• Journal of architectural history
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.99-118
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• 2012

This study aims to classify the architectural formation of the Stylobate of and Staircase types of Post-Lintel Construction in Backje style and Silla style and also to figure out their specific elements by periods and transformation characteristics. The scope of this study was restricted to architectural remains between the Three Kingdom period and the Goryeo period. To progress the investigation, the study classified remains in a similar type by period and type, and then and analyzed its character based on formation method and specific factors of subsidiary materials. As a result, its type can be classified as Backje type(I), Silla type(II) and Mixed type(III). Regionally, it is found that Woongjin, Sabi and surroundings in the capital of Backje, Gyeongju and main towns in the capital of Silla, and Gaeseong and main towns in the capital of Goryeo. In particular, type III has the characteristics of type I and II simultaneously, which has one or two layers Jangdaeseok stone between the foundation stone of stylobate and plate stone, and tends to be decorative when Taengjuseok stone is installed. For types of staircase, it could be classified as 6~7C Backje type(I), 7~9C Silla type(II) and 9C Mixed type(III) according to the formation method of Somaetdol (banister of stone stair). And from the 9th century on, decorated Somaetdol stone type(IV) of 1/4 circle shape began to appear. The common feature of stylobate of post-lintel and staircase is that it became simplified, abbreviated and decorative. It seems to be intended to secure simplicity of construction or structural stability.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.23-28
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• 2010

Fluent ver.6.3 is used as CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulator to predict the performance of snow-melting system by geothermal pipes energy. As the results of this simulation, it is clearly shown that $50^{\circ}C$ of working fluid in to geothermal evaluated as more effect comparing to $45^{\circ}C$ of working fluid. The Surface temperature is come to $5^{\circ}C$ at 1m/s speed and $50^{\circ}C$ temperature of the working fluid.

• Plant Journal
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2006

• Plant Journal
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.4-22
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• 2005

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 2007

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.20 no.1 s.75
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• pp.37-42
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.197-201
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• 2008

Conceptual cost estimates for domestic highway projects have generally been conducted using governmental unit-price references. Inaccuracies in governmental unit-price data has repeatedly addressed in the Korean construction industry which often lead to poor decision making and cost management practices. Thus, needs for developing a better way of conceptual cost estimating has been widely recognized. This research is considered as the first step in developing such model using real-world cost data based on actual construction activities. The data analyzed in this paper includes 41 P.S.C (Prestressed Concrete) Box bridges which broke into 4 categories based on construction methods such as I.L.M(Incremental Launching Method), M.S.S(Movable Scaffolding System), F.S.M(Full Staging Method), and F.C.M(Free Cantilever Method). Actual design documents; including actual cost estimating documents, drawings and specifications were carefully reviewed to effectively break down cost structures for PSC girder bridges. Among more than 40 cost categories for each P.S.C girder bridge type, 7 of them were identified which accounted for more than 95% of total construction cost (ILM: 99.47%, MSS: 99.22%, FSM: 98.18%, and FCM: 98.12%). In order to validate the clustering of cost categories, the variation of each cost category has been investigated which resulted in between -1.16 % and 0.59%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.207-215
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• 2004

There are various characteristics called for in work roll and intermediate rolls for cold rolling mills. Among these characteristics, the two main requirements are to ensure the quality of the rolled products and to reduce roll cost. To achieve these needs, resistance to wear, to thermal shock and to contact fatigue are especially important. This paper describes that new material(named DSR1) for intermediate rolls which greatly increases rolling campaign and improves resistance to wear has been developed. DSR1 was successfully manufactured and has been used in the cold rolling mill. It showed that Trial product was homogenous in hardness distribution and sufficient usable diameter. Also in service test, trial product is much more excellent rolling performance than conventional $5\%Cr$.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.54.1-54.1
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• 2001

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004