• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.343-348
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• 1995

Let X and Y be two normed spaces and D a nonempty convex subset of X. Let $T : X \ to L(X,Y)$ be a mapping, where L(X,Y) is the space of all continuous linear mappings from X into Y. And let $C : D \to 2^Y$ be a set-valued map such that for each $x \in D$, C(x) is a convex cone in Y such that Int $C(x) \neq 0 and C(x) \neq Y$, where Int denotes the interior.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.11-17
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• 1983

In this paper, the application of the explicit M.R.A.C. algorithms to the D.C. motor speed control using the microprocessor is studied. The adaptation algorithms are derived from the gradient method and the exponentially weighted least square [E.W.L.S.] method. In order to minimize the computational instability of the E.W.L.S. method, the adaptation algorithm of UDUt factorization method is developed, and because of the characteristics of the D.C. motor (dead-aone phenomenon) , the SM. gra-dient type algorithm is also improved from the gradient type algorithm. Computer simulations and experiments show that these algorithms adapt well to the rapid change of the reference input and the load.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.401-409
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• 2018

Decay of fruit is one of the greatest issues in fruit storage. Purpose: In this study, citrus sterilization was performed to evaluate a dry sterilization method using an atmospheric-pressure nonthermal plasma treatment based on a dielectric-barrier discharge technique. Methods: Citrus samples were stored under four different environmental conditions as follows: group A had cold storage with plasma treatment with a temperature of $6.2{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity (RH) of $93.4{\pm}8.2%$, group B had ambient-temperature storage with $22.9{\pm}2.3^{\circ}C$ and $82.1{\pm}4.5%$ RH, group C ambient-temperature storage with plasma treatment with $25.3{\pm}2.2^{\circ}C$ and $90.0{\pm}2.8%$ RH, and group D had cold storage with $5.7{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ and $93.4{\pm}6.5%$ RH. Results: As a result of citrus surface sterilization by plasma treatment, treatment groups A and C together showed an average of 16.1 CFU/mL of mold colonies, while control groups B and D showed an average of $2.2{\times}10^2CFU/mL$ or approximately 13 times greater than the treatment groups. Regarding the mean concentration of aerobic bacteria colonies, the treatment groups (A and C) and control groups (B and D) showed an average of 7.1 CFU/mL and $1.9{\times}10^3CFU/mL$, respectively. This is approximately a 270-fold difference in the concentration of pathogen colonies between treatment and control groups. Conclusions: The results showed the potential of nonthermal plasma treatment for citrus storage in enhancing storage duration and quality preservation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.233-239
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• 1999

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of the supplementation of lactic acid bacterias (LAB; S. thermophilus, L. acidophilus) aluminum accumulation and function kidney in rats treated with 250 g/g aluminum sulfate for 4 weeks. Fifty male Sprague Dawley strains were divided into five groups according to the types of supplement. the control, S. thermophilus culture group(A), autoclaved S. thermophilus culture(B), L. acidophilus culture group(C) and autoclaved L. acidophilus(D). The weight gain was increased by supplementation of S. thermophilus culture(A), autoclaved S. thermophilus culture(B), L. acidophilus culture(C), autoclaved L. acidophilus culture(D), especially by supplementation of S. thermophilus cultured(A) as compared to control group. The amount of water intake was increased in control group as compared to the LAB supplemented group. The content of aluminum were decreased 19.57%, 31.25%, 37.10%, and 32.40% in kidney after supplementation of non autoclaved culture group (A,C), and autoclaved group(B,D) respectively, as compared to control group. Water balance, urine volume, and excretion of sodium and potassium decreased in LAB supplemented group and control group. Excretion of creatinine increased in control group and tendency to increased in LAB supplemented group. In conclusion, the effect of suppression of aluminum accumulation was more effective in sup plementation of S. thermophilus culture(A), and L. acidophilus culture(C) than autoclaved S. thermo philus culture(B), and L. acidophilus culture(D).

