• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.57-74
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• 2017

The Electronic Shelf Label (ESL) is an alternative to the paper price label attached to merchandise shelves and is attracting attention as a retail IoT infrastructure that will lead the innovation of offline retail outlets. In general, when introducing a substitute product, the company tends to consider the financial factors such as the efficiency of the investment cost compared to the existing product or the reduction of the operating cost. However, considering only financial factors in the decision-making process, it may not properly reflect the various values associated with corporate strategy and the requirements of stakeholders. In this study, 8 evaluation items (Investment Cost, Operating Cost, Quality Level, Customer Management, Job Efficiency, Maintenance, Functional Expandability, and Store Image) based on BSC's 4 perspectives (Financial, Customer, Internal Business Process, Learning & Growth), and using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to measure the priorities of evaluation items for domestic small supermarket employees. As a result of the research, priority was given in order of Customer, Learning & Growth, Internal Business Process, and Financial aspects among the evaluation items for adopting the price label, and the electronic price label was supported with higher importance than the paper price label. In contrast to the priorities of the financial aspects of most prior studies, the items of Learning & growth and customer perspectives have relatively high priorities. In particular, respondents classified by job group, The priorities of the 8 evaluation items were different among the groups. These results are expected to provide implications for both companies (retail outlets) and ESL providers (manufacturers and service providers) who are considering the introduction of ESL.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.425-428
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• 1996

본 연구에서는 기존문헌에서 논의되어온 수리적 매체선택모형의 한계점을 고려하여 의사결정자에게 유용한 매체선택지침을 제공할 수 있는 모형을 구축하고 이를 실제사례에 적용하여 모형의 현실적용성을 살펴본다. 기존의 매체선택모형들은 가정의 현실성 결여와 특정 요인의 단편적 고려 등으로 인하여 실행상의 문제점을 노출하였다. 최근 매체의 이미지, 소비자에 대한 소구, 편집항목 등 매체현상과 관련된 정성적 요소들을 고려하고자 하는 의도에서 AHP를 매체선택 문제에 활용하고 있으며 이것은 매체선택모형을 보다 현실적인 모형으로 만들고 있다. 또한 AHP에 의해 도출된 매체의 선호정도를 독립적으로 이용하는 것보다 정량적인 요소를 고려한 수리적 모형과 결합하는 것이 보다 효과적인 것으로 이해되고 있으며 이는 매체선택모형의 현실적합성을 한층 증가시키고 있다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 정성적 요소와 정량적 요소를 결합한 매체선택모형은 다양한 의사결정요소들을 모형에 포함시켰다는 의미에서 기존의 모형들과 차별화가 이루어지나 실제 모형을 적용하여 그 효과를 판단하는 것은 광고의 복잡성과 측정상의 문제로 인해서 매우 어려운 일로 보인다. 따라서 매체선택 모형은 더 이상 장량적인 관점에서 최적해를 추구하기 보다는 모형이 광고의 상황과 기업의 전략등에 얼마나 효과적으로 대처하는가에 초점을 맞추는 것이 중요하다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 AHP와 정수계획법을 결합한 모형을 이용하여 고려하고자하는 매체선택 관련요소들을 체계화하고 이 모형이 최적해를 산출하는 모형으로서가 아니라 의사결정자에게 매체선택지침을 제시하는 하나의 현실적인 의사결정지원도구로서 역할을 하고 있는가에 초점을 맞춘다. (4) 교수-학생간의 인간적인 관계, (5) 숙제 및 과제물과 같은 5가지의 요인으로 구성되어진 것으로 분석되었다. 특히 한국학생을 대상으로 하여 AHP를 이용하여 각 요인들의 수업효과에 대한 상대적 가중치를 조사하였다. 특이한 결과는, 미국학생의 경우 수업준비 및 강의 방법이 상대적으로 중시된 반면, 한국학생들은 미국학생들이 비교적 덜 중시하는 교수-학생간의 인간적인 관계가 수업효과를 높이는데 가장 큰 기여를 하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 한국 문화의 특징이라 할 수 있는 교수-학생간의 인간적인 관계가 중시되는 교육환경하에서, 정보화 사회의 한 수업형태인 재택수업을 외국(특히 미국)의 방법을 그대로 따라 실시할 경우, 많은 부작용이 있을 수 있다는 것을 암시하며, 따라서 우리 교육문화에 맞는 재택수업 형태의 개발이 시급함을 제시한다고 하겠다.column density of HCaN is (1-3):n1014cm-2. Column density at distant position from MD5 is larger than that in the (:entral region. We have deduced that this hot-core has a mass of 10sR1 which i:s about an order of magnitude larger those obtained by previous studies.previous studies.업순서들의 상관관계를 고려하여 보다 개선된 해를 구하기 위한 연구가 요구된다. 또한, 준비작업비용을 발생시키는 작업장의 작업순서결정에 대해서도 연구를 행하여, 보완작업비용과 준비비용을 고려한 GMMAL 작업순서문제를

