• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2018

p38 MAP kinase belongs to the Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family; a serine/threonine kinase. It plays an important role in intracellular signal transduction pathways. It is associated with the development and progression of various cancer types making it a crucial drug target. Present study involves the HQSAR analysis of recently reported imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine derivatives as p38 MAP kinase antagonists. The model was generated with Atom (A), bond (B), chirality (Ch), and hydrogen (H) parameters and with different set of atom counts to improve the model. An acceptable HQSAR model ($q^2=0.522$, SDEP=0.479, NOC=5, $r^2=0.703$, SEE=0.378, BHL=97) was developed which exhibits good predictive ability. A contribution map for the most active compound (compound 17) illustrated that hydrogen and nitrogen atoms in the ring A and ring B, as well as nitrogen atom in ring C and the hydrogen atom in the ring D provided positive activity in inhibitory effect while, the least active compound (compound 05) possessed negative contribution to inhibitory effect. Hence, analysis of produced HQSAR model can provide insights in the designing potent and selective p38 MAP kinase antagonists.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.274-292
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• 2011

This paper proposes an efficient coding method of the depth-map which is different from the natural images. The depth-map are so smooth in both inner parts of the objects and background, but it has sharp edges on the object-boundaries like a cliff. In addition, when a depth-map block is decomposed into bit planes, the characteristic of perfect matching or inverted matching between bit planes often occurs on the object-boundaries. Therefore, the proposed depth-map coding scheme is designed to have the bit-plane unit coding method using the adaptive XOR method for efficiently coding the depth-map images on the object-boundary areas, as well as the conventional DCT-based coding scheme (for example, H.264/AVC) for efficiently coding the inside area images of the objects or the background depth-map images. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the average bit-rate savings as 11.8 % ~ 20.8% and the average PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) gains as 0.9 dB ~ 1.5 dB in comparison with the H.264/AVC coding scheme. And the proposed algorithm improves the average bit-rate savings as 7.7 % ~ 12.2 % and the average PSNR gains as 0.5 dB ~ 0.8 dB in comparison with the adaptive block-based depth-map coding scheme. It can be confirmed that the proposed method improves the subjective quality of synthesized image using the decoded depth-map in comparison with the H.264/AVC coding scheme. And the subjective quality of the proposed method was similar to the subjective quality of the adaptive block-based depth-map coding scheme.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 1994

A DCT map and new cldebook design algorithm based on a two-dimension discrete cosine transform (2D-DCT) is presented for coder of image vector quantizer. We divide the image into smaller subblocks, then, using 2D DCT, separate it into blocks which are hard to code but it bears most of the visual information and easy to code but little visual information, and DCT map is made. According to this map, the significant features of training image are extracted by using the 2D DCT. A codebook is generated by partitioning the training set into a binary tree based on tree-structure. Each training vector at a nonterminal node of the binary tree is directed to one of the two descendants by comparing a single feature associated with that node to a threshold. Compared with the pairwise neighbor (PPN) and classified VQ(CVQ) algorithm, about 'Lenna' and 'Boat' image, the new algorithm results in a reduction in computation time and shows better picture quality with 0.45 dB and 0.33dB differences as to PNN, 0.05dB and 0.1dB differences as to CVQ respectively.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2023

A map gene encoding methionyl-specific aminopeptidase (MAP; EC 3.4.11.18) was cloned from Tetragenococcus halophilus CY54. Translated amino acid sequence of CY54 MAP showed high similarities with those from Enterococcus faecalis (83.8%) and Streptococcus salivarius (62.2%) but low similarities with MAPs from Lactobacillus and Lactococcus genera. The map gene was overexpressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) using pET26b(+),pET26b(+), and the recombinant MAP was purified by using an Ni-NTA column. The size of recombinant MAP was 29 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. The optimum pH and temperature of CY54 MAP were pH 5.0 and 60℃, respectively. The activity of CY54 MAP was most significantly increased by Co²⁺ ion (159%), and showed the highest activity at 12% NaCl. K_m and V_max were 0.64 ± 0.006 mM and 10.12 ± 0.014 U/mg protein, respectively when met-pNA was used as the substrate. This is the first report on a MAP from Tetragenococcus species.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.5_6
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• pp.1461-1466
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• 2010

aSuppose that (M, g) is a complete Riemannian manifold with Ricci curvature bounded below by -K < 0 and (N, $\bar{b}$) is a complete Riemannian manifold with sectional curvature bounded above by a constant $\mu$ > 0. Let u : $M{\times}[0,\;{\infty}]{\rightarrow}B_{\tau}(p)$ is a heat equation for harmonic map. We estimate the energy density of u.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.337-342
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• 2009

