• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.393-398
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The association between tea consumption and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) remains controversial. This study aimed to determine whether tea consumption has an effect on CHD risk in Chinese adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In this hospital-based case-control study, 267 cases of CHD and 235 non-CHD controls were enrolled. Blood samples from all cases were examined. Cardiac function indices (left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase of the muscle or brain type), blood lipid index (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and blood coagulation function indices (fibrinogen and activated partial thromboplastin time) were recorded. Tea consumption of study participants was assessed by a specifically designed questionnaire. The baseline characteristics of the study populations were recorded, and CHD-related biomarkers were detected. Differences in baseline characteristics of the study participants were examined using t-tests for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical variables. Unconditional logistic regression was used to measure the association between tea and CHD. RESULTS: There were significant differences in cardiac function indices, blood lipid index, and blood coagulation indices between CHD cases and controls (P < 0.05). We found tea consumption reduced CHD risk in female participants (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.484, 95% CI: 0.242-0.968, P = 0.0403). Regarding the type of tea consumed, the risk of CHD was reduced in women who drank partially fermented tea (adjusted OR = 0.210, 95% CI: 0.084-0.522, P = 0.0008). Analytic results for the amount of tea consumed per unit time showed CHD risk was reduced in women who consumed 1-2 cups of tea per day (adjusted OR = 0.291, 95% CI: 0.131-0.643, P = 0.0023). A tea-drinking frequency of > 6 days/week was beneficial for CHD prevention (adjusted OR = 0.183, 95% CI: 0.049-0.679, P = 0.0112). When analyzed according to the duration of tea consumption, the risk of CHD was reduced in participants who had been drinking tea for 10-20 years (adjusted OR = 0.360, 95% CI: 0.137-0.946, P = 0.0382). CONCLUSIONS: Tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of CHD in female but not male populations in Guangzhou.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.163-175
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 비린 냄새 제거와 미생물 항균작용으로 저장성 향상 효과가 있는 참뽕가지를 어간장게장 제조에 이용하고자 이화학적 특성, VBN, 미생물 변화 및 아미노산 변화, 관능적 품질 특성을 평가하여 첨가량과 최적조건을 제시하는 것이다. pH는 숙성 1일과 5일 각 시료 간에 유의한 차이를 보였으며(p<0.001), 참뽕가지를 동일한 양으로 첨가하였을 경우, 숙성 기간에 따라 증가하였다. 염도는 숙성 1일에서 대조구보다 참뽕가지의 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의하게 낮아졌다(p<0.001). 당도는 숙성시간이 증가함에 따라 낮아졌다. L-value는 같은 양의 참뽕가지를 첨가하였을 때 숙성기간이 늘어날수록 값이 감소하여 색이 어두워졌다. a-value와 b-value는 숙성기간 1일, 참뽕가지 함량 100 g일 때 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. VBN 함량은 숙성기간 1일과 5일에서 G4에서 가장 낮은 VBN 함량을 나타내어 부패도가 가장 낮았으며, 미생물 수는 숙성 1일에 대조구가 가장 높았고, 참뽕가지 첨가량이 증가할수록 항균작용을 하여 대조구보다 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 총유리아미노산은 숙성기간이 지남에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 특성차이검사 결과는 쓴맛, 풀 냄새, 텁텁한 맛이 참뽕가지 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적(p<0.05)으로 진하다고 평가되었다. 감칠맛은 G4가 가장 높게 평가되었고, 참뽕가지를 첨가한 모든 시료가 대조구에 비하여 유의적(p<0.001)으로 구수하다고 평가되었다. 비린내는 참뽕가지를 첨가하지 않은 대조구에서 가장 높았으며, 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소한다고 평가되었다(p<0.001). 일반소비자들에 대한 기호도 검사결과, 향, 맛, 전반적인 기호도는 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.619-624
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E on microsomal mixed function oxidase system of kidney in streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 140$\pm$10g were randomly assigned to one control and three STZ-diabetic groups which were subdivided into vitamin E free diet(DM-0E group) 40mg vitamin E per kg diet(DM-40E group) and 400mg vitamin E per kg diet(DM-400E group). Vitamin E level of normal group was 40 mg per kg diet. Diabetes was experimentally induced by intravenous administration of 55 mg/kg B.W of STZ in citrate buffer(pH4.3) after 4 weeks feeding of experimental diets. Animals were sacrificed at the 6th day of diabetic state. The contents of cytochrome P450 in kidney were increased by 82, 54, 41% in DM-0E, DM-40E and DM-400E groups respectively when compared with normal group. The contents of cytochrome b5 in kidney were increased by 28% in DM-0E when compared with normal group but those of DM-40E and DM-400E groups were similar to that of normal group. The activities of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in kidney that were increased by 35% in DM-0E group. Levels of TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) in kidney were increased by 207, 129% and 72% in DM-0E and DM-400E groups respectively when compared with normal group but those of DM-40E and DM-400E groups were 26,44% lower than that of DM-0E groups. It is know that the activities of MFO system and lipid peroxidation were inhibited in kidney of STZ-induced diabetic rat by administeration of high doses of vitamin E.(Korean J Nutrition 33(6) : 619~624, 2000)

