• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.59-64
• /
• 2013

3차원 적층 패키지를 위한 Cu/Ni/Au/Sn-Ag/Cu 미세 범프의 열처리에 따른 금속간 화합물 성장 거동을 분석하기 위하여 in-situ SEM에서 $135^{\circ}C$, $150^{\circ}C$, $170^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 실시간 열처리 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 결과 금속간 화합물의 성장 거동은 열처리시간이 경과함에 따라 시간의 제곱근에 직선 형태로 증가하였고, 확산에 의한 성장이 지배적인 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. Ni/Au 층의 존재로 인해 Au의 확산으로 복잡한 구조의 금속간 화합물이 생성 된 것을 확인할 수 있다. 활성화 에너지는 $Cu_3Sn$의 경우 0.69eV, $(Cu,Ni,Au)_6Sn_5$경우 0.84 eV로 Ni이 포함된 금속간 화합물이 더 높은 것을 확인 하였으며, 확산 방지층 역할을 하는 Ni층에 의해 금속간 화합물 성장이 억제됨에 따라 신뢰성이 향상 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국초전도학회 2006년도 High Temperature Superconductivity Vol.XVI
• /
• pp.64-64
• /
• 2006

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국잠사학회 2005년도 제48회 추계 학술연구 발표회
• /
• pp.64-64
• /
• 2005

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2004년도 제26회 학술발표회 초록집
• /
• pp.64-64
• /
• 2004

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.105-109
• /
• 1987

돌외를 채취해서 잎과 줄기로 나누어 각자 실험실에서 차로 제조한 것과 제품으로 시판되고 있는 국산품과 일본산 제품 및 국산품 볶은것에 대해 무기성분의 함량을 측정하고 비교하였다. 돌외차에 함유된 무기성분은 잎에서 Mg, Mn, Ca 및 Cu의 함량이 많았고 줄기에서 K, Na 및 Fe이 많이 함유되어 있었으며 특히 줄기중 총회분의 K의 함량이 33.4%로서 가장 높았다. 제조된 돌외차와 시판제품에서 차 4g을 $1{\ell}$의 끓는물에 넣어 5분간 우려냈을 때 무기성분의 침출율은 K이 $83.2{\sim}96.3%$로 가장 높았으며 다음 Mg이$44.8{\sim}62.2%$ 이었고 Ca은 $23.1{\sim}64.4%$, Na은 $6.3{\sim}55.6%$ 순이었으나 Mn, Fe 및 Cu등은 극히 미량만 침출되었다.

• 자원리싸이클링
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 1993

본 연구에서는 전로슬래그 중에서 슬래그 부산에 의한 Cu의 회수 및 자산, 체질에 의한 Cu의 조기회수방법을 조사하였으며, 부산공정 시 부산용수로서 폐수사용의 가능성을 검사하였다. 또한 부산 등의 산별과정에 의해 얻어진 산물의 화학분석을 통하여 각 성분별 신화력을 조사하였다. 건식자산의 경우 300 Gauss에서 2시간 영각고화 슬래그에 있어서는 Cu 품위 60.7%, 회수율 39.2%의 정광을 얻고, 10시간 영각 고화 슬래그에 있어서는 Cu품위 54.0%, 회수율 17.9%의 정광을 얻었다. 습식자산의 경우 600 Gauss에서 10시간 영각 고화 슬래그의 경우 Cu품위 64.1%, 회수율 1.8%의 정광을 얻었다. 마광을 행한 영각 고화 10시간 시과에 대해, 사상산물에 대새서는 자산을 행하였고, 사하산물에 대해서는 부산을 행하였다. 이 결과 Cu품위 45.2%의 정광을 얻을 수 있었으며 이때 회수율은 93.5%를 나타냈다. 부산정광에서 Cu품위가 높을수록 As 품위는 상승하였으냐, Zn 및 Fe 품위는 감소하였으며, Pb 품위는 무관하였다. 이 결과 Cu품위 37.74%의 정광을 얻을 수 있었으며 이때 회수율은 94.79%를 나타내었다.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 2001

