• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.333-352
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• 2023

Transaminase represents the most important biocatalysts used for the synthesis of chiral amines due to their stereoselectivity. They allow asymmetric synthesis with high yields and enantioselectivity from their corresponding ketones. Due to their environmentally friendly access for the preparation of chiral amines, they have attracted growing attention in recent times. Thus, the production of chiral compounds by transaminase catalysed reactions is considered as an important application in synthetic organic chemistry. Therefore, transaminase is considered to be an important enzyme in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. ω-Transaminase holds great potential because of its wide substrate specificity thus making it a suitable enzyme to be used at an industrial scale. This review highlights the reaction mechanism, classification, substrate specificity, and biochemical properties. The review also showcases the application of ω-transaminase in organic chemistry with a focus on the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.2145-2150
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• 2016

Background: Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major global public health problem, with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Human cytosolic glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) include several classes such as alpha (A), mu (M), pi (P), sigma (S), zeta (Z), omega (O) and theta (T). The present study aimed to investigate the role of GST omega genes (GSTO1 and GSTO2) in different groups of patients infected with HBV. Materials and Methods: HBV groups were classified according to clinical history, serological tests and histological analysis into normal carriers (N), acute (A), chronic (CH), cirrhosis (CI) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases. The study focused on determination of the genotypes of GST omega genes (GSTO1 and GSTO2) and GST activity and liver function tests. Results: The results showed that GSTO1 (A/A) was decreased in N, A, CH, CI and HCC groups compared to the C-group, while, GSTO1 (C/A) and GSTO1(C/C) genotypes were increased significantly in N, A, CH, CI and HCC groups. GSTO2 (A/A) was decreased in all studied groups as compared to the C-group but GSTO2(A/G) and GSTO2(G/G) genotypes were increased significantly. In addition, GST activities, albumin and TP levels were decreased in all studied groups compared to the C-group, while the activities of transaminases were increased to differing degrees. Conclusions: The results indicate that GSTO genetic polymorphisms may be considered as biomarkers for determining and predicting the progression of HBV infection.