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.723-733
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference about pathogenesis of normal group and depression group(who' pulmonary function is below expected value). Author used DSOM to investigate oriental pathogenesis. Depression group is consisted of people who's FVC%(forced vital capacity)is below 80% or $FEV_1$/FVC%(Forced Expiratory Volume in 1sec/FVC) is below 70%, and they don't have history of lung disease(Athma, tuberculosis, COPD, suchlike). Normal group is consisted of people who's FVC%(Forced Vital Capacity) is in 80-120% and $FEV_1$/FVC%(Forced Expiratory Volume in 1sec/FVC) is above 70%. they also don't have history of lung disease. Author carried out each group's PFT(pulmonary function test) by ATS(American Thoracic Society) method. DSOM was used for oriental pathogenesis investigation of two groups. There was significant difference between normal group and depression group in Kidney(p<0.05). In depression group comparison of sex, there was significant difference between male and female in stagnation of qi, cold, heat, spleen, phlegm(p<0.05). In Normal group there was significant difference between male and female in stagnation of qi, blood stasis, cold, heat, spleen(p<0.05). In depression group comparison of smoke, there was no significant difference between smoker and non-smoker(p<0.05). In Normal group comparison of smoke, there was significant difference between smoker and non-smoker in heat(p<0.05). This result showed difference of the pathogenesis between Depression group and Normal group.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.210-218
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• 2003

연구배경 : 폐기능 검사는 폐질환을 진단하는 가장 기본적인 검사방법이며, 현재 연령과 신장을 포함하는 폐기능 검사의 예측식이 많이 이용되고 있다. 체성분 중 체지방량의 감소는 폐용적 증가와 상관관계가 있으며, 제지방량은 대개 근육으로 구성되어 있어 호흡근 훈련을 포함하여 물리적인 노력에 의해 증가될 수 있다. 이런 관점에서 볼 때 체지방량과 근육량의 변화는 폐기능에 영향을 미칠 가능성이 많다. 본 연구는 연령과 신장 뿐만 아니라 체질량지수, 체지방률, 제지방지수가 노력성 폐활량, 1초간 노력성 호기량, 노력성 호기중간유량 등 노력성 호기곡선에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2000년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 건강검진센터를 방문한 사람 중 폐기능 검사와 체성분 분석을 시행하여 폐기능이 정상이고 과거 특이한 병력이 없으며 검진 결과가 정상인 300명(남자 : 150명, 여자 : 150명) 평균 연령은 $45{\pm}13$세였다. 폐활량 측정법을 이용하여 측정한 폐기능 검사결과와 체성분 분석결과를 이용하여, 이들간의 관계를 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결 과 : 남자의 경우 노력성 폐활량을 설명하는데 제지방지수가 통계적으로 유의하였으며(p<0.05, $r^2=0.432$), 1초간 노력성 호기량을 설명하는데 체지방률과 제지방지수가 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<0.05, $r^2=0.567$). 여자의 경우 노력성 폐활량과 1초간 노력성 호기량을 설명하는데 체질량지수(FVC: p<0.05, $r^2=0.435$, $FEV_1$: p<0.05, $r^2=0.597$)와 체지방률(FVC: p<0.05, $r^2=0.491$, $FEV_1$: p<0.05, $r^2=0.654$)이 통계적으로 유의하였으며, 노력성 호기중간유량은 체지방률과 유의한 관련이 있었다(p<0.05, $r^2=0.337$). 결 론 : 체질량지수 및 체지방률 그리고 제지방지수는 노력성 폐활량, 1초간 노력성 호기량에 영향을 미치는 독립변수로 생각되며, 이들 체성분을 고려한 폐기능 검사도 임상에서 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.170-181
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• 1996

