• Entomological Research
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.354-361
• /
• 2018

Plant essential oils (EOs) exhibit an array of biological activities against insect pests. However, their negative influences on the pheromonal activity of azuki bean beetle (ABB), Callosobruchus chinensis L. have not received research attentions. ABB is a field-to-storage pest of legumes, and its female produces the sex pheromone known as homofarnesal with two isomeric components: 2E- and 2Z-homofarnesal, (2E,6E)-7-ethyl-3,11-dimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienals and (2Z,6E)-7-ethyl-3,11-dimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienals. We evaluated the effects of three EOs and their two major components on the attractiveness of male ABBs to synthetic homofarnesal (2E-:2Z-homofarnesal = 6:4) using Y-tube olfactometry in laboratory and rocket traps in the semi-open polyhouse. Y-tube olfactometry showed the significant negative effect of EOs of Illicium verum, Croton anisatum at 10 and 100 ng, and Gaultheria fragrantissima at 100 ng against homofarnesal (100 ng) in attracting male ABBs. Similarly trans-anethole (at 10 and 100 ng) and methyl salicylate (at 100 ng) also ascertained significant negative effect against homofarnesal (100 ng) in Y-tube olfactometry. When 10 mg of each of trans-anethole and methyl salicylate was released at the downstream of 30 mg homofarnesal lure in rocket traps, highly significant effect was achieved against attractiveness of homofarnesal to ABB males. This study ascertained significant level of negative effect of the tested EOs and their major components to homofarnesal, tracing out a new opportunity of integrating them in ABB management programs both in field and storage.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.263-268
• /
• 2009

닭진드기 성충에 대한 대회향 열매에서 유래한 추출물들의 살비활성 직접접촉법을 이용해서 조사하였다. 실내시험에서 대회향 메탄올 추출물의 높은 활성이 관찰되었기 때문에 그것의 살비활성 본체를 탐색하였다. 그 결과를 현재 사용되고 있는 살비제들인 디클로르보스, 다이아지논 그리고 카바릴과 비교하였다. 칼럼크로마토그라피를 이용해서 대회향 열매의 살비활성 본체를 분리하였고 이것을 GC-MS를 이용해 (E)-아네톨로 규명하였다. 이 활성물질과 비슷한 구조를 갖고 있는 12종의 화합물들의 살비활성과 아네톨의 활성을 $LD_{50}$ 값을 기준하여 비교하였다. 그 결과 2종의 네오멘솔 이성체들이 아네톨보다 강한 활성을 보였고 (0.01 $mg/cm^2$), 2종 멘솔 이성체들, (${\pm}$-이소보르네올, (-)-멘손, 그리고 (1S)-엔도-(-)-보르네올이 비슷한 활성을 보였으며 (0.02 $mg/cm^2$), (1R)-(+)-캠퍼와 (+)-멘손은 아네톨 보다 약한 활성을 나타냈다. 이들 화합물 모두는 각각 0.05 그리고 > 0.2 $mg/cm^2$의 값을 보인 다이아지논과 카바릴보다 더 우수한 활성을 보였지만, 디클로르보스의 활성 (0.0002 $mg/cm^2$)에는 미치지 못했다. 이상의 결과들은 대회향 열매 유래 물질들과 시험한 물질들이 닭진드기의 야외 개체군들을 방제하는데 유용할 수 있다는 것을 보여준다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제29권10호
• /
• pp.1515-1521
• /
• 2016

Anethole and garlic have an immune modulatory effects on avian coccidiosis, and these effects are correlated with gene expression changes in intestinal epithelial lymphocytes (IELs). In this study, we integrated gene expression datasets from two independent experiments and investigated gene expression profile changes by anethole and garlic respectively, and identified gene expression signatures, which are common targets of these herbs as they might be used for the evaluation of the effect of plant herbs on immunity toward avian coccidiosis. We identified 4,382 and 371 genes, which were differentially expressed in IELs of chickens supplemented with garlic and anethole respectively. The gene ontology (GO) term of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from garlic treatment resulted in the biological processes (BPs) related to proteolysis, e.g., "modification-dependent protein catabolic process", "proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process", "cellular protein catabolic process", "protein catabolic process", and "ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process". In GO analysis, one BP term, "Proteolysis", was obtained. Among DEGs, 300 genes were differentially regulated in response to both garlic and anethole, and 234 and 59 genes were either up- or down-regulated in supplementation with both herbs. Pathway analysis resulted in enrichment of the pathways related to digestion such as "Starch and sucrose metabolism" and "Insulin signaling pathway". Taken together, the results obtained in the present study could contribute to the effective development of evaluation system of plant herbs based on molecular signatures related with their immunological functions in chicken IELs.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.147-152
• /
• 2013

