• 월간양계
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• 제13권6호통권140호
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• pp.31-32
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• 1981

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.311-317
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• 1994

Warts and barks of apple trees were vector of White rot. Two devices removing warts and barks for the use of pest control on apple trees were developed and evaluated in this study, and their results are as follows ; 1. A total of 148 warts were examined to determine the average size. About 35 percent of the examined warts were 6~8mm long, 4~8mm wide and 4~6mm thick in size. About 30 percent of the examined warts were 4~6mm long, 2~4mm wide and 6~8mm thick in size. 2. Seventy-one percent of the examined barks removed were 4~8mm in thickness. 3. A blade with 30 degree of cutting angle required 3 to 22 percent less cutting energy than those with 15 and 45 degrees of cutting angles. 4. The cutting torque decreased from 31 N-cm to 12 N-cm with an increase of cutting speed from 26cm/s to 104cm/s for a feeding speed of 0.31 mm/s with the blade angle of 30 degrees. 5. The cutting torque increased from 6N-cm to 32N-cm with an increase of branch diameter from 6mm to 14mm for a feeding speed of 0.31 mm/s with the blade angle of 30 degrees. 6. Two devices mounted on a mower for removing warts and barks were evaluated and proved effective.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.948-952
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• 1999

Electrophilic substitutions on β-position of 2,5-dimethyl pyrrole have been investigated theoretically. The electron donating methyl groups enrich electron densities on C-3, C-4 positions and π* interactions with methyl groups substituted on C-2 and C-5 positions pushed up the HOMO level of the pyrroles consequently induce rapid substitutions on C-3, C-4 sites. Substitution of phenylsulfonyl group on nitrogen stabilized LUMO levels through weak π bonding interactions. Unexpected deoxidation reaction underwent on the sulfonyl group substituted at C-3 position. The structures were solved by X-ray crystallography. Meanwhile, gas phase HF/6-31G* and density functional method (B3LYP/6-31G*) calculations gave favorable energies for 1-phenylsulfinyl pyrrole (6) over 3-phenylsulfinyl pyrrole (5) by 3.6-4.7 kcal/mol which is contrary to the experimental result. However the methods involve the effects of molecular polarizability and solvent, molecular dynamics (MD) and ab-initio self consistent reaction field (SCRF) calculations showed same trend as experiments. According to MD calculations, compound 5 is more stable than compound 6 by 4.15 kcal/mol and the SCRF, HF/6-31G* calculations gave more stable energy value for structure 5 than 6 by 0.03 kcal/mol.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2005

유색 감자의 일반적인 성분과 무기질, 색도, anthocyanin의 함량 그리고 생리활성에 대하여 검토하였다. 유색감자 계통별로 횡단면의 색소형성 정도에 따라 A. B, C, D Type둥 4가지 형태로 분류되었다. 일반성분은 수분 함량이 75.7-84.3%, 단백질이 1.3-2.7%, 조섬유 함량이 0.2-0.7% 수준으로 계통에 따라 약간 차이를 보였다. 유색감자내 무기질은 괴경 100g당 2-3mg의 칼슘과 1-2mg의 나트륨, 350-510mg의 칼륨을 함유한 것으로 나타났으며, 무기질 함량은 계통별로 차이를 나타냈다. 색차계를 이용하여 유색감자 횡단면의 색도를 측정한 결과, 색차의 크기는 PL-31>PL-6>PL-28>PL-12>PL-4>PL-17 등의 순으로 나타났으며, 관능검사에 의한 유색강도를 시험한 결과 PL-14>PL-31>PL-28>PL-3>PL-17>PL-6 등으로 나타나서 유사한 경향을 보였다. 총 anthocyanin 색소 함량은 계통별로 큰 차이를 나타내었으며 100g 당 3.3-29.0mg 수준이었으며, PL-28>PL-31>PL-14>PL-12>PL-5 >PL-3의 순으로 높았다. 선발된 품종간 항산화력 비교 실험 결과, PL-6을 제외한 PL-28, PL-31 그리고 자심은 대조구인 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol보다 항산화력 활성이 약간 높았으며, BHA의 항산화력에는 미치지 못하는 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 Gram(+) 3종과 Gram(-) 3종을 이용한 항균활성을 측정한 결과, 4품종 모두 Gram(+)와 Gram(-) 모두 항균력을 나타내었다. Gram(+)에서는 B. subtilis에 가장 높은 항균활성을 나타내었고, Gram(-)에서는 E. coli에서 항균활성을 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1257-1261
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• 2009

