• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.47-52
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• 2017

Objective : Phellinus spp. mushroom is an object of interest because it has excellent anticancer effect. Owing to the similalarities in the morphology, Phellinus linteus and Phellinus baumii are often used as same Sang Hwang Mushroom in the Korean market.. The quality control for mushrooms is needed because there are many differences in the efficacy according to cultivation method and cultivation area. Therefore, a reliable authentication method of these herbal medicine is necessary to compare and measure the amount of beta-glucan which is known to have a hypoglycemic effect, from the mushrooms collected in various regions Methods : 7 samples of medicinal mushrooms supplying phellinus spp. were collected in Korea, China and Cambodia. We investigated the hardness, colors, extract ratio, ${\alpha}-amylase$ and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) expressions of water extracts from Phellinus spp and also MTT assay were examined for cell toxicity. Results : The results revealed that Phellinus spp.water Ext.inhibited ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity. glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4), the key insulin signaling pathway transcription factor, was remarkably increased by the Phellinus baumii water extract Conclusions : These results suggest that The more yellowish the mushroom is, the lower the hardness, the more the content of ${\beta}-glucan$ is proportional. Because the more ${\beta}-glucan$, the greater the effect of hypoglycemia. compared to the hypoglycemic effect, Phellinus Baumii grown at hanging on selves for 7 month in the green house is the best.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.194-199
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• 2008

The biological activities of water and ethanol extracts from different fruit parts, such as peel, flesh, and placenta of oriental melon were investigated. The total phenolic concentration of water extract was the highest such as 151.64 ${\mu}g/g$ in the peel, also that of ethanol extract was 224.77 ${\mu}g/g$ in the peel, respectively. The total flavonoid content in the water and ethanol extracts were high such as 45.53 ${\mu}g/g$ and 67.16 ${\mu}g/g$ of peel, respectively. In the physiological activities, DPPH in the water and ethanol extracts were high such as 25.0% and 83.3% of peel in 1% concentration. Extract of peel was higher than those of flesh and placenta. ABTS in the water extracts was 79.2% of peel, 57.6% of flesh and 74.0% of placenta in 1% concentration. Ethanol extracts was 99.9% of peel, 52.1% of flesh and 41.2% of placenta in 1% concentration. In addition, xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity and ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibition activity of the peel of water and ethanol extracts appeared to be higher than those of placenta and flesh. This study showed that the antioxidant and ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibition activity of peel extracts were higher than those of placenta and flesh. Also, the antimicrobial effect of ethanol extract from different fruit parts was shown only on Streptococcus agalactiae.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.409-415
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• 2010

In this study, the bioactivities of ethanol (EELS) and water extract (WELS) from the leaf of Lythrum salicaria L. were investigated. In the anti-cancer activity, the growths of both human prostate cancer (DU145) and human colonic carcinoma cell (HT29) were inhibited up 60% by adding 10 mg/$m{\ell}$ of EELS. Anti-inflammatory activity of EELS and WELS have been evaluated on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced release of nitric oxide (NO) by the macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. EELS and WELS inhibited inflammatory by 57.3 and 46.9% in 10 mg/$m{\ell}$, respectively. In the anti-oxidative activity, $IC_{50}$ of DPPH radical scavenging activity was respectively 60.71 and $92.90\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ by EELS and WELS. In the anti-diabetic activity, $IC_{50}$ of ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activity of EELS and WELS were respectively 5,250 and $5,020\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. $IC_{50}$ of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity was 7.96 and $68.41\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ by EELS and WELS. In the anti-obesity, $IC_{50}$ of lipase inhibitory activity was 880 and $9,840\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ by EELS and WELS. Finally, EELS and WELS exhibited anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic activity and anti-obesity. It suggests that Lythrum salicaria L. could be potentially used as a resource of bioactive materials for health functional foods.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.358-368
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• 2023

Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb., also known as the arrow tree in Korea, is a plant in East Asia used in traditional medicine and food. In particular, the wings of E. alatus are rich in phenolic compounds. This study evaluated the antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibition, and anti-cancer activities of E. alatus wing extracts. The radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging acitvities and reducing the power of 1,000 ㎍/mL E. alatus wing extracts, were similar to those of the positive control (0.1% BHT, 0.1% α-tocopherol). In addition, ethanol and methanol extract at 250 ㎍/mL showed 95.70 and 94.99% of α-glucosidase inhibition activity, respectively. The ethanol extract of E. alatus wings had the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid contents (867.8 mg% and 521.7 mg%, respectively). The E. alatus wing extracts significantly decreased the cell viability of LNCaP human prostate cancer cells (p<0.001), MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells (p<0.001), and HT-29 human colon cancer cells (p<0.001) in a dose-dependent manner. However, there was no significant effect on B16 mouse melanoma cells. Notably, the ethanol extracts showed higher cancer cell growth inhibitory activity in LNCaP and HT-29 cells than the other extracts. These results suggest that E. alatus wing extracts could have significant clinical applications, and our results can be used as basic data for future functional food material development.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.83-95
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was optimized mixing ratio of mulberry leaf, mulberry fruit, and silkworm for amelioration of the metabolic syndrome by using response surface method (RSM). Methods: Antioxidant, antidiabetic and antihypertensive activities of fifteen mixed powder of mulberry leaf, mulberry fruit, and silkworm by RSM were measured as indicators of metabolic syndrome. Results: The optimal mixing ratio of mulberry leaves, mulberry fruits, and silkworm with the greatest antioxidant, antidiabetic and antihypertensive activities was as follows: 2.5890 of mulberry leaf (A), 0.1222 of mulberry fruit (B), 2.9999 of silkworm (C). At this time, it was predicted that the total polyphenol content was estimated to be 185.51 tannic acid equivalent mg/g, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhy drazyl radical scavenging activity 84.77%, 1-deoxynojirimycin content 415.66 mg/100 g, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity 64.31%, ${\gamma}-aminobutyric$ acid content 267.77 mg/100 g, potassium content 1,899.11 mg/100 g, and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitory activity was estimated to be 73.78%. Conclusions: It was concluded that the significant effect of the mulberry leaf, mulberry fruit, and silkworm on the metabolic syndrome-related biological activity indices (antioxidant activity, antidiabetic activity and antihypertensive activity) was as follows: 2.5890 of mulberry leaf (A), 0.1222 of mulberry fruit (B), 2.9999 of silkworm (C).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.312-321
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• 2018

