Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no3.223

Emotional Intelligence and Project Success: The Roles of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment  

DOAN, Thuy Thanh Thi (Faculty of Business Administration, Ho Chi Minh City Open University)
NGUYEN, Linh Cam Tran (Faculty of Business Administration, Ho Chi Minh City Open University)
NGUYEN, Thanh Dan Ngoc (Faculty of Business Administration, Ho Chi Minh City Open University)
Publication Information
The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business / v.7, no.3, 2020 , pp. 223-233 More about this Journal
Abstract
The paper aims to examine the relationship of emotional intelligence on the project success, the causal relationship between emotional intelligence and project success, and also investigate the influence of emotional intelligence and the mediating role of transformational leadership as well as the moderating effect of organization commitment on the relationship between emotional intelligence and project success. Cross sessional research is applied to collect the data in this study. By applying quantitative research and survey question, the study collects 325 respondents who are the project managers. Snow-ball sampling method is used to distribute the questionnaires by face to face survey (68% of respondents) and online survey (32% of respondents). The collected data is analyzing by applying partial least square (PLS-SEM) via software SmartPLS 3.0.The result shows that the emotional intelligence and the transformational leadership making the project even more successful as the mediation actor. Furthermore, the project commitment also has the moderator effect between transformational leadership and project success. With the result of study, project managers should be aware of the importance of emotional intelligence and their commitment to the ability to manage projects successfully. A successful project is a combination of many actors, the most critical actor is the leader of the project.
Keywords
Emotional Intelligence; Organization Commitment; Project Success; Transformational Leadership;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Khang, D. B., & Moe, T. L. (2008). Success criteria and factors for international development projects: A life cycle based framework. Project Management Journal, 39(1), 72-84. https://doi.org/10.1002/pmj.20034   DOI
2 Korzaan, M. L. (2009). The influence of commitment to project objectives in information technology (IT) projects. Review of Business Information Systems, 13(4), 89-98.
3 Kwak, Y. H. (2005). Brief history of project management. In E. G. Carayannis, Y. H. Kwak, & F. T. Anbari (eds), The story of managing projects. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers/Greenwood Publishing Group.
4 Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (2007). Using the balanced scorecard as a strategic management system. Harvard Business Review, (July-August). Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2007/07/using-the-balanced-scorecard-as-astrategic-management-system
5 Khanzada, B., & Naeem, S. (2017). Impact of transformational leadership in attainment of project success: the mediating role of job satisfaction. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 8(9), 168-177.
6 Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (2002). The leadership practices inventory: Theory and evidence behind the five practices of exemplary leaders. The Leadership Challenge, Appendix0512BP. Retrieved November 10, 2019 from: http://www.leadershipchallenge.com/UserFiles/lc_jb_appendix.pdf
7 Lara, T. (2011). Comparing The Emotional Intelligence, Personal Traits, And Work Impacts Of Performing Versus High-Performing Middle Managers. Malibu, CA: Pepperdine University.
8 Law, K. S., & Wong, C. S. (2002). The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on performance and attitude: An exploratory study. The Leadership Quarterly, 13(3), 243-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(02)00099-1   DOI
9 Martin, R., & Epitropaki, O. (2005). The moderating role of individual differences in the relation between transformational/transactional leadership perceptions and organizational identification. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(4), 569-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.06.005   DOI
10 Lee, J. Y. (2018). The Effects of Job Characteristics on the Team Creativity of Distribution Companies: Moderating Effects of Transformational Leadership. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 5(4), 161-172. http://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2018.vol5.no4.161   DOI
11 Liu, W., Zhu, R., & Yang, Y. (2010). I warn you because I like you: Voice behavior, employee identifications, and transformational leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(1), 189-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2009.10.014   DOI
12 Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In P. Salovey, & D. Sluyter (eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence: educational implications (pp. 3-34). New York, NY: Basic Books.
