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http://dx.doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2018.50.4.463

Development of Perilla frutescens with Low Levels of Alpha-Linolenic Acid by Inhibition of a delta 15 desaturase Gene  

Kim, Kyung-Hwan (Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
Lee, Kyeong-Ryeol (Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
Kim, Jung-Bong (Dept. of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
Lee, Myoung Hee (Dept. of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA)
Lee, Eungyeong (Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
Kim, Nyunhee (Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
Lee, Hongseok (Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
Kim, Song Lim (Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
Baek, JeongHo (Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
Choi, Inchan (Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
Ji, Hyeonso (Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Breeding Science / v.50, no.4, 2018 , pp. 463-471 More about this Journal
Abstract
Perilla is an oilseed crop cultivated in Korea since ancient times. Due to the high ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid content in perilla, perilla seed oil can easily become rancid. ${\alpha}-Linolenic$ acid is synthesized by two enzymes, endoplasmic reticulum-localized ${\Delta}15$ desaturase (FAD3) and chloroplast-localized ${\Delta}15$ desaturase (FAD7) in vivo. In order to lower the ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid content of the seed oil without disturbing plant growth, we tried to suppress the expression of only the FAD3 gene using RNA interference, whilst maintaining the expression of the FAD7 gene. Seventeen transgenic plants with herbicide ($Basta^{TM}$) resistance were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using hypocotyls of perilla plants. The transgenic plants were firstly confirmed by treatment with 0.3% (v/v) $Basta^{TM}$ herbicide, and the expression of FAD3 was measured by Northern blot analysis. The ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid content was 10-20%, 30-40%, and 60% in two, seven, and three of the twelve $T_1$ transgenic perilla plants which had enough seeds to be analyzed for fatty acid composition, respectively. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of $T_2$ progeny seeds from $T_1$ plants with the lowest ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid content showed that the homozygous lines had 6-10% ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid content and the heterozygous lines had 20-26% ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid content. It is expected that the reduction in ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid content in perilla seed oil will prevent rancidity and can be utilized for the production of high-value functional ingredients such as high ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid.
Keywords
FAD3; ${\Delta}15$ desaturase; ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid; RNAi; Perilla;
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