• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.248-258
• /
• 1986

치환 Oxiranes의 C-C결합 절단에 의한 알켄의 고리첨가 반응의 반응성을 규명하기 위하여 치환기 -CN, $-OCH_3,\;-SCH_3$에 대하여 (1) 치환기가 C-C고리열림 반응에 어떤 영향을 미치고 있는지 (2)치환기가 전이상태와 중간체의 구조에 어떤 영향을 미치고 있는지 (3)carbonyl yildes의 이성화장벽에 어떤 기여를 하고 있는지 (4)고리첨가 반응의 반응성에 치환기가 어떤 효과를 미치는지를 MNDO-SCF-MO법 계산에 의하여 연구하였다. 본 연구에서는 모든 분자의 기하학적 구조를 optimize하였으며 반응경로, 전이상태, 중간체의 계산을 실시하여 반응성과 치환기 효과를 논하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.621-626
• /
• 2010

본 연구에서는 이미다졸계의 이온성액체를 폴리스티렌계 고분자에 고정화시킨 촉매를 제조하고, 알릴글리시딜에테르(AGE)와 이산화탄소의 부가반응을 통한 알릴글리시딜카보네이트의 합성반응에서 이 촉매의 반응특성을 고찰하였다. 고정화된 이온성액체는 공중합된 폴리스티렌계 고분자에 이미다졸이 고정화됨으로써 형성되었다. 제조된 촉매에 대해서 EA, FT-IR, TGA 그리고 SEM 등 다양한 기기분석을 통하여 특성분석을 수행하였다. 고정화된 이온성액체 촉매는 반응온도 $120^{\circ}C$, 이산화탄소 압력 1.48 MPa에서 AGE 전환율이 80%이고 생성물의 선택도가 96% 이상으로 우수한 반응성을 나타내었다. 또한 고정화된 이온성액체 촉매는 4회 연속 사용하여도 초기의 활성이 크게 감소하지 않아 안정성이 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.112-114
• /
• 1981

The photocycloaddition reaction of 8-methoxypsoralen with purine and/or pyrimidine bases is studied as a model for the charge transfer interactions of psoralens with DNA bases by the FMO method. The results indicate that, in the case of the molecular complex formation between psoralens and purine and/or pyrimidine bases, the most probable photocycloaddition should occur in the following order: Thy (5,6)<>(3,4) 8-MOP, Cyt(5,6)<>(3,4)8-MOP, Ade (7,8)<>(3,4)8-MOP, Gua(7,8)<>(3,4)8-MOP. The theoretical results for the photocycloaddition reaction are also correlated with the experimental results. The photoadducts between 8-methoxypsoralen and adenine are likely to be C4-cycloadducts through the cycloaddition of 3,4-pyrone double bond of 8-methoxypsoralen to 7,8-double bond of adenine.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.298-300
• /
• 1987

The theoretical studies on the photocycloaddition reaction of 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin and 4',5'-dihydropsoralen with thymidine were carried out as a model for photosensitizing reaction of psoralen with DNA. The results are in reasonable agreement with experimental observations. The photoadducts between dimethoxycoumarin and thymidine were predicted to be $C_{4}$-cycloadducts through the cycloaddition of 3,4-pyrone double bond of dimethoxycoumarin to 5,6 double bond of thymidine. The major photoadduct of 4',5'-dihydropsoralen with thymidine has the anti head-to-head stereochemistry.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.102-105
• /
• 1987

2-Methoxy-6-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran ($1_a$), 2-ethoxy-3,6-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran ($1_b$), and 2-ethoxy-3-methyl-6-ethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran ($1_c$) were prepared by (4 + 2) cycloaddition reaction from the corresponding vinyl ketones and alkyl vinyl ethers. Compounds $1_{a-c}$ were ring-open polymerized by cationic catalyst to obtain alternating head-to-head (H-H) copolymers. For comparison, copolymer of head-to-tail (H-T) was also prepared by free radical copolymerization of the mixture of the corresponding monomers. The H-H copolymer exhibited some differences in its $^1H$ NMR and IR spectra. However, significant differences were showed between the H-H and H-T copolymers in the $^{13}C$ NMR spectra. Also noteworthy was that$T_g$ value of H-H copolymer was higher than that of the corresponding H-T structure. Decomposition temperature of the H-H copolymer was lower than that of the H-T copolymer. All the H-H and H-T copolymers were soluble in common solvents.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.340-344
• /
• 1998

