• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.15-23
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• 2013

Purpose - This is a case study aimed at finding a solution for improving the pallet loading efficiency in the process of delivering products through a transshipment using the T-11 and T-12 pallet systems. The study proposes a solution by demonstrating the case of a certain manufacturer A, who aims to reduce the logistics cost by using packaging sizes that are commonly applicable and can improve the compatibility between the T-11 pallet system, designated as the standard pallet in Korea, and the T-12 pallet system, which is commonly used in other foreign countries. The use of common sizes increases compatibility among the two systems and reduces both logistics and environmental costs. Thus, this case study calculates the quantitative benefits of applying common packaging sizes to improve the compatibility between the T-11 and T-12 pallet systems. These systems are considered to be the most important and widely used transportation systems in the global logistics industry. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examined manufacturer A's representative product and delivery system and assessed how manufacturer A was affected by the use of incompatible packaging sizes in the T-11 (1100 mm×1100 mm) and T-12 (1200mm×1000 mm) pallet systems, which were specified in the KS T 1002 standard. In addition, this study analyzed the impact of these packaging sizes on A's logistics cost. The TOPS program (Total Packaging System) was used to simulate pallet loading efficiency,and the main parameter studied was volume, as calculated from length, width, and height. Results - When the sizes of secondary packaging were not compatible across the T-11 and T-12 pallet systems, a reduction in loading efficiency was observed, leading to an increase in logistics cost during transshipment. Such low loading efficiencies led to a further loss of efficiency in transportation, storage and unloading. This may have a possible environmental impact with high social expenses, such as increased CO₂ emissions. Hence, this study proposed that the KS T 1002 standard be amended to include 21 packaging sizes, including 7 sizes of the 600 mm×500 mm category, which are compatible with both the T-11 and T-12 pallet systems. Conclusions - This study found that the 69 standard sizes under the T-11 pallet system and the 40 standard sizes under the T-12 system in the KS T 1002 standard can be simplified and reduced to 21 mutually compatible packaging sizes, enabling logistics standardization and reducing national-level logistics costs. If the government pays attention to this study and considers the standardization of common sizes for the T-11 and T-12 pallet systems and amends the KS T 1002 standard, this study will deliver practical value to the global logistics industry, apart from being of academic significance.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2003

A very small size 2.4 GHz ISM band BPF(Band Pass Filter) is realized using LTCC Multi-layer technology. Proposed design method enables to achieve BPF size $2.0\times1.2\times0.8mm^3$. A $lambda/4$ resonator with shunt-to-ground loaded capacitor is used to shorten resonator length, achieving higher quality factor. Also this resonator enables BPF to improve out-of-band rejection. Coupling coefficients between coupled strip-line resonators and external quality factor (Qe) of a resonator are derived and applied to the filter design. The measured results show good agreement with simulated data.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.152-166
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• 2020

Background: Ginsenosides, which have various physiological activities, are known to be abundant in the leaves and roots of ginseng. Ginseng sprouts can be used as a fresh vegetable and roots, stems, and leaves of ginseng can be consumed. This study aimed to investigate the effect of carbon dioxide treatment and the modified atmosphere (MA) packaging method in suppressing quality deterioration during the distribution of ginseng sprouts. Methods and Results: Ginseng sprouts were packed using Styrofoam, barrier film + non gas treatment, barrier film + gas treatment, 15 ㎛ polyamide (PA) double film + non gas treatment, 15 ㎛ PA double film + gas treatment, 25 ㎛ PA film + non gas treatment, or 25 ㎛ PA film + gas treatment. Quality parameters including gas composition, relative humidity, chlorophyll SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) value, firmness, and rate of quality loss in ginseng sprouts were monitored at the following temperatures: 20℃, and 10℃. Ginseng sprouts packaged with 25 ㎛ PA film showed loss in quality because of wilting owing to low relative humidity within the film. Chlorophyll and firmness did not differ between film and gas treatments. The time point at which the combined loss from softening and decay owing to fungal, and bacterial infection and wilt reached 20% was considered the limit of distribution. At 20℃, the packaging not included in the 20% distribution loss rate limit or up to 7 days was 15 ㎛ PA double film + gas treatment. At 10℃, the packaging not included in the 20% distribution loss rate limit for up to 18 days were barrier film + gas treatment and 15 ㎛ PA double film + gas treatment. Conclusions: The film packaging suitable for the distribution of ginseng sprouts was found to be the barrier film and PA film with low gas permeability and maintaining hygroscopicity at 95% relative humidity. To prevent the loss in quality of ginseng sprouts, gas treatment (8% of O₂ and 18% of CO₂) in the film was found to be more suitable than no gas treatment for inhibition of decay.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.25-32
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• 2021