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.379-385
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• 1995

The effect of low concentrations of ethanol (3-7％, v/v) in tryptic soy broth (TSB) as an antibacterial agent against Listeria monocytogenes was tested at -20, 5, 35, 45, 50 and 55$^{\circ}C$. Increasing concentrations of ethanol progressively inhibited initial growth of L. monocytogenes at 35$^{\circ}C$. Growth occured at 5％ ethanol, but only after a prolonged lag period. The number of viable cells of L. monocytogenes declined during incubation at 7％ ethanol. TSB containing 3-7％ ethanol was inoculated with 10$\^$5/-10$\^$6/ cells/$m\ell$ or L. monocytogenes and incubated at low temperatures (5$^{\circ}C$, -20$^{\circ}C$). In the presence of 3％ of ethanol at 5 or -20$^{\circ}C$, bacterial growth was inhibited more than 90％ of control cells. TSB containing 3-7％ ethanol was inoculated with 10$\^$6/-10$\^$7/ cells/$m\ell$ of L. monocytogenes and incubated at high temperatures (45$^{\circ}C$, 50$^{\circ}C$, 55$^{\circ}C$). Decrease in viability of the cells incubated at 45 or 50$^{\circ}C$ was slow and the survival of L. monocytogenes was not affected so much in the presence of 3％ of ethanol. The viability of L. monocytogenes was decreased with increasing concentration of ethanol and temperature. Decimal reduction times (D-values) based on tryptic soy agar plates at 55$^{\circ}C$ were 20.1, 12.6, 7.4 and 4.2 min in 0, 3, 5 and 7％ ethanol, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 1995

Leaf mesophyll protoplasts of Dianthus superbus were cultured in MSP1 liquid medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BAP, 2.0 mg/L NAA and 9% mannitol. Protoplast-derived colonies were formed after 3 to 4 weeks of culture in the dark at 27$^{\circ}C$. These colonies were kept under continuous illumination (21.5 $\mu$E. m-2 sec-1) for 2 weeks and finally most of the colonies became green microcalli, about 3 mm in diameter. When green microcalli were transferred to MS solidified medium with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D, they formed embryogenic calli after 4 week of culture. These calli were then transferred onto $N_{6}$ medium containing 0.1mg/L 2,4-D, 0.1 mg/L NAA, 2.0 mg/L kinetin and 2.0 g/L casein hydrolysate and cultured under illumination. After 5 weeks of culture the calli gave rise to multiple shoots of 10 to 15 per callus. Upon transfer onto MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L NAA, they were noted. The regenerates were successfully transplanted into potting soil.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.30 no.5 s.81
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• pp.402-409
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• 2004

I performed the research about the drinking water treatment by precoat filtration and activated carbon adsorption process in the D water treatment plant at Gwangju. D water treatment plant inlet water is supplied from Juam lake in Jeollanamdo. The results are as follows; 1. Element disk used in this experiment are R(pore size $10{\mu}m$), B(pore size $20{\mu}m$). And diatomaceous earth are A(cake pore size $3.5{\mu}m$), B(cake pore size $7{\mu}m$) and C(cake pore size $17{\mu}m$) 2. Filtrate of precoat filter during 30 min are B-C 10.2 > BB 5.7 > R-A 5.4 ($m^3/m^2$). 3. The water quality through B-C+AC and R-A+AC are DOC 1.76 mg/1, 1.288 m/l respectively. 4. total THMs produced by chlorination are $84.2{\mu}g/l$(B-C+AC), $66.11{\mu}g/l$ (R-A+AC), $97{\mu}g/l$ (rapid sand filtration water) respectively. 5. The R-A+AC and B-C+AC process can be substitute of CWTS.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.520-524
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• 2004