A facile synthesis of 4,5-(1',2'-diphenylethylenedithio)-1,3-dithiole-2-thione (dPhEDT-DTT) is carried out via a Diels-Alder type [2+4] cycloaddition reaction of 1,3-dithiol-2,4,5-trithione oligomer and t-stilbene. Molecular structure of dPhEDT-DTT is determined by x-ray crystallography: space group P1, a=11.694(3) Å, b=12.117(3) Å, c=14.688(3) Å, α=113.12(2)°, β=102.23(2)°, γ=107.02(2)°, V= 1699.1(7) Å3, Z=2. It turns out that dPhEDT-DTT crystallizes as a racemic compound consisting of (R,R) and (S,S) enantiomers. Coupling reaction of dPhEDT-DTO undergone in neat P(OEt)3 yields TTF(SEt)4 instead of ET derivative. When PR3 (R=OEt, OPh, Ph) is used in benzene, toluene or xylene, however, dPhEDT-DTO is decomposed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.176-179
• /
• 1988

3-Methoxy-4-cyano-2,9-dioxabicyclo[4.3.0]non-3-e ne (1) was prepared by (4 + 2) cycloaddition reaction of methyl ${\alpha}$-cyanoacrylate with 2,3-dihydrofuran. Compound 1 was ring-open polymerized by cationic catalyst such as boron trifluoride etherate to obtain alternating head-to-head (H-H) copolymer (2) of methyl $\alpha$ -cyanoacrylate and 2,3-dihydrofuran. For comparison, head-to-tail (H-T) copolymer (3) was also prepared by free radical copolymerization of the corresponding monomers. The H-H copolymer exhibited minor differences in its $^1H$-NMR and IR spectra, but in the $^{13}C$-NMR spectra significant differences were observed between the H-H and H-T copolymers. All of the H-H and H-T copolymers were soluble in common solvents and the inherent viscosities were in the range 0.2-0.3 dl/g.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제33권12호
• /
• pp.4161-4164
• /
• 2012

Density functional MO calculations for the methylsilole anion of $[C_4H_4SiMe]^-$ and methylgermole anion of $[C_4H_4SiMe]^-$ at the B3LYP (full)/6-311+$G^*$ level (GAUSSIAN 94) were carried out and characterized by frequency analysis. The ground state structure for the methylsilole anion and methylgermole anion is that the methyl group is pyramidalized with highly localized structure. The difference between the calculated $C_{\alpha}-C_{\beta}$ and $C_{\beta}-C_{\beta}$ distances are 9.4 and 11.5 pm, respectively. The E-Me vector forms an angle of $67.9^{\circ}$ and $78.2^{\circ}$ with the $C_4E$ plane, respectively. The optimized structures of the saddle point state for the methylsilole anion and methylgermole anion have been also found as a planar with highly delocalized structure. The optimized $C_{\alpha}-C_{\beta}$ and $C_{\beta}-C_{\beta}$ distances are nearly equal for both cases. The methyl group is located in the plane of $C_4E$ ring and the angle between the E-Me vector and the $C_4E$ plane for the methylsilole anion and methylgermole anion is $2.0^{\circ}$ and $2.3^{\circ}$, respectively. The energy difference between the ground state structure and the transition state structure is only 5.1 kcal $mol^{-1}$ for the methylsilole anion. However, the energy difference of the methylgermole anion is 14.9 kcal $mol^{-1}$, which is much higher than that for the corresponding methylsilole monoanion by 9.8 kcal $mol^{-1}$. Based on MO calculations, we suggest that the head-to-tail dimer compound, 4, result from [2+2] cycloaddition of silicon-carbon double bond character in the highly delocalized transition state of 1. However, the inversion barrier for the methylgermole anion is too high to dimerize.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.487-490
• /
• 1993

A semiempirical methods (PM3-CI-UHF. etc.) for the evaluation of ground and excited state electronic structures of psoralens are applied to angelicin with thymine. The photocycloaddition reaction of angelicin with thymine were deduced to be formed by their preferable HSOMO-LUMO interactions. The photoadduct was inferred to be a C$_{4-}$cycloaddition product with the stereochemistry of cis-anti formed through [2+2] addition reaction between, the 3,4 double bonds of angelicin and the 5,6-double bond of thymine.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제40권11호
• /
• pp.692-698
• /
• 1996

해양천연물 Discokiolide B의 옥사졸 골격인 discokiic acid 1을 합성하였다. 2[2'-(4-Phenyl-3-butenyl)]-1, 3-oxazole-4-carboxaldehyde(4a)와 methyl propionate의 리튬 enolate와의 알돌반응으로부터 discokiic acid methyl ester를 합성하였다. 중요한 반응중간체인 2[2'-(4-Phenyl-3-butenyl)]-1, 3-oxazole-4-carboxaldehyde(4a)는 디아조 말론알데히드와 니트릴을 로듐촉매하에서 반응시켜 얻었다. Discokiic acid의 오른쪽 측쇄 부분인 3-hydroxy-2-methyl 프로판산 부분의 상대적인 입체화학을$^1H$와 $^{13}C$ 핵자기공명 데이터에 근거하여 결정하였다.