• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.296-300
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• 2016

The effect of different temperatures (45, 55, 65, and $75^{\circ}C$) on the extraction of ${\beta}$-glucan and the properties of extracted ${\beta}$-glucan were investigated with four different varieties of barley. Jeju naked barley, blue barley, beer barley, and black barley contained 6.85, 5.13, 3.58, and 4.16% of ${\beta}$-glucan, respectively. ${\beta}$-glucan in barley was extracted in the range of 64.88 to 93.84% depending on the extraction temperature and barley variety. The ${\beta}$-glucans in Jeju naked barley, Jeju blue barley, and black barley were optimally extracted at $65^{\circ}C$ for 3 h and Jeju beer barley at $75^{\circ}C$. The extracted ${\beta}$-glucan resolubilized to 43.48-81.73% and the ratio of ${\beta}(1{\rightarrow}3)$ to ${\beta}(1{\rightarrow}4)$ linkage was in the range of 1:3.8-5.8. These results suggest that purification and properties of ${\beta}$-glucan depend not only on the water extraction temperature, but also on the barley variety.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 2009

Reactive oxygen species(ROS) can induce hepatotoxicity and trigger apoptosis in the liver. In this study, we investigated the sulfated polysaccharide A-1 from Opuntia ficus-indica against alcoholic oxidative stress in human liver Hep G2 cell. An antioxidant substance A-1 obtained from the enzymatic extract of Opuntia ficus-indica fruit was purified by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange and sephadex G-100 gel permeation chromatography. The purification yield and molecular weight were 14.3% and 1.8 KDa, respectively. The A-1 predominately contained arabinose, galactose, rhamnose and also sulfate group. The structure of A-1 was investigated by periodate oxidation, FT-IR spectroscopy, $^1H$-NMR spectroscopy. The A-1 mainly composed of alternating unit of ${\rightarrow}4$)-$\alpha$-L- Rapp-2-$SO_3^-$-$\alpha$-L-Galp-($1{\rightarrow}$ and branched linkage of $\beta$-D-Arbp- ($5{\rightarrow}$. The antioxidative activity was measured using the SOD, CAT activity and GSH assay, respectively. The expression of Nrf2 protein was analyzed by western blotting. The viable cell count analyzed by autofluorescence. Oxidative stress induced by ethanol(1 M) were dramatically reduced by A-1 treatment. A-1 also prevented cell death induced by oxidative stress. It also increased expression Nrf2 protein level. We concluded that sulfated polysaccharide A-1 from Opuntia ficus-indica effectively protect Hep G2 liver cell from alcoholic oxidative stress.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.1 s.88
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• pp.76-81
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• 1999

Exo-polysaccharide obtained from the submerged cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium was fractionated. The structural analysis of the acidic exo-polysaccharide fraction (BWS-DA-GI), showing high antitumor activity, was carried out and compared to the mycelial acidic fraction (MWS-DA-GI). The major sugar constituents of the fraction of BWS-DA-GI were glucose, galactose and mannose in the molar ratio of 2.5 : 2.1 : 2.5. The minor components in this fraction were xylose and fucose. While the major sugar constituents of the mycelial acidic fraction of MWS-DA-GI were galactose, fucose, mannose and glucose. The trace components in this fraction was xylose. From the results of periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, affinity chromatography and methylation analysis, the chemical structures of the two fractions, BWS-DA-GI and MWS-DA-GI were both determined as ${\beta}-1,3$ glucans. It was also estimated that BWS-DA-GI had a $1{\rightarrow}6$ glucosidic linkage and MWS DA-GI had $1{\rightarrow}4$ and $1{\rightarrow}6$ glucosidic linkages. The molecular weights of these fractions, MWS-DA-GI and MWSDA-GI were estimated as $1.2{\times}10^6\;and\;1.0{\times}10^6$ dalton, respectively.