In this paper, the Magneto-Electric(ME) dipole array antenna with dual-polarization in the X-Band is proposed and it is implemented and measured. The proposed array antenna is composed of 32 single ME dipole antenna and a Teflon PCB. 1 × 1 ME dipole antenna is implemented dual-polarization by radiating vertical polarization and horizontal polarization from two pairs of radiators. 2-port feeding structures are realized by lamination process using LTCC. And, each port independently feeds the radiator through a Γ-shaped feeding strip with isolation between ports. The Teflon PCB used in the antenna array has a 4-layer structure, and 2-port is fed through the top and bottom layers. The λ_g/4 transformer is applied to the transmission line of the Teflon PCB for impedance matching of the arrayed antenna and the Teflon PCB, and the optimal parameters are obtained through simulation. The measured maximum antenna gains of port 1 was 18.2 dBi, Cross-pol was 1.0 dBi. And the measured maximum antenna gains of port 1 was 18.1 dBi, Cross-pol was 3.2 dBi.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.91-95
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• 2002

A very small size BPF is realized using LTCC Multilayer technology. A λ/4 resonator with shunt-to-ground loaded capacitor is used to shorten resonator length and achieve higher qualityfactor. Also this resonator enable BPF to improve out-of-band rejection. Coupling coefficients between coupled stripline resonators and external qualityfactor of a resonator are derived and apply to the filter design. The measured results show a good agreement with the simulation.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.79-83
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• 2012

LTCC (Low temperature co-fired ceramic) package have been paid much attention due its good reliability, miniaturization, and application of silver paste with complex wiring and printing. Therefore, LTCC package has been expected to replace vulnerable plastic package in the field of high power LED device. Currently, LTCC ceramic package is mainly made up of aluminum oxide powder. In this study, zinc oxide powder is added or replaced for the fabrication of LTCC ceramic body. By adding small amount of ZnO, thermal conductivity of the LTCC ceramic body could be remarkably increased by 25% leading to the extension of LED life time. The LTCC package structure with composition including ZnO has an increased thermal flux by 56% as a result of ANSYS simulation. Actually, the fabricated LED package with the addition of ZnO exhibits a decreased thermal resistivity by 14.9%.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.590-595
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• 1994

Kimchi packed in PP tray was stored at $10^{\circ}C$ to investigate the effect of filling ratio on the quality changes. The quality of Kimchi studied were gas composition in the package, pH, titratable acidity, color, growth of lactic acid bacteria and sensory properties. As the filling ratio increased, there was more $O_{2}$ consumption and $CO_{2}$ evolution measured. Titratable acidity and pH were not significantly affected by the filling ratio. Color change of crushed Kimchi juice was also little affected by the filling ratio. During the storage, L and b values were decreased exponentially, but a value s remained constant. The growth of lactic acid bacteria and sensory scores showed no significant difference according to the filling ratio. Therefore, the filling ratio in packaging of Kimchi seemed to have little influence on the quality changes of Kimchi.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.341-347
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• 1984

In order to provide orange sac for off-season processing of sac-suspended orange juice, orange was processed into intermediate form of orange sac or segment, stored at $20^{\circ}C$ and after 5 months of storage the intermediate product was finally processed into sac-suspended orange juice. Adaptability of various process and packaging was assessed. Pasteurized orange sac and segment could be relatively stable in view of microbiological spoilage during 5 months of storage. Between pasteurization methods of hot fill process and each of in-pouch or in-can process, there is no difference in quality of preliminary processed product during storage and final sac-suspended orange juice. In packaging method, metal can gave the best result and the next was 3 ply (PE/AL/PET) pouch and the last 2 ply (PE/PET) pouch. Storage in segment form was superior to sac storage. Sensory evaluation revealed better scores in final product processed from stored orange sac or segment than in control (initially processed sac-suspended orange juice) except 2 ply packaged sac.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.35-40
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• 2015

An IP-2 type container is used for the transport of low-level radioactive materials. An IP-2 type metal container was modeled and analyzed for the dropping conditions in normal transport conditions required by NSSC Notice 2014-50, "Regulations on the packaging and transport of radioactive materials." Structural analyses were performed by finite element method, and the acceptability was reviewed by comparing the results with technical standards and maximum allowable stresses of each material. Structural members of the container were modeled as 3D solid elements, and the possible dropping directions were considered in these analyses. Results show that maximum stresses, maximum deformed gaps in the cover, and maximum estimated thickness reduction in structural members were well below the allowable limits; thus, the structural integrity of the container was confirmed.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2004

A compact embedded tapped-line combline filter with interdigital capacitors using low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology for wireless application is proposed. Also, in-situ measurement using T-pattern microstrip resonator was performed to acquire exact knowledge of electrical properties of the LTCC substrate. The proposed filter makes it possible to realize a relatively small size, 2.7mm${\times}$2.03mm. by employing interdigital and combline structure. It shows 1.8 ㏈ insertion loss, 37.6㏈ return loss, and 280 MHz bandwidth at the center frequency of 5.09 GHz. Its small size and simple structure make it a good candidate as an integrated filter for various LTCC substrates.