Objective : This study was tried to investigate the specific relationships among cognitve function, neurbehavioral symptoms, and daily living functions, as well as provide the guidline of more proper clinical approches for patients with subcortical cerebrovascular disease. Objects and Methods Subjects were 85 patients whose diagnosis was confirmed by brain CT or MRI and controls were 195 normal persons matched by educational level with the subjects. The cognitive functions were evaluated by BNA(Benton neuropsychiatric assessment), subjective neurobehavioral symptoms by SCL-90-R(Sympton Check List-90-Revised), objective neurobehavioral symptoms by NRS(Neurobehavioral Rating Scale), and daily living function symptoms by NRS(Neurobehavioral Rating Scale), and daily living function by GERRI(Geriatric Evaluation by Relative's Rating Instrument) and IADL(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale). Results: 1) Subjects showed significantly lower cognitive functions than controls in all tests of BNA except Lt-Rt Orientation Test(p=0.09) and facial Recognition Test(p=0.186). 2) In subjective neurobehavioral symptoms, subjects showed significantly lower scores in all symptoms except anxiety(p=0.059), hostility(p=0.159), and phobic anxiety(p=0.849). But in objects neurobehavioral symptoms, subjects showed significantly higher in scores in psychoticism (p=0.000) and neuroticism(p=0.025) of NRS. 3) The score of social functioning of GERRI(p=0.000) and that of IADL(p=0.000) were significantly higher in subjects than in controls. 4) for correlation between cognitive and daily living functions, there were significant correlations between the scores of all items on BNA and the score of cognitive or social function of GERRI and the socre of MDL in corntrols, whereas in subjects, there were significant correlations only between the scores of BNA and the score of IADL. 5) for correlation between neuroehavioral symptoms and daily living functions, there were significant correlatons between the socre of subjective neurobehavioral symptoms and the scores of all subscales of GERRI and the score of MDL in controls. On the contrary, in subjects, there were significant correlations between the score of social function of GERRI and the score of objective neurobehavioral symptoms such as psychoticism, agitiation-hostility, and decrease d motivation-emotional withdrawl. Conclusion : Above results suggest that disturbances in specific function of brain may play a role as a predictor of impairments with specific daily living functions and also suggest that specific correlations among various functions may be useful as clinical parameters for setting of the treatment goal and for assessing the ongoing process in the treatment and rehavilitation of the patients with subcortical cerebrovascular disease.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.179-200
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• 2013

Let $C[0,t]$ denote the function space of all real-valued continuous paths on $[0,t]$. Define $X_n:C[0,t]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ by $Xn(x)=(x(t_0),x(t_1),{\cdots},x(t_n))$, where $0=t_0$ < $t_1$ < ${\cdots}$ < $t_n$ < $t$ is a partition of $[0,t]$. In the present paper, using a simple formula for the conditional expectation given the conditioning function $X_n$, we evaluate the $L_p(1{\leq}p{\leq}{\infty})$-analytic conditional Fourier-Feynman transform and the conditional convolution product of the cylinder functions which have the form $$f((v_1,x),{\cdots},(v_r,x))\;for\;x{\in}C[0,t]$$, where {$v_1,{\cdots},v_r$} is an orthonormal subset of $L_2[0,t]$ and $f{\in}L_p(\mathbb{R}^r)$. We then investigate several relationships between the conditional Fourier-Feynman transform and the conditional convolution product of the cylinder functions.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.445-453
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• 2000