The feasibility of reutilization of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) or struvite slurry recovered from the process through microwave irradiation was studied in this experiment. For this purpose, 4 different operations were performed with or without Mg source addition and different levels of MAP recycled in a batch reactor. Dissolution rate of MAP, ${NH_4}^+$ elimination pattern and physicochemical changes of MAP during microwave irradiation were also studied. The result showed that only 33% orthophosphate ($PO_4-P$) and 27% $NH_4-N$ removal occurred without adding any external Mg source (run A), whereas 87% $PO_4-P$ and 40% $NH_4-N$ removed when 1.0 M ratio of $MgCl_2$ (run B) was added based on $PO_4-P$ in influent. Although the addition of 1.0 molar ratio of microwave irradiated MAP (Run C) removed lower $PO_4-P$ and $NH_4-N$ than 1.0 M $MgCl_2$ (run B), $PO_4-P$ removal was double when compared with no Mg addition (run A). Addition of half MAP and half $MgCl_2$ (run D) showed the similar removal efficiency (88% $PO_4-P$ and 35% $NH_4-N$) with sole $MgCl_2$ addition (run B). Based on these results, the reutilization of MAP irradiated by microwave would be a feasible way to enhance the removal efficiencies of N and P, as well as curtail the Mg chemical usage. Track study showed that $NH_4-N$ gradually increased at initial stage of microwave irradiation of MAP, and then started eliminating from liquor as temperature increased over $45^{\circ}C$. Dissolution rate of ${PO_4}^{-3}$ during microwave irradiation was proportional to the initial MAP concentration, having $0.0091x^{0.6373}$ mg/sec. It was found from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) study that physical structure of MAP crystal started breaking down into small cube granules within very short time by electromagnetic vibration force during microwave irradiation and then gradually melted down into solution.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.917-923
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• 2011

In this paper, a new prediction based embedded compression (EC) codec algorithm for the JPEG2000 encoder system is proposed to reduce excessive memory requirements. The EC technique can reduce the 50 % memory requirement for intermediate low-frequency coefficients during multiple discrete wavelet transform (DWT) stages compared with direct implementation of the DWT engine of this paper. The LOCO-I predictor and MAP are widely used in many lossless picture compression codec. The proposed EC algorithm use these predictor which are very simple but surprisingly effective. The predictive EC scheme adopts a forward adaptive quantization and fixed length coding to encoding the prediction error. Simulation results show that our LOCO-I and MAP based EC codecs present only PSNR degradation of 0.48 and 0.26 dB in average, respectively. The proposed algorithm improves the average PSNR by 1.39 dB compared to the previous work in [9].

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.162-167
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• 1993

We have investigated analytically and numerically on both the generalized dimension D sub(n) and the fractal dimensionality f sub($\alpha$) in the dissipative Willbrink map. and discussed both the mode-locking phenomenon and the dissipative trajectory when z=0.03, b=0.9 and K sub(d) =0.272313668. In the mode-locking phenomenon. we find that the generalized dimension D sub(-n) and superconverged $\delta$ sub(n) are very close to D sub(-$\infty$) =0.92403 and $\delta$ sub($\infty$) =2.16442 even for n～20 as listed in Table 1. In dissipative trajectory, the values of D sub(+n) and D sub(-n) for n～20 are estimated to be very close to D sub(+$\infty$) =0.63267 and D sub(-$\infty$) =1.89802 on the circle map. Thus, the values of the generalized dimension as nlongrightarrow$\infty$ on dissipative Willbrink map are expected to be the same results as those for the circle map and to have the universal scaling exponents for a special scaling structure when the values of overbar(w), z, b, and k sub(d) have the different values.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.30B no.10
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• pp.59-68
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• 1993

This paper describes implemation of 'General-purpose ETRI MAP interface module' (GEM) for Mini-MAP network. GEM operates as a Mini-MAP node in our FA system. To communicate between GEM and programmable devices(PD) such as PLC and CNC, serial communication is used. Application programs of a MiNi-MAP host system control and monitor programmable devices via GEM. GEM is implemented and tested on the basis of the MAP 3.0. TBC in the Nini-MAP board performs the function of the MAC sublayer. The LLC sublayer is implemented according to the specification of Class 3 that includes Type 1 and 3. And the MMS services are designed within the scope of implementation class MAP3. All the softwares are implemented under the real-time multitask OS for real-time application of the Mini-MAP and they are loaded into PROMs at the network board of GEM. We tested the LLC functions to make use of a protocol analyzer for the token-passing protocol. Also the MMS conformance test was carried out by exchanging primitives between GEM and a MMS product that had already passed the conformance test. Therefore GEM is proposed as a network tool of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) to integrate PDs which don't support MAP functions.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.957-972
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• 2020

Let 𝓡 be a 2-torsion free unital ring containing a non-trivial idempotent. An additive map 𝛿 from 𝓡 into itself is called a Jordan derivable map at commutative zero point if 𝛿(AB + BA) = 𝛿(A)B + B𝛿(A) + A𝛿(B) + 𝛿(B)A for all A, B ∈ 𝓡 with AB = BA = 0. In this paper, we prove that, under some mild conditions, each Jordan derivable map at commutative zero point has the form 𝛿(A) = 𝜓(A) + CA for all A ∈ 𝓡, where 𝜓 is an additive Jordan derivation of 𝓡 and C is a central element of 𝓡. Then we generalize the result to the case of Jordan higher derivable maps at commutative zero point. These results are also applied to some operator algebras.