• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.37-51
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aims to substantiate a correlation between the period of living alone in a shabby one-room and a depression experience. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Korea Homeless Survey carried out by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs in 2016. In the study, the data included 485 survey participants who resided in a single room. The period of single-room occupancy being divided into three groups: less than 1 year, 1 to 4 years, and more than 5 years was considered a primary independent variable. The outcome variable which represented a depression experience was measured by CESD-11(The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale). We carried out a Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression to evaluate the association. Results: The rate of depression experienced in this population was 77.5%. Almost 83.9% of the participants were reported as being unable to receive the mental health counselling in the last 12 months. After controlling for covariates, subjects who were living in a single room occupancy for 1-5 years(OR=3.89; 95% CI=1.43-10.56) and more than 5 years(OR=2.71; 95% CI= 1.05-6.95) were found to be more likely to experience depression. Conclusions: The results showed that living alone in a shabby one-room had a high correlation with experiencing depression. We proposed that there is a need to develop a new strategy for mental health promotion program for the poor, vulnerable and deprived population.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.51-58
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• 2020

Oral examination ensures early detection and treatment of oral diseases and improvement of quality of health-related life. This is imperative as it reduces individuals' dental medical expenses and social costs caused by diseases. However, as the low oral examination acceptance rate continues to be a problem, this study was conducted to identify the factors that influence the oral examination of an economically active population. In this study, 4,836 economically active individuals between the ages of 20 and 65 years were studied using data from the 7th National Health and Nutrition Survey in 2018. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing demographic and sociological characteristics on oral examination after adjusting for complaints of mastication and speech discomfort. As a result of confirming the factors influencing the oral examination, increase in age tended to be inversely proportional to the oral examination. Income level, type of job, and job position were identified as factors that influenced oral examinations. Compared to the group with a high socioeconomic status, which is represented by a group with a high income level or a stable job type or job position, the group with low economic status was found to have a negative effect on oral examination. Oral management of vulnerable groups, who might not be considered while devising oral health management policies, should be promoted through the development and provision of oral health management policies that consider employment status and environment.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.238-246
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of home visiting care service and to evaluate the effect from the cost-benefit among older people. Methods: The target participants were enrolled in 2007 and they were classified into 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, and 4 years according to their service provision period. We analyzed health insurance claims data and entitlement data from the National Health Insurance Service databases between 2006 and 2010. This study examined the participants' social-economic and health status factors related to total medical expense. Cost-benefit analysis was done using the net benefit and benefit/cost ratio. Results: Based on the use of home visiting service, the effect was reduced by 223,914 won. The cost for 952,109 people aged 65 or older was 39,891,462,882 won and the benefit was 213,190,534,626 won. The net benefit was 173,299,071,744 won and the benefit/cost ratio was 5.34 times, which was very economical. Conclusion: Home visiting health care should continue to expand as a means of economically effective health care for people aged 65 and older and to ensure health equity for vulnerable groups.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.85-112
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• 2013

This study aims to understand the developmental trajectories of life satisfaction among retirees and to examine what factors differentiate different trajectory classes. This study used three waves of longitudinal data from Korean Retirement and Income Study and data collected every two years(2005, 2007, and 2009). Subjects were respondents aged 50-69 who identified to be retired between wave 1 and wave 2. Finally, this study used 243 respondents for final data analysis. Life satisfaction was measured by seven items. The latent class growth model and multiple logistic regression model were used for data analysis. This study identified three distinct trajectory classes: high stable class(47.7%), high at the early stage but decreased class(42.8%), and low at the early stage and then decreased class(9.5%). This study founded that approximately 50% of the retirees experienced the decline of life satisfaction after retirement and about 10% of the sample was the most vulnerable group. This study analyzed what factors make different among the distinct trajectory groups. As a results, retirees who experienced the improvement in health change were more likely to be in 'high stable class' compared to 'hight at the early stage but decreased class'. In addition, retirees who were less educated, maintained the same health status rather than the improvement, worked as a temporary or a day laborer, and had less household income were more likely to belong to 'low at the early stage and then decreased class' relative to 'high stable class'. This study suggests that there are distinct three trajectories on life satisfaction among the retirees and finds out factors differentiating between trajectory groups. Based on these findings, the study discusses the implications for social work practice and further study.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.112-119
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• 2019

This study examined the role of citizen advocates in advocating for people with developmental disabilities. Citizen advocacy refers to activities that advocate and represent citizens on behalf of those who are socially vulnerable. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role concept of citizen advocates by conducting focus group interviews and dividing the 13 citizen advocates with developmental disabilities into 4 groups. It is divided into four main subjects and nine sub-themes. The main theme are 'Self-transformation of the parties', 'Restoring the rights of the parties', 'Being with the parties', and 'Expanding the world of the parties'. Sub-themes are 'Recognizing and solving the problem of self', 'Granting role to speak', 'Recovering the initiative of service use', 'Restoring the rights of existing (family and neighbor), "Preventing money harm" "Speaking instead", "Encouraging and petting people", "Promoting change in the community", and "Expanding the size of the world a little bit". Based on this, we discussed the importance of citizen advocacy as a preventive advocacy system, the relationship between citizen advocacy and professional advocacy system, the difference between volunteer and personal assistants and citizen advocacy, and considerations for citizen advocacy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.439-445
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the status of oral health behavior according to economic inequality in Korea. Raw data for the 3rd year (2015) of the 6th national health and nutrition survey were analyzed. Among surveyed individuals, adults over the age of 19 were designated as research subjects. The results indicated that a smaller 'house income' was associated with a higher supply and demand experience for basic living and a higher DMFT. Additionally, a higher DMFT was associated with a lower 'house income', lower 'education level', and the 'experience of basic living security received'. Oral health behavior inequality was caused by economic inequality. Overall, these results indicate that it is necessary for the oral health service of vulnerable groups to strengthen preventive activities through comprehensive arbitration policies regarding the social decision factors of public health projects.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.911-920
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• 2017