13 Mir, F. A., & Pinnington, A. H. (2014). Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success. International Journal of Project Management, 32(2), 202-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2013.05.012   DOI
14 Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., & Steers, R. M. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14(2), 224-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(79)90072-1   DOI
15 Muller, R., & Rodney Turner, J. (2010). Attitudes and leadership competences for project success. Baltic Journal of Management, 5(3), 307-329.   DOI
16 Henseler, J. (2017). Bridging Design and Behavioral Research with Variance-Based Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Advertising, 46(1), 178-192. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2017.1281780   DOI
17 Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. In New challenges to international marketing (pp. 277-319). Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
18 Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: updated guidelines. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 116(1), 2-20.   DOI
19 Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135.   DOI
20 Huang, T. C., & Wang, Y. S. (2009). The relationship of transformational leadership with group cohesiveness and emotional intelligence. Social Behavior and Personality, 37(3), 379-392. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2009.37.3.379   DOI
21 Huang, C. F., Wu, K. S., & Yang, L. R. (2011). The association among project manager's leadership style, teamwork and project success. International Journal of Project Management, 29(3), 258-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2010.03.006   DOI
22 Iqbal, S. M. J., Khan, S., & Sang, L. C. (2015). Importance of transformational leadership in project success: A theoretical framework. Topical Economics (Актуальніпроблемиекономіки), (1), 67-76.
23 Jordan, P. J., & Lawrence, S. A. (2009). Emotional intelligence in teams: Development and initial validation of the short version of the Workgroup Emotional Intelligence Profile (WEIPS). Journal of Management & Organization, 15(4), 452-469. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1833367200002546   DOI
24 Nitzl, C. (2016). The use of partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) in management accounting research: Directions for future theory development. Journal of Accounting Literature, 37, 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acclit.2016.09.003   DOI
25 Muller, R., & Turner, R. (2007). The influence of project managers on project success criteria and project success by type of project. European Management Journal, 25(4), 298-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2007.06.003   DOI
26 Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185-211. https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG   DOI
27 Ndiritu, C. M. N. (2015). Influence of Total Quality Management practices on performance of small and medium enterprises: A case of youth groups projects in Kajiado North sub county, Kajiado county, Kenya (Unpublished Master's Thesis). University of Nairobi.
28 Pham, V. Q., Nguyen, B. K. Q., Tu, V. B., Pham, H. T. T., & LE, T. Q. (2019). Critical Success Factors of Project Management: The Case of Construction Related Projects in Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 6(2), 223-230. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2019.vol6.no2.223   DOI
29 Pinto, J. K., & Prescott, J. E. (1988). Variations in critical success factors over the stages in the project life cycle. Journal of Management, 14(1), 5-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920638801400102   DOI
30 Pinto, J. K., & Slevin, D. P. (1987). Critical factors in successful project implementation. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, (1), 22-27. DOI: 10.1109/TEM.1987.6498856
31 Scott-Young, C., & Samson, D. (2008). Project success and project team management: Evidence from capital projects in the process industries. Journal of Operations Management, 26(6), 749-766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2007.10.006   DOI
32 Stefanovic, J. V. (2008). An integrative strategic approach to project management and a new maturity model (PhD Dissertation). Stevens Institute of Technology. Hoboken, New Jersey.
33 Shenhar, A. J., & Wideman, R. M. (1996). Improving PM: Linking success criteria to project type. In the Southern Alberta Chpater, Project Management Institute, Symposium "Creating Canadian Advantage through Project Management". Calgary, Canada.
34 Sohmen, V. S. (2013). Leadership and teamwork: Two sides of the same coin. Journal of IT and Economic Development, 4(2), 1-18.
35 Srica, V. (2008, May). Social intelligence and project leadership. In The Global Management and IT Research Conference, New York, USA.
36 Suong, H. T. T., Thanh, D. D., & Dao, T. T. X. (2019). The Impact of Leadership Styles on the Engagement of Cadres, Lecturers and Staff at Public Universities-Evidence from Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 6(1), 273-280. http://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2019.vol6.no1.273   DOI
37 Aga, D. A., Noorderhaven, N., & Vallejo, B. (2016). Transformational leadership and project success: The mediating role of team-building. International Journal of Project Management, 34(5), 806-818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.02.012   DOI
38 Andersen, E. S., Arne Jessen, S., Birchall, D., & Money, A. H. (2006). Exploring project success. Baltic Journal of Management, 1(2), 127-147.   DOI
39 Angus, G. Y., Bowers, J. A., &Flett, P. D. (2005). Developing a value-centred proposal for assessing project success. International Journal of Project Management, 23(6), 428-436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2005.01.008   DOI
40 Asare, J. (2016). Emotional Intelligence as an Essential Factor for the Successful Management and Financial Administration of Projects and Programs. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 6(4), 418-431.   DOI
41 Ashkanasy, N. M., Daus, C. S., &Hartel, C. E. (2002). Diversity and emotion: The new frontiers in organizational behavior research. Journal of Management, 28(3), 307-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(02)00130-7   DOI
42 Erez, M., Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (1988). The determinants of goal commitment. Academy of Management Review, 13(1), 23-39. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1988.4306771   DOI
43 Fowler, J. J., & Horan, P. (2007). Are information systems' success and failure factors related? An exploratory study. Journal of Organizational and End User Computing, 19(2), 1-22.   DOI
44 Frimpong, S. K., Hongyi, X., & Nubuor, S. A. (2014). The Impact of Transformational Leadership Style on Project Success: An Empirical Study of Banking Projects in Ghana. International Journal of ICT and Management, 2(1), 85-95.