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.227-233
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• 2015

The recent health care is growing rapidly want to receive offers users a variety of medical services, can be exploited easily exposed to a third party information on the role of the patient's hospital staff (doctors, nurses, pharmacists, etc.) depending on the patient clearly may have to be classified. In this paper, in order to ensure safe use by third parties in the health care environment, classify the attributes of patient information and patient privacy protection technique using hierarchical multi-property rights proposed to classify information according to the role of patient hospital officials The. Hospital patients and to prevent the proposed method is represented by a mathematical model, the information (the data consumer, time, sensor, an object, duty, and the delegation circumstances, and so on) the privacy attribute of a patient from being exploited illegally patient information from a third party the prevention of the leakage of the privacy information of the patient in synchronization with the attribute information between the parties.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.159-167
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• 2014

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to analyze the requirements of the road traffic safety moderator robot when road repairing. The road traffic safety moderator robot is road traffic safety equipment and to conversions mechanical engineering and IT when road repairing. METHODS : The study used AHP based on the survey from road repair related expert that field engineers, design engineers, public officials and professors. The survey used paired comparison. The survey items were safety, convenience and economics. The safety is classified as visibility or efficiency, the convenience is classified as utility or mobility and the economics is classified as initial investment cost or maintenance $ management cost. The survey alternatives were the road traffic safety moderator robot, traffic regulation by human, traffic regulation by mannequin and traffic signs. The software for AHP is Expert Choice 2000. RESULTS : The results of AHP analyze, the weighted value of safety was analyzed with the highest at 0.488 of survey items. The weighted value of convenience was analyzed at 0.295, the weighted value of economics was analyzed at 0.218. The results of the road traffic safety moderator robot, the weight value of efficiency and utility were analyzed with the highest at 0.284 and 0.259 of alternatives. The weighted value of initial investment cost and maintenance & management cost were analyzed with the lowest at 0.203 and 0.211 of alternatives. The consistency test results of each items, null hypothesis is rejected because the CR values were 0.000 respectively. Therefore, the study results are consistency. CONCLUSIONS : The result of this study, overall value of the road traffic safety moderator robot came off second-best of other alternatives. The road traffic safety moderator robot has been received highest praise by the result of the study as good road traffic safety equipment when road repairing because the weighted values of efficiency and utility were analyzed with the highest of survey items. The efficiency mean securing safety and the utility mean practical assistance when road repairing. The results of this study showed that the road traffic safety moderator robot will effective for traffic safety when road repairing. economics and visibility are that supplementation of the road traffic safety moderator robot because the weighted values of economics and visibility were analyzed with the lowest of survey items. The consistency test results are consistency because the CR values were 0.000 respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2017

This study identified a candidate area and route for construction of a hub & spork system for coastal passenger ships. For this purpose, the characteristics of the hierarchy structure of other transportation and the operating system of coastal passenger ships were analyzed. Evaluation factors for selecting alternative areas and routes for the construction project were then extracted. Secondly, the relative importance of these evaluation factors for alternative routes were calculated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Finally, the importance of these evaluation items and quality of the alternative areas and routes were considered to select a primary candidate area and route. Therefore, four evaluation items such as the number of passenger-ship routes, the number of passengers, the number of cars, and the number of residences were extracted, and the Mokpo area was selected as the target area. In addition, four evaluation items such as he number of islanders, the number of local governments, geographical conditions and passenger ship operators were extracted, and the Yeonggwang route was selected as priority candidates for this construction project. Meanwhile, for the expansive implementation, step-by-step promotion is needed along with the expansion of terminal facilities, the securing of large ships, and the introduction of a semi-public system for coastal passenger ships.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.17-38
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to establish shipping companies' selection factors related to a classification society and to explore the relative importance of each factor using the analytical hierarchy process(AHP) technique. Insufficient research exists on the hierarchial structure of shipping companies' factors of selecting a classification society. The factors are identified and classified into two tiers of major and detailed factors, by referring to the related industrial linkages, prior research related to the determinants, and the process and service delivery of the classification society's activities. The empirical analysis of this study is based on the relative importance of determinants when selecting a classification society, and experts engaged with shipping companies were surveyed using questionnaires. The results of the AHP methodology on the main factors of shipping companies in selecting a classification society are as follows. The relative importance of the main factors was 0.373 for technical and survey services, 0.284 for recognized organizations(RO) functions, 0.177 for cost and 0.167 for market(related industry) expectations. The relative importance of the detailed factors is 0.144 for the ability to respond to a port state control(PSC) inspection, 0.143 for technical services, 0.090 for the requirements of financial institutions/ shippers/shipyards, 0.087 for class maintenance costs, 0.086 for the survey network, 0.085 for surveyor competency, 0.072 for cooperation with IMO and government authorities, 0.067 for recognition for RO, 0.058 for the business power of the classification society, 0.052 for the initial inspection costs, 0.040 for reputation and trustworthiness, 0.038 for the costs related to the class, and 0.037 for connections to related industries.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.83-101
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• 2021