The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of community-based SSI programs (SSI-COMM) regarding "fine dust" on promoting middle school students' understanding of community issues and their character and values as citizens. SSI-COMM on fine dust was implemented in 4 middle schools located in Seoul, and 151 7th graders participated in the program lasting over 8 weeks. Data was collected through two questionnaires (i.e. students' understanding of issues, and character and values as citizens) and individual interviews with selected students. Results indicated that there were statistically significant increases in their understanding of fine dust issue after the program. In addition, the program significantly contributed to enhancing students' character and values, especially in the domains of social and moral compassion and socioscientific accountability. Student interviews revealed that they became more aware of the local community problems caused by fine dusts and started to consider what efforts should be made to solve them. They also felt individual responsibility for the occurrence of fine dust, and the need for participation and practice of community activities for vulnerable groups in affected areas.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.341-350
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• 2010

Purpose: This study focused on achieving desired shades by combining zirconia core with different thickness porcelain in order to make dental prostheses effectively. Methods: White and colored $LAVA^{TM}$ All Ceramic (3M-ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), and Zirkonzahn (Bruneck, Italy) Trans and prettau were used to have Zirconia. LAVATM Ceram (3M-ESPE, Germany) and ICE (Zirkonzahn, Italy) powder were used to have the porcelain. We made quadrilateral specimen of thickness 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm and diameter 10 to use zirconia ceramics system of 2 kinds that color tone reappearance way is different and produced total 120 specimens to 4 experimental groups. We used Spectrophotometer to analyze color tone. Data's value getting by dispersal colorimetry period found L*, a*, b* value using Excel program. We used one-way ANOVA to use SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Results: All L*, a*, b* indexes of zirconia core and porcelain veneer in LAVA group and Zirkonzahn group were different. When you combine the white zirconia core of LAVA group with a porcelain veneer, the thickness of the porcelain must be more than 0.5mm to meet the standard target. When all the colored zirconia cores of LAVA group were combined with porcelain veneers, there was no significant difference from the standard target. When the zirconia cores of Zirkonzahn group are combined with porcelain veneers, the thinner thicknesses were closer to the standard tab than thicker thicknesses; however, there was a significant difference in all combinations, with Delta E* value indicating more than 3. Conclusion: When it comes to colored zirconia, which is the most popular, the thicknesses of both a core and a dentin veneer must be more than 0.3mm to get an appropriate shade. There is more possibility to get desirable shades when the thicknesses of a white core are thinner; however, they would be vulnerable to the environment and lose their color. When combine a zirconia core with a dentin veneer, using Zirkonzahn group needs more considerations in order to meet the standard target.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2000

From 1998, Oriental Medical Physicians(OMP) is distributed in Public Health Sector. but long term plan for Oriental Medicine in Public Health is not existed. So, this study is designed for the activation of OMP Subjects in this study were comprised 3 groups of oriental medicine related persons, the group of which are Students of 11 Oriental Medical Schools, Oriental Medical Physicians in Public Health Sector, Specialist Croup of Oriental medicine Policy(total 1,458 persons). Data were collected from July 1st to November 30, 1999. Direct interview with key persons, systematic interview by using of interview protocol, e-mail and facsimile have been conducted. The results of survey were coded by Excel 5.0, and analysed with SAS 6.12 statistical package. Inter-group difference determined by T-test, and descriptive statistics have been examined. Major findings can be epitomized as follows. 1) OMP disposition to multifarious organizations and institutes such as Public Health Centers, Public Health Sub-centers, Public Hospitals, Private Hospitals in Remote-Vulnerable Area, Community Social Welfare Centers, Institutes for Heath Policy Research, etc, will promise an effective use of Oriental Medical Physician. 2) Average number of patients treated by OMP was 22.8, average budget for oriental medical department, in which OMP were affiliated, was 39.6 million Won per year. Direct cost per every patient visit was 7,210.9 Won, which is considered expensive for public health service. Therefore, development and transformation for Oriental Medical Service in Public Health Sector is desirable in economic and political aspects. 3) It is recommended that ${\ulcorner}Advisory\;Committee{\lrcorner},{\ulcorner}Planning\;Commission\;for\; Public\;Health\;in\;Oriental\;Medicine{\lrcorner}$ should be established for the activation and for the support of Oriental Medical Physician in Public Health Sector, 4) Most effective programmes for oriental public health doctor are health service programmes for the elderly, Home health visit, chronic degenerative disease control services(p<0.001). 5) Standard guideline for facilities and equipments of Oriental Medicine Department in Public Health Center is needed for optimal supply of resources and activation of public health activity.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.335-344
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• 2018

As the damage caused by the abnormal climate due to climate change is increasing, the interest in resilience is increasing as a countermeasure to this. In this study, the resilience of Suwon city was examined and the plan to improve the resilience were derived against climate impacts such as drought, heatwave, and heavy rain. Urban resilience is divided into social resilience (e.g. vulnerable groups, access to health services, and training of human resources), economic resilience (e.g. housing stability, employment stability, income equality, and economic diversity), urban infrastructure resilience (e.g.residential vulnerability, capacity to accommodate victims, and sewage systems), and ecological resilience (e.g. protection resources, sustainability, and risk exposure). The study evaluated the urban resilience according to the selected indicators in local level. In this study, the planning elements to increase the resilience in the urban dimension were derived and suggested the applicability. To be a resilient city, the concept and value of resilience should be included in urban policy and planning. It is critical to monitor and evaluate the process made by the actions in order to continuously adjust the plans.