45 Ghazinejad, M., Hussein, B., & Zidane, Y. (2018). Impact of trust, commitment, and openness on research project performance: Case study in a research institute. Social Sciences, 7(2), 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7020022   DOI
46 Goleman, D. (1996). Emotional intelligence. Why it can matter more than IQ. Learning, 24(6), 49-50.
47 Avots, I. (1969). Why does project management fail? California Management Review, 12(1), 77-82. https://doi.org/10.2307/41164208   DOI
48 Avolio, B. J., Walumbwa, F. O., & Weber, T. J. (2009). Leadership: Current theories, research, and future directions. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 421-449. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163621   DOI
49 Dvir, D., Levy, O., Maltz, A. C., & Shenhar, A. J. (2001). Project success: a multidimensional strategic concept. Long Range Planning, 34(6), 699-725. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-6301(01)00097-8   DOI
50 Dvir, D., Lipovetsky, S., Lechler, T., Shenhar, A. J., & Tishler, A. (2002). Refining the search for project success factors: a multivariate, typological approach. R&D Management, 32(2), 111-126. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9310.00244   DOI
51 Avolio, B. J., & Bass, B. M. (eds.). (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
52 Atwater, L., Carmeli, A., & Levi, A. (2011). How leadership enhances employees' knowledge sharing: the intervening roles of relational and organizational identification. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 36(3), 257-274.   DOI
53 Caroline, N., Harriet, K., & Anne, N. (2016). Top management commitment for successful small and medium-enterprises (SMEs): a hoax or a reality? European Scientific Journal, 12(4). http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n4p259
54 Aouad, G., El-Saboni, M., & Sabouni, A. (2009). Electronic communication systems effects on the success of construction projects in United Arab Emirates. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 23(1),130-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2008.07.005   DOI
55 Arshad, N., Ehsan, N., Gulzar, M., Hafeez, M., & Mirza, E. (2012). The impact of employees' project commitment and its effect on IT industry of Pakistan. Procedia Technology, 1, 258-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2012.02.052   DOI
56 Ashkanasy, N. M., Chang, A., Mazur, A., & Pisarski, A. (2014). Rating defence major project success: The role of personal attributes and stakeholder relationships. International Journal of Project Management, 32(6), 944-957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2013.10.018   DOI
57 Baccarini, D. (1999). The logical framework method for defining project success. Project Management Journal, 30(4), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1177/875697289903000405   DOI
58 Bakhsheshi, H. A., & Nejad, R. S. (2011). Impact of project managers' personalities on project success in four types of project. In International Conference on Construction and Project Management, 15(2), 181-186.
59 Balogun, J., & Johnson, G. (2004). Organizational restructuring and middle manager sense making. Academy of Management Journal, 47(4), 523-549. https://doi.org/10.5465/20159600   DOI
60 Barbuto, J. E., & Burbach, M. E. (2006). The emotional intelligence of transformational leaders: A field study of elected officials. The Journal of Social Psychology, 146(1), 51-64. https://doi.org/10.3200/SOCP.146.1.51-64   DOI
61 Barling, J. (2014). The science of leadership: Lessons from research for organizational leaders. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
62 Barling, J., Kelloway, K. E., & Slater, F., (2000). Transformational leadership and emotional intelligence: An exploratory study. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 21(3), 157-161. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730010325040   DOI
63 Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York, NY: Collier Macmillan.
64 Bentler, P. M., & Hu, L. T. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118   DOI
65 Bryde, D. (2008). Perceptions of the impact of project sponsorship practices on project success. International Journal of Project Management, 26(8), 800-809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2007.12.001   DOI
66 De Gilder, D., Ellemers, N., & Haