• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.4411-4414
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• 2011

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.257-257
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• 2023

• Science & Technology Policy
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• 제2권29호통권29호
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• pp.32-32
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• 1992

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• 제24권12B호
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• pp.2335-2341
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• 1999

The $2\times32$ coupler consists of Mach-Zehnder interferometer and Y branch coupler. For the designs of this coupler, three dimensional rectangular core waveguide decomposed to two-dimensional structure by the effective index method. To optimize the waveguide structure, the confinement factor was investigated with two-dimensional finite difference Beam Propagation Method. The $2\times32$ coupler fabricated by simulation with height between Mach-Zehnder arms, H=$43.6\mu\textrm{m}$(path difference $0.668\mu\textrm{m}$) was showed best characteristics. In the results of dry etching of core layer, the etching rate of core layer was above 2600${\AA}$/min, the etching ratio of SiO2 to Al mask was 30:1 and the uniformity of etching was $\pm$5%. The maximum insertion loss and the uniformity of $2\times32$ coupler were below 19.2dB, 2dB respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.1721-1724
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• 2011

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.441-451
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• 2019

In this paper, we introduce the notion of symmetric bi-f-derivation on subtraction algebra and investigated some related properties. Also, we prove that if D : X → X is a symmetric bi-f-derivation on X, then D satisfies D(x - y, z) = D(x, z) - f(y) for all x, y, z ∈ X.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.445-454
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• 2002

3-D P-wave velocity model in the southern Korean Peninsula is investigated by using the earthquake tomography method. This velocity model would be used to locate the exact hypocenter position, and also useful for our understanding of the crustal structure. The simultaneous inversion is used to get the minimum 1-D model and hypo-center relocation, which are used as an initial 3-D velocity model. The velocities in the minimum 1-D model are 6.04 km/s, 6.45 km/s, and 7.78 km/s between the depth of 0-19 km, 19-32 km, and 32-55 km respectively. In the 3-D P-wave velocity model, Layer 1 (0~3 km) has high velocities in Kyongsang basin, Yonglam massif, and Okchon folded belt, and low velocities in Kyonggi massif. In layer 2 (3~19 km) high velocities are predominent around Kyonsang basin and Yongnam massif except Yonil basin, but low velocities exist around Kyonggi massif and Okchon folded belt. In Laye. 3 (19~32 km) high velocities prevail throughout the southern part of Korean Peninsula, but low velocity does throughout the middle except SNU, YIN station in Konggi massif. In Layer 4 (32 km), the maximum velocity is showed in the middle and southwestern part, while the minimum velocity in the southeastern and coastal area. The depth of the velocity boundary corresponds to the crustal structure of the southern Korean Peninsula which is calculated by gravity data.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.203-211
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• 2012

This paper proposes a $16{\times}16$ and $32{\times}32$ inverse transform architecture for HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding). HEVC large transform of $16{\times}16$ and $32{\times}32$ suffers from huge computational complexity. To resolve this problem, we proposed a new large inverse transform architecture based on hardware reuse. The processing element is optimized by exploiting fully recursive and regular butterfly structure. To achieve low area, the processing element is implemented by shifters and adders without multiplier. Implementation of the proposed 2-D inverse transform architecture in 0.18 ${\mu}m$ technology shows about 300 MHz frequency and 287 Kgates area, which can process 4K ($3840{\times}2160$)@ 30 fps image.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.153-171
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• 2002

This study had three major purpose: 1) to examine the relationship between coloring factor of Hors d'oeuvre and preference of dishes. 2) to examine the relationship between coloring factor of Hors d'oeuvre and selection of dishes. 3) to examine the relationship between coloring factor of Hors d'oeuvre and customer satisfaction. Questionnaires for the study were distributed 300 subjects in deluxe class hotels in Seoul. Among 300 questionnaires, 280 subjects were collected and utilized for analysis. In HY hotel, 35 subjects of customers, 24 subjects of cooks, and 32 subjects of service personnels were collected. In R hotel, 29 subjects of customers, 32 subjects of cooks, and 32 subjects of service personnels were collected. In H hotel, 29 subjects of customers, 34 subjects of cooks, and 33 subjects of service personnels were collected. Analysis ways used for this study were frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, ANOVA, To accomplished the objective 1), ANOVA was utilized. To accomplished the objective 2) and 3), regression analysis was unitized. The findings from this study were as follows. First it was found that selection of dishes was affected by coloring factory of Hors d'oeuvre. Secondly, it was found that customer satisfaction was affected by coloring factor of Hors d'oeuvre. Consequently, development of Hors d'oeuvre by harmonizing of various colorings should be activated to raise level of preference of dishes. Also, in regard to level of satisfaction, harmony of various colorings should be required.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.5-13
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• 1990

본 논문에서는 16Kbps 및 32 Kbps 전송속도에서 ADM의 음질을 개선하기 위하여 두 가지 방 식을 적용한다. 첫째로, 고차 예측기 또는 적응 예측기를 ADM에 활용한다. ADM의 경우에 2차 또는 3 차 예측기를 사용하면 16Kbps 전송속도에서는 별로 개선이 없지만 32Kbps 전송속도에서는 SQNR\sub SEG\척도로 약 3-4dB의 상당한 이득이 얻어진다. 또한 ADM에 적응 예측기를 활용하면 최대 성능은 SZNR\sub SEG\ dir 2dB 정도 개선되지만 양자화 잡음의 축적 때문에 동작 범위가 매우 좁아진다. 둘 째로, 지연 결정 방식을 ADM에 이용한다. 지연 결정 방식을 2차 예측기를 갖고 있는 ADM에 적용하면 약 2dB 정도 개선되지만 양자화 잡음의 축적 때문에 동작 범위가 매우 좁아진다. 둘째로 지연 결정 방 식을 ADM 에 이용한다. 지연 결정 방식을 2차 예측기를 갖고 있는 ADM에 적용하면 1차 예측기를 갖 고 있는 ADMDP 적용했을 때 보다 16또는 32Kbps일 때 SQNR\sub SEG\척도로 재래의 ADM 보다 약 5dB 정도의 성능 개선이 얻어진다.