properties of Seokrok and Noerok that are used for restoration of heritage and arts. Malachite is main constituent mineral for Seokrok and Celadonite is Main component of Noerok. To evaluate the physical properties of pigment, A,B-class Seokrok and heated Seokrok that are sold in market were selected. To compare this results, Noerok sold in Japan were studied. In addition, we studied the pigments of Noerok. The heat treatment had no significant effect on the physical properties, except for the color-difference. The color-difference of Seokrok is larger than that of the Noerok sold in Japan. The $a^*$ values of Seokrok specimens are horizontal distribution, so it will expand the coloring ranges. The properties that are chromaticity, specific gravity and oil-absorption of Noerok are different from Seokrok. Noerok is suggested that achromatic color because the values of $a^*$ located near zero. Specific gravity of Noerok is smaller than Seokrok, but oil-absorption is larger twice. Noerok and Amnok, although ingredients are different, it is possible to use alternative because of similar physical characteristics. The result from this study expects to be used as useful referencing data for conservation and restoration of cultural heritage and understanding phenomena of the properties.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.397-405
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• 2012

Installation of deck has been on the rise in Korea recently, but there is little of research on the safety of deck. One of the major factors affecting maneuverability of a pedestrian is frictional force between an outsole of shoe and a surface of the deck. The frictional force is influenced by many factors such as raw material variance of deck, surface convex shape of deck, outsole patterns of shoes, and moist condition of contact surface between deck and shoes. This study focused on evaluating the effect of these factors on the frictional force. Two kinds of deck, which were made of natural wood and wood plastic composite, were used in this study. The surface convex patterns of deck were classified to single nonslip (longitudinal groove processing) and double nonslip (longitudinal and transverse groove processing). Two kinds of shoe outsole patterns, W-shape and rectangle-shape, were used in the tests. Also, the friction tests were carried out at dried surface conditions and water-adsorbed surface condition.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.12-21
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• 2009

This study focused on the estimation of econcmic value and the evaluation of attitudes toward plans for the establishment of a walking tour as a public service in the city of Gwacheon. A value analysis based upon 152 questionnaires returned by the residents of Gwacheon and 175 questionnaires from the users of Seoul Race Park in Gwacheon utilized a CVM(Contingent Valuation Method) approach to estimate use value, non-use value, and potential value. The results show that 69.8% of residents and 60.0% of Seoul Race Park users had an interest, 81.6% of residents and 89.7% of Seoul Race Park users agreed to the proposed plan, and 67.8% of residents and 69.7% of Seoul Race Park users expressed a willingness to pay an additional tax or admission fee. The estimated WTP for an additional resident tax per household/year is 11,721 won while it was an additional 750 won per admission for the Seoul Race Park user group. Based on these results, the estimated total economic value of all households/year and the user group over a period of 5 years is 9,997 hundred million won, which was a doubling of the 1.4 in value of total construction costs. The results of this study strongly support the establishment of a walking tour street plan as a public service commodity.