• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.349-356
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• 1998

The aim of the experiments was to investigate the effect of Semen Cuscutae aqua-acupuncture at the meridian point BL 20(脾兪) and BL 23(賢兪) on the blood pressure, plasma renin activity, plasma levels of aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The results of this study were as follows: 1. Systolic blood pressure was decreased significantly after Semen Cuscutae aqua-acupuncture at the meridian point BL 20, BL 23. 2. Plasma renin activity was increased significantly after Semen Cuscutae aqua-acupuncture at meridian point BL 23, BL 20. 3. Plasma levels of aldosterone was increased significantly after Semen Cuscutae aqua-acupuncture at the meridian point BL 20. 4. Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was increased significantly after Semen Cuscutae aqua-acupuncture at the meridian point BL 23, but it was decreased significantly after Semen Cuscutae aqua-acupuncture at the meridian point BL 20. These results suggest that the changes of the depressor response after Semen Cuscutae aqua-acupuncture at the meridian point BL 20, BL 23 are related to the changes of the plasma renin activity, plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and aldosterone.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2004

Objectives : The purpose of this report is a study on the correlation between parasympathetic nerve system and Back-shu points. Methods : We have studied about the correlation between anatomical distribution of parasympathetic nerve system and that of Back-shu points. Back-shu points are located on the back area as the acupoints of Bladder Meridian(BL), doing its own organic physical and pathological working and directly connected with its own organ. Results and Conclusions : 1. It is suggested that Back-shu points has correlation with parasympathetic nerve system could be Pangguanshu(BL28), Zhonglushu(BL29), Baihuanshu(BL30), Ciliao(BL32), Zhongliao(BL33), Xialiao(BL34), Shangliao(BL31), Xiaochangshu(BL27), Baohuang,(BL53) Zhibian(BL54) etc. 2. We proved acupuncture treatment on the nearby spinal area could be one of the method that could stimulate parasympathetic nerve system. 3. The symptom of parasympathetic nerve system's disorder is similar to Back-shu points' chief efficacy a lot. And we proved the Back-shu points which has relation with parasympathetic nerve system as distribution of nerve system are only located at sacral area.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2011

Recently, with the advent of high risk infectious agent such as the Ebola virus, SARS, special research facilities dealing with such dangerous pathogenic are drawing attention gradually. Especially, this kind of facilities can be called BL4(Biosafety Level 4) facility. At the moment, Korean government is going to construct BL4 institute in order to handle efficiently such kind of pathogen. However, there are no proper design guidelines for BL4 facility. This paper proposes circulation system of BL4 facility on the basis of analysis of existing BL4 guidelines of Canada, and Korean BL3 facilities. The outcomes of this study are as follows. At first, functional areas of BL4 facilities have been divided into three categories according to the hazard level ; dangerous area, transitional area, and ordinary area. Secondly, circulation system of BL4 facility has been explored as a form of diagram according to the circulating subjects. These include human, laboratory animals, hazardous pathogen, equipments and cloth. This study has some limitations in that it lacks empirical evidences and concrete SOPs(Standard Operating Procedure). Despite of some weaknesses, it is expected to give some preliminary guidelines for the design of circulation system in BL4 facilities.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 2009

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Phamacopuncture therapy using Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu (PC) at BL23 BL52 on the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats, then the related mechanisms were also investigated. In addition, the present author also investigated the effects of phamacopuncture therapy at BL23.BL52 on the rCBF in cerebral ischemic rats. The results in normal rats were as follows; PC (3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg) at BL23 BL52 significantly increased rCBF but decreased MABP. This result suggests that PC at BL23 BL52 significantly increased rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter. Increase of PC (5 mg/kg)-induced rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin (1 mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and methylene blue ($10{\mu}g/kg$, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase. Decrease of PC (5 mg/kg)-induced MABP was significantly increased by pretreatment with methylene blue but was decreased by pretreatment with indomethacin. These results suggested that the action of PC (5 mg/kg) was mediated by guanylate cyclase. The results in cerebral ischemic rats were as follows ; The rCBF was significantly and stably increased by PC (5 mg/kg) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in Control group. In conclusion, these results suggest that phamacopuncture therapy using Carthami flos at BL23 BL52 can increase rCBF in normal state, and improve stability of rCBF in ischemic state. In addition, the present author also suggest that related mechanisms are involved in guanylate cyclase pathway.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2002

The general and specific combining abilities and hybrid vigour of seven polyvoltine breeds [BL24, BL62, BL6S, BL67, BL68, BL69, and Pure Mysore (PM)] with five bivoltine breeds (NB4D2, CSR2, CSR5, CSR18 and CSR19) were evaluated in a line ${times}$ tester design by analysing six quantitative traits viz., fecundity, yield 110,000 larvae both by number and weight, cocoon weight, shell weight and cocoon shell ratio. ANOVA estimates showed significant effects for all the traits indicating the role of both additive and non- additive gene actions. Estimation of GCA revealed that the breed BL67 exhibited significant positive effects toy all the six traits followed by BL68 for four important economic traits viz., fecundity, cocoon weight, shell weight and cocoon shell ratio. Among testers, CSR5 showed significant GCA effects for five traits whereas CSR2 exhibited for shell weight and shell ratio. Three hybrids viz., BL67${times}$ NB4D2, BL67 ${times}$CSR5 and BL67${times}$ CSR19 excelled in four quantitative traits for SCA. Majority of the hybrids expressed positive hybrid vigour for cocoon yield/10,000 larvae by weight, cocoon weight and shell weight. Four hybrids namely PM ${times}$ NB4D2, BL67 ${times}$NB4D2, BL67${times}$ CSR5 and BL67${times}$ CSR19 manifesting positive hybrid vigour for five economic traits were adjudicated as best Heterotic hybrids and recommended for commercial exploitation to increase the silk yield.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.1139-1144
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• 2009