This study is to investigate, using AHP, what technologies should be applied first to Korean SMEs in order to respond to the 4th industrial revolution and change to a smart enterprise. To this end, technologies related to the 4th industrial revolution and smart factory are synthesized, and the classification criteria of Dae-Hoon Kim et al. (2019) are applied, but additional opinions of experts are collected and related technologies are converted to artificial intelligence (AI), Big Data, and Cloud Computing. As a base technology, mobile, Internet of Things (IoT), block chain as hyper-connected technology, unmanned transportation (autonomous driving), robot, 3D printing, drone as a convergence technology, smart manufacturing and logistics, smart healthcare, smart transportation and smart finance were classified as smart industrial technologies. As a result of confirming the priorities for technical use by AHP analysis and calculating the total weight, manufacturing companies have a high ranking in mobile, artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and robots, while service companies are in big data and robots, artificial intelligence (AI), and smart healthcare are ranked high, and in all companies, it is in the order of big data, artificial intelligence (AI), robot, and mobile. Through this study, it was clearly identified which technologies should be applied first in order to respond to the 4th industrial revolution and change to a smart company.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.317-327
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the priority factors for sustainable management of social enterprises related to early childhood education. To achieve the purpose of this study, sustainable management factors were extracted by examining previous studies related to social enterprises, and the priorities of factors were derived using the AHP method after conducting surveys of those who are related to early childhood education and social enterprises. As a result of the study, the priorities of the four major factors for sustainable management of social enterprises were confirmed in the following order: strategic factors, organizational factors, management capability factors, and social environment factors. And the priorities of the 16 sub-factors were confirmed in the following order: program originality, excellence of program content, CEO's leadership, expertise in operation and education, securing information on early childhood education market, etc. This study is meaningful in that it discovered the basic success factors for the performance and sustainability of social enterprises related to early childhood education and suggested directions for establishing management strategies for social enterprises related to early childhood education.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.581-589
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• 2021

With the recent increase in the introduction of micro-electric vehicles in Korea, interest in micro-electric vehicle user satisfaction is increasing to revitalize related markets. In this paper, a basic study was conducted on the development of public services using micro-electric vehicle based on the constituent factors of user satisfaction. The survey includes: ① 'Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for selecting the priority factors of user satisfaction of micro-electric vehicles', ② 'A survey of micro-electric vehicles image' to collect data in advance for providing users' preferences and transportation services for micro-electric vehicles, ③ In order to investigate the user satisfaction level of users who actually operated micro-electric vehicles, the order of 'user satisfaction survey of micro-electric vehicle drivers' was conducted. In the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis, it was found that users regarded as important in the order of 'user utilization data', 'vehicle movement data', and 'charging service data'. In the micro-electric vehicle image survey, users perceived micro-electric vehicles more positively in terms of "safety", 'durability', 'Ride comfort', 'design', 'MOOE (Maintenance and other operating expense)', and 'environment-friendly' when comparing micro-electric vehicles with electric motorcycles. In the survey on the user satisfaction of micro-electric vehicle drivers, the use of micro-electric vehicle did not directly affect work performance efficiency, and there was an experience of being disadvantaged on the road due to the size of the micro-electric vehicle, and driving in a cluster of micro-electric vehicle for outdoor advertisements. The city's public relations effect was great, but it was concerned about safety. In the future, based on the results of this study, we plan to build a user satisfaction structural equation model, preemptively discover feedback R&D for micro-electric vehicle utilization services in the public field, and actively seek to discover new public mobility support services.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.155-183
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• 2008

Current trend of audit is to check the physical aspects of developed information system, such as checking the budget constraints, time constraints or functional fluency etc. However, ultimate goal of information system is to help the organization to achieve the competency over their competitors. Also, there are three different interest groups in system auditing, like audit requesting group, audited group and audit group, who may have different points of interests in auditing. Current auditing process, however, ignores this point, and so does not check the differences between three groups. This study tries to develop new auditing method to cure these two problems. Contributions of this study may be summarized as follows. First, Introduce the new indexes that can check the possibility that the information system may contribute the competency of organization. Also check the feasibility of indexes through Fuzzy AHP. Second, Divide the audit related person into three groups, and their different needs toward the information system was analyzed. Third, Analyze and compare the main interests of three groups, and weights of each groups to each indexes were calculated. Fourth, Fuzzy theory was applied to quantify the qualitative answers, which may minimize the ambiguity of questionnaire replies.