Angelica tenuissima, also known as Ligusticum tenuissimum, is classified as a food-related plant and has been used as traditional medicines treating headache and anemia in Asia. However, its anti-melanogenic effect has not been reported in detail. When the extract of Angelica tenuissima (ATE) was prepared by the extraction with 70% EtOH at $80^{\circ}C$ (final yield = 22%), the contents of decursin and Z-ligustilide in ATE were determined 0.06% and 8.43%, respectively. Total flavonoid and phenolic content in mg ATE were $5.52{\pm}0.07{\mu}g$ quercetin equivalents and $237.27{\pm}13.24{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalents, respectively. Antioxidant capacity of ATE determined by DPPH and ABTS assay was increased with a dose dependent manner up to $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The amount of melanin synthesis followed by ${\alpha}-melanocyte$ stimulating hormone on B16F10 cells were significantly reduced in the presence of ATE (250 to $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, p<0.05). ATE (125 to $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, p<0.05) suppressed the tyrosinase activity but did not show any significant effect on ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity at the same condition. Taken together, ATE possesses tyrosinase inhibitory potential with significant antioxidant capacities. These effects of ATE might be involved in suppression of melanin synthesis, at least, in B16F10 cells. The anti-melanogenic potential of ATE will provide an insight into developing a new skin whitening product.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 1996

For the effective ethanol fermentation, the high concentration of sugar as the substrate of microbial fermentation is required. The most important reason in the inefficient hydrolysis; the easy deactivation of enzyme by temperature or shear stress and the severe inhibition effects of its products. In our work, we comprehended the kinetic characteristics of cellulose and ${\beta}$-glucosidase in the progress of hydrolysis, and observed the potential inhibitory effects of the hydrolyzed products and the deactivation of enzymes. We also tried to present the kinetic model of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, which is applicable to process at the high concentration of sugar. Cellulase and ,${\beta}$-glucosidase exhibit diverse kinetic behaviors. At a level of only 5g/$\ell$ of glucose, the ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity was reduced by more than 70%. This result means that ${\beta}$-glucosldase was the most severely inhibited by glucose. Also at l0g/$\ell$ of cellobiose, the cellulose lost approximately 70% of its activity. ${\beta}$-glucosldase was more sensitive to deactivation than cellulose by about 1.6 times. The comprehensive kinetic model in the range of confidence was obtained and the agreement between the model prediction and the experimental data was reasonably good, testifying to the validity of the model equations used and the associated parameters.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.147-151
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• 2019

This study was performed to investigate the physiological activity of Hongsan garlic and Hansan garlic, which were registered in the plant breeders' right in 2016. The content of mineral components, except sodium and sulfur ingredients, was found to be high in Hansan garlic. In addition, organic sulfur components were high in Hansan garlic. Moreover, the total soluble solid content, reducing sugar content, and alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity were high in Hansan garlic. Acidity, pH, total phenol, and flavonoid content were high in Hongsan garlic. Both varieties showed higher inhibitory activity to gram-positive bacteria than to gram-negative bacteria. The antimicrobial activity of Hongsan garlic was slightly higher than that of Hansan garlic. These results are expected to provide useful information to farmers who grow the above garlic varieties.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.252-258
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant activities and physiological properties of Euphorbia humifusa extracts prepared using three different solvents (water, ethanol, and methanol). The highest total polyphenol content (293.25 mg/100 g) and total flavonoid content (21.05 mg/100 g) were observed in the methanol extract. The content of substances related to proanthocyanidin were highest in the water extract (8.42 mg/100 g), followed by methanol (5.70 mg/100 g) and ethanol (5.39 mg/100 g) extracts. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of the methanol extract were 91.72% and 85.83%, respectively, at 50 mg% concentrations, which were higher than those of the other extracts. The extract reducing power decreased in the following order: ethanol > methanol > water. The methanol extract had relatively high antioxidant activity. The ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of the methanol extract at a concentration of 10 mg% were somewhat higher than the other extracts. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity in the water extract was slightly higher than in the methanol and water extracts. These results indicated that Euphorbia humifusa extracts were a high-value food ingredient due to their antioxidant activities and nutritional value.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.154-154
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• 2004