We present the theoretical and experimental results of $^{31}P$ NMR and low energy CID MS/MS study of $Hg^{2+}$ binding to fenitrothion (FN). The calculated $^{31}P$ NMR chemical shifts order for FN with $Hg^{2+}$ complex is in good agreement with experimental $^{31}P$ NMR chemical shifts order. The experimental and theoretical $^{31}P$ NMR study of organophosphorus pesticide with $Hg^{2+}$ gives to important information for organophosphorus pesticide metal complexes. ESI-MS and low energy CID MS/MS experiments of $Hg^{2+}$-FN complexes combined with accurate mass measurements give insight into the metal localization and allow unambiguous identification of fragments and hydrolysis products.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.123-125
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• 2003

We studied the nectar secretion of the Japanese Camellia (Camellia japonica L.), an evergreen tree and observed its floral visitors during the day. The mean volume of nectar secreted, during daylight (08:31 to 16:30 h) was 30.26$\pm8,29ml$ (SD) (n = 27). During the late afternoon and overnight (16:31 to 08:30 following day), 100.54$\pm54.85$(n = 27) of nectar was secreted. Total volume measured when flowers were sampled once every two hours for an eight-hour period was approximately one-half the volume which was measured when the flowers were sampled only once after eight hours. The mean nectar volume secreted was 8.55$\pm8.3ml$(n = 30) between 08:31 to 10:30, 4.38$\pm$6.1 ml (n = 30) between 10:31 to 12:30, 4.6$\pm5.4ml$(n = 30) between 12;31 to 14:30, and 4.02$\pm3.5ml$(n = 30) between 14:31 to 16:30 hours. During the day, Japanese Camellia flowers were principally visited by the Japanese white-eye (Zosterops erythropleura erythropleura 5.), a native bird, although insects and squirrels also visited to a lesser degree.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.405-414
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• 2018

The present study investigated the adhesion and corrosion resistance of subsequent electrophoretic paint (E-paint) on "electroless" paint coated AZ31 Mg alloy, which was formed by immersion of AZ31 Mg alloy in E-painting solution. It was found that with increasing immersion time of AZ31 in E-painting solution, the amount of paint deposited by electroless process increased but it decreased the electrochemical equivalent of E-painting process and the adhesion of the subsequent E-paint layer. The E-paint on electroless paint coated AZ31 contained pores with the highest pore density and the largest pore size was obtained on the samples with electroless times of 2 and 5 minutes, respectively. Results of the salt-spray test showed an accelerated growth of blisters over the entire surface of the sample immersed for less than 5 minutes whereas blisters were observed only in the vicinity of the scratch in case of samples treated for 15 and 30 minutes. The E-paint on AZ31 with shorter electroless immersion time in E-painting solution was found to have good adhesion and better corrosion resistance.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.52-54
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• 2003

In automotive industry, light weight vehicle is one of issues because of air pollution. Therefore, automotive manufacturers have tried to apply light materials such as aluminum to car body. Welding aluminum using laser has some advantages good weld quality and high productivity. In this study, light emission which is generated in aluminum 6k21 welding with laser is measured using photodiodes. Analysis of relationship between sensor signals of welding variables and formation of keyhole and plasma is performed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1782-1784
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• 2010

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.377-381
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• 1989

The spectroscopic properties of $FO^+$ and FO were investigated by ab initio calculation. Several different levels of theory, $MP3/6-31G^*,\;MP4/6-311G^*\;and\;CISD/6-31G^*$, were tried and compared with experimental results of FO. In the overall performance the CISD showed the best agreement. Based on these results the spectroscopic constants of $FO^+$ are predicted.