Objectives : The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of physical therapy and related factors on cognitive function in stroke patients. Methods : Questionnaires were completed by 36 stroke patients at physical therapy room in Dongeui Medical Center from September 1999 to September 2000. The Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea(MMSR-K) was used to assess the differences for cognitive function in patients who had suffered a stroke. Results: There were severe $16.7\%$, mild $16.6\%$, and normal $66.7\%$ in distributions for cognitive function. respectively. In the difference of cognitive function score for at initial, 25.64 for smokers had significantly higher than 20.36 for nonsmokers(p<0.05). Also, 26.21 for smokers had higher than 21.27 for nonsmokers alter a month(p<0.05). However, no significant difference existed in comparison at initial with after a month. 25.0 for patients without coma was higher than 9.50 for with(p<0.05), 25.80 for patients without was also higher than 10.16 for with in after a month. There were no statistically significant variables related to difference for cognitive performance in multiple regression analysis. conclusions: Results indicated that smoker and patients without coma at onset had high cognitive functions.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2020

Purpose : This study aims to evaluate the correlation of cognitive function, activities of daily living (ADL), and driving performance in stroke hemiplegic patients residing in Korea. Methods : Subjects of the study were 18 stroke hemiplegic patients admitted to hospitals situated in Seoul. A clock drawing test (CDT), a modified Barthel index (MBI), and a virtual reality driving simulator (Eca faros-driving simulator) were used to examine their cognitive function, their ADL ability, and their driving skills, respectively. Results : Driving skills of stroke hemiplegic patients were shown to be associated with the CDT evaluation tool (r=-.777) (p<.001), but they were found to have any correlation with MBI (r=-.022) (p>.05). Additionally, an individual's CDT showed that the driving simulator evaluation result (pass/fail) could be discriminated with a sensitivity of 100.0 %, a specificity of 40.0 %, and an accuracy of 66.7 %. The result confirmed that the CDT is a useful evaluation tool for screening driving ability in people with stroke. But the MBI did not show any significant results (sensitivity of 62.5 %, specificity of 40.0 %, and predicted the results of the simulator with 50.0 % of accuracy) (p>.05). Conclusion : This study shows that cognitive function influences the driving performance in people with stroke. Driving skills of stroke hemiplegic patients are seen to be highly related to CDT. In the field of driving rehabilitation, these findings could be useful for evaluating driving skills relating to CDT. Furthermore, the study results will set a guideline for domestic occupational therapists to use the evaluation tool for assessing driving abilities in people with stroke.

• Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.924-934
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• 2017

Objective To investigate the anatomical correlates of the neuropsychological deficits in patients with the cerebellar stroke. Methods We screened patients who were admitted to the National Rehabilitation Center with the cerebellar stroke between October 2012 and November 2016. The patients with the cerebellar stroke who underwent neuropsychological testing for which the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) or the SNSB-II were enrolled. The neuropsychological function capacities were compared in accordance with the stroke type (hemorrhagic vs. ischemic) and the location (right/left anterior, right/left posterior intermediate, right/left posterior lateral lobe, and vermis). Mean z-scores were computed to compare the patient performances with the population averages. Results Twenty-six patients (15 with ischemic stroke and 11 with hemorrhagic stroke) with a mean age of $54.8{\pm}16.6$ years were assessed $8.8{\pm}9.2$ months after the stroke. Differences in the neuropsychological functioning according to the stroke type were not observed. All of the numerical subtests of the stroke patients showed significantly poorer performances compared with the population averages (mean z-score <0), and some of the subtests revealed abnormal performances in attention-, visuospatial function-, memory-, and frontal/executive function-related tasks (mean z-score <-1). The patients with the presence of a lesion in the right posterior intermediate lobe of the cerebellum showed a poorer performance in the subtests evaluating the executive function including the Korean-version Stroop Test (p=0.04), the Digit Symbol Coding Test (p=0.01), and the Korean-version Trail Making Test (p=0.02) compared with the patients without that lesion. Conclusion The present study confirms that the cerebellar stroke affects the neuropsychological functioning which is associated with the anatomical site of stroke.