The cigarette ventilation affects not only the amount of tar and nicotine delivery by a cigarette, but also the composition of the smoke. Therefore, it is important to stabilize of variability in cigarette ventilation that would be affected by changes in cigarette components. This work was conducted to determine the major factors that influence the cigarette ventilation and also to provide fundamental informations for improving the uniformity of cigarette performances. To evaluate the effect of cigarette ventilation as a dependant variable, the three independent factors were the air permeability of plugwrap, tipping paper and the filter pressure drop. We determined the effect of paper permeability on ventilation variability and the optimum condition in combinations of independent factors. The mean of cigarette ventilation was increased as plugwrap permeability increases, particularly at 26,000 CU. However, it was exhibited that standard deviation and coefficient of variation of the cigarette ventilation were decreased with increasing plugwrap permeability. At the 600 CU and 1,200 CU of tipping paper permeability, process capability index (Cp) of the cigarette ventilation increased as plugwrap permeability increases. Following the optimum condition of cigarette ventilation induced by fitted regression equation, one was to optimize 50% ventilation level is by combination with plugwrap permeability of 16,000 CU, tipping paper permeability of 810 CU, filter pressure drop of 319 mm$H_2O$, respectively.

• Progress in Superconductivity
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.64-68
• /
• 2005

We fabricated Ni-based alloy substrates for YBCO coated conductor using powder metallurgy. Tungsten and copper were selected as alloy elements due to their mutual solubility to the base element of nickel. The alloying elements were mixed with nickel using ball milling and dried in air. The powder mixtures were packed in a rubber mold, cold isostatic pressed 200 MPa and made into rods. The compacted rods were sintered at $1150^{\circ}C$ for 6 hours for densification. It was confirmed by neutron diffraction experiment that W and Cu atoms made complete solid solution with Ni. Lattice constant of nickel alloy increased by $0.004{\AA}$ for 1at. $\%$ W in Ni-W alloy, $0.0006{\AA}$ for 1 at. $\%$ Cu in Ni-W-Cu alloy.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.60-64
• /
• 2010

This study looked at high performance copper-based alloys as LED lead frame materials with higher electrical-conductivity and the maintenance of superior tensile strength. This study investigated the effects on the tensile strength, electrical conductivity, thermal softening, size and distribution of the precipitation phases when Cr was added in Cu-Fe alloy in order to satisfy characteristics for LED Lead Frame material. Strips of the alloys were produced by casting and then properly treated to achieve a thickness of 0.25 mm by hot-rolling, scalping, and cold-rolling; mechanical properties such as tensile strength, hardness and electrical-conductivity were determined and compared. To determine precipitates in alloy that affect hardness and electrical-conductivity, electron microscope testing was also performed. Cr showed the effect of precipitation hardened with a $Cr_3Si$ precipitation phase. As a result of this experiment, appropriate aging temperature and time have been determined and we have developed a copper-based alloy with high tensile strength and electrical-conductivity. This alloy has the possibility for use as a substitution material for the LED Lead Frame of Cu alloy.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.55-64
• /
• 1980

The distribution pattern of mineral nutrients, among various Parts of Korea ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) was investigated to understand ginseng nutrition by simple correlation analysis. Five·year old ginseng plants grown under four different nutritional environments were sampled and separated into leaf, petiole, stem, rhizome, cortex and epidermis of tap foot, central part of tap root, cortex and epidermis of lateral root, central part of lateral root, fine root in the middle of truly, for chemical analysis. Between mineral nutrients in root, N and P showed highly significant positive correlation each other and with Mg and Cu while all other elements (K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B) showed highly significant positive correlation each other. In shoot, number of mineral nutrient pairs haying significant relation was much less than in root. (Negative: P with Ca or B, K with N, Fe, Mn or Cu, Positive: N with Mg, Fe, Mn or Cu, K with Zn, Ca with Mg, Zn, or B, Fe Mn Cu each other, Mn with B.) The number of pairs having significant correlation in whole plant was approximately the same as the number in root but three of them showed significant negative correlation. The distribution pattern similarity of mineral contents among various parts was also discussed in relation to physiological significance in Korea ginseng plant.