It has been known that brassiolide (BL) increased the positive gravitropic response and ethylene production in maize roots. This study examined the relationship between the BL-induced gravitropic response and ethylene Production. The ethylene production was inhibited to about 90% of the control by the treatment of $10^{-4}$ M aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), the ethylene synthesis inhibitor. However, the gravitropic response did not show any significant changes compared to the control at $10^{-4}$ M AVG. In the case of treatment of AVG with BL, the ethylene production decreased to 60% of the control. However, the gravitropic response increased to the level which was induced by BL. Cobalt ions, another ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor, inhibited ethylene production, but not gravitropic response. When roots were treated with BL and cobalt ions, they showed the inhibition of ethylene production and promotion of gravitropic response. To elucidate the possibility that the effect of BL is related to auxin transport, roots were treated with TIBA (2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid), an auxin transport inhibitor. Both treatment of TIBA alone and TIBA with BL stimulated ethylene production to about 96% and 132%, respectively. However, gravitropic response was completely inhibited in both treatments. Further, roots treated with BL in the presence of TIBA and IAA showed a negative gravitropic response, which means that IAA accumulates in the upper side of horizontal roots. Root elongation was also stimulated in this treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that BL might affect the differential distribution of internal IAA on roots, causing the regulation of positive gravitropic response.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.73-88
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to research the effects of acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ and determine the mechanism of action of acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ by measuring the changes of regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure(MABP) in normal rats and ischemic rats. Method : This study researched the effects of acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ on the change of rCBF and MABP. To determine the mechanism of action of acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$, pretreatment with indomethacine and methylene blue was done. Result : 1. Acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ significantly increased rCBF and acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ induced increase of rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin(1 mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, and methylene blue(10 ${\mu}g$/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase. 2. Acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ decreased MABP and there was no significantly change of decrease of MABP on acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ by pretreatment with indomethacin and methylene blue. 3. These result suggested that acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ might significantly increase rCBF by dilating arterial diameter and mechanism of acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ might be mediated by cyclooxygenase and guanylate cyclase. 4. The rCBF was significantly and stably increased by acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ during the period of cerebral reperfusion in cerebral ischemic rats, which contrasted with the rapid and marked increase in the control group. Pretreatment with methylene blue significantly decreased rCBF by acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ during the period of ischemic state, increased rCBF during the period of cerebral reperfusion. These results suggested that the mechanism of acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ might be mediated by guanylate cyclase. Conclusion : Acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ can increase rCBF in normal state, and improve stability of rCBF in ischemic state. In addition, we suggested that mechanisms related with acupuncturing $BL_{67}$ and $LI_1$ was more involved in the guanylate cyclase pathway.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2021

Purpose: At acupoint pressure, the pressing direction of all acupoints is usually vertical. However, it is not clear whether the vertical direction is toward the belly button or the body's center in the BL52. In this study, the effective direction of acupressure was studied by measuring the pressure pain threshold according to the direction of acupressure in 30 subjects. Methods: The distance from the subject's GV4 to the left and right BL52 and the distance from GV4 to the navel were measured, and then using the ellipse where the left and right BL52 of GV4 pass through the navel, the angles of the navel direction and the body's center were calculated in the left and right BL52. The pressure at the time when the subjects felt pain while pressing the BL52 in two directions was used as the acupressure pain threshold. The pain threshold was measured 3 times at 3 minute intervals on the left and right BL52s of the subject. Results: The acupressure pain threshold measured in the left and right BL52 of the subjects was significantly decreased when pressed toward the trunk center (p < .05). In BL52, it was more sensitive to pressure when the direction of pressure is toward the body's center. Conclusions: Acupressure therapy of acupoint is more sensitive to external stimuli than the surrounding. In this study, acupressure directed toward the trunk center is more efficient than toward the belly button in BL52.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.399-404
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• 2016

This paper presents a new permanent magnet (PM) assisted topology for a recently introduced brushless wound rotor synchronous machine (BL-WRSM) [1]. The BL-WRSM had a dual-inverter configuration for generating a composite magneto motive force (MMF) with a fundamental component and a subharmonic component. The subharmonic component of the MMF is used for brushless excitation of the rotor. In this paper, additional PMs were introduced on the rotor of the BL-WRSM, making it a hybrid BL-WRSM. We also discussed the flux weakening operation for the hybrid BL-WRSM. The hybrid BL-WRSM offered advantages for starting the machine and provided better performance under full-load conditions. The finite element method (FEM) was used to analyze the performance of the hybrid BL-WRSM, and we compared its performance with BL-WRSM. Finally, prototypes were built with and without the PM-assistance, and experiments were conducted to demonstrate their performance.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.78-97
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• 2022

In this study, new properties of various filters on a Sheffer stroke BL-algebra are studied. Then some new results in filters of Sheffer stroke BL-algebras are given. Also, stabilizers of nonempty subsets of Sheffer stroke BL-algebras are defined and some properties are examined. Moreover, it is shown that the stabilizer of a filter with respect to a/n (ultra) filter of a Sheffer stroke BL-algebra is its (ultra) filter. It is proved that the stabilizer of the subset {0} of a Sheffer stroke BL-algebra is {1}. Finally, it is stated that the stabilizer St(P, Q) of P with respect to Q is an ultra filter of a Sheffer stroke BL-algebra when P is any filter and Q is an ultra filter of this algebra.