A protein that exhibited a high similarity to a major serine transporter of Escherichia coli, SdaC, was found in Haemophilus injluenzae Rd. Also, $Na^+$-stimulated serine transport activity was detected in the cells. The sdaC of H. injluenzae was cloned and the properties of the transporter were investigated. The activity of serine transport was stimulated by $Na^+$. Uptake of $Na^+$ elicited by L-serine influx into cells was also observed, which supports the idea that L-serine is transported by a mechanism of $Na^+$serine symport. No uptake of $H^+$ elicited by L-serine influx was detected. This result was not consistent with that obtained with the homologous protein, SdaC of E. coli, which uses $H^+$as a coupling cation. The serine transport via the SdaC of H. influenzae was not inhibited by other amino acids such as threonine or D-serine like the SdaC of E. coli. Thus, the SdaC of H. influenzae is a $Na^+$-dependent L-serine specific symporter and an unusual natural mutant. The $K_m$ and the $V_{max}$, value for the serine transport in the SdaC of H. influenzae were $7.6\mu$M and 22.9 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.174-178
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the changes of the hematological and hepatic function in the mouse after the adminstration of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen extracted by a different refining process during 30 days. The experimental groups divided seven. Control group was administered mice with 0.9％ saline(4mL/kg). The experimental groups were divided 10％ bamboo extract(B1, C1 and D1 experimental groups) and 30％ bamboo extract(B2, C2, D2 experimental groups)administered groups(4mL/kg). Hematological results: RBC(P<0.05) and Hct(P<0.05) were significantly decreased in the D2 group. The activity of transaminase(P<0.05) of D2 group was significantly increased, but the activities of SOD(P<0.05) and catalase(P<0.01) were significantly decreased, in the D group. Histopathological observation: Ballooned hepatocytes were occurred periportal vein in the D1 and D2 groups, and necrosis of hepatic nuclei in the D2 group were observed. The results indicated that hematological and histopathological toxicity were occurred in the administered group of bamboo extract D refined by 2 times distilling at $108{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychosomatic health status of printers. The 77 printers and 24 control group were analysed about salary, drinking, smoking, education, sex, marriage, age and working age by the THI (Todai Health Index) questionaire. THI was modified from CMI(Cornell Medical Index) and developed by Tokyo University Research Team in Japan. The resuts obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The printers, who get more salary showed high score about mental conplaints, especially, mental irritability(j), nervusness (E), lie Scale(L), aggressiveness(F) and irregualr life(G) and lower salary showed generally high score about physical complaints, especially, mouth and anus (D), digestive symptom(C) multiple subjective symptom(I). 2. According to the printers drinking amount shows the difference, eg nondrinker scored higher on mouth and anus(D), 90mg/week drinker scored higher on multiple subjective symptom(I), digestive symptom(C), depression(K), nervousness(E), and irregular life(G), 91~179mg/week drinker scored higher on impulsiveness(H), mental irritability(J), 270~359mg/week drinker scored higher on respiratory(A), lie scale (L) and aggressiveness (F). 3. The nonsmoker scored high level on mouth and anus(D), mental irritability(J). The previous smoker scored on multiple symptom(I), eyes and skin(B), digestive(C), lie scale(L), and depression(K). The present smoker scored on respiratory(A), impulsivehess(H), aggressiveness(F), nervousness(E), and irregular life(G). 4. According to the printers working age showed almost high score about subjective symptoms on 1~3 year. 5. Men printers high scored on respiratory(A). lie scale(L), aggressiveness(F), women printers scored about mental complaints, especially, impulsiveness(H), mental irritability(J), depression (K), nervousness (E). 6. According to the printers age showed high scored about, below 20 years were lie scale(L). aggressiveness(F), irregular life(G) 21~30years were multiple subjective symptom(I) respiratory (A), eyes and skin(B), mouth and anus(D), impulsiveness(H), mental irritability(J), depression (K), nervousness(E), and over 41 years were digestive(C). 7. Married printers scored high level on eyes and skin(B), digestive(C) and impulsivehess(H), and single printers on respiratory(A), mouth and anus(D), lie scale(L), mental irritability(J). 8. According to education shows the difference, eg high school scored higher on eyes and skin (B), mental irritability(J), depression(K), nervousness(E), collage and over scored higher on multiple subjective symptom(I ), respiratory (A), mouth and anus (D), lie scale (L), aggressiveness (F), irregular life (G), and middle school scored high on digestive (C), impulsiveness (H).