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of packaging on the aroma stability of curry powder during storage. The Volatile flavor compounds from curry powders packed with laminated film or vinyl were analyzed by the solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry during in storage at $25^{\circ}C$ for 13 weeks. Forty-eight compounds, comprising 36 terpenes, 5 alcohols, 4 benzenes, 2 carbonyl compounds, and 1 ester, were identified from the curry powders. The main volatile compounds were cuminaldehyde, anethole, and eugenol. The Volatile compounds of curry powder packed with laminated film were maintained unchanged during in the storage, whereas those packed in vinyl were decreased during the storage. The amounts of p-cymene, cuminaldehyde, anethole, and (E)-caryophyllene from curry powder packed with laminated film were maintained during storage, while those packed with vinyl decreased gradually. The aroma stability of eugenol was unaffected by packaging. The results indicates that curry powder is best packaged in with laminated film to maintain the aroma stability during storage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.427-431
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this work was to study the effect of roasting temperature on the production of volatile compounds in Chinese-style pork jerky. The pork jerky was roasted by far-infrared grill at $150^{\circ}C$ or $200^{\circ}C$ for 5 min. The analysis of volatile compounds using a Likens-Nickerson apparatus coupled to a gas chromatograph and a mass spectrometer enabled us to identify 21 volatile compounds. The results showed that the volatile compounds coming from pork jerky can be divided into two groups in accordance with their possible origins. The first group of volatile compounds derived from oxidation of lipid included hexanal, ethylbenzene, nonanal, benzaldehyde, 2,4-decadienal, 1-octen-3-ol, octadecanal, and 9-octadecenal. The second group of volatile compounds generated from degradation of natural spices included 1,8-cinene, 4-terpineol, ${\alpha}$-terpineol, e-anethole, methyl-eugenol, panisaldehyde, elemol, eugenol, methyl-isoeugenol and myristicin. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between 2 different roasted temperatures at levels for all volatile compounds.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제54권4호
• /
• pp.375-382
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 계피 정유 3종의 구성성분을 분석하였고, 미국선녀벌레에 대한 살충활성을 검정하였다. (E)-Cinnamaldehyde을 포함한 9종의 계피 정유 구성성분과 21종의 유사 물질을 미국선녀벌레 약충에 대해 살충활성을 검정한 결과, hydro-cinnamic acid가 반수치사농도 $1.55mg/cm^2$로 가장 좋은 살충활성을 보였으며, geranic acid도 $1.59mg/cm^2$로 높은 살충 활성을 보였다. Cinnamaldehyde를 포함한 hydro-cinnamaldehyde, (E)-cinnamaldehyde, cinnamdyl alcohol, cinnamyl acetate, dibutyl phtalate, anethole, a-cyano cinnamic acid, (s)-perillyl alcohol, methyl cinnamaldehyde, bonyl acetate 12종이 중간정도의 활성($1.60-4.94mg/cm^2$)을 보였으며, 다른 물질들은 살충활성이 낮거나 없었다. 미국선녀벌레 성충에 대해서는 eugenol 이 반수치사 농도 10.81 mg로 가장 높은 살충활성을 보였으며, geranic acid (30.68 mg)도 높은 살충력을 보였다. Cinnamaldehyde 등 9종이 반수 치사 농도 105.44~255.76 mg의 살충활성을 보였다. 다른 18종의 물질은 활성이 낮거나 없었다. 실제 포장인 인삼포장에 발생하는 미국선녀벌레에 대한 적용시험에서 cinnamon bark 정유와 cinnamon green leaf 정유가 각각 82.3%와 82.9%의 높은 살충활성을 보였다. 농업환경에서 고독성 합성살충제의 사용을 줄일 수 있는 방안으로 본 논문에서 선발한 계피정유가 미국선녀벌레의 약충 및 성충 방제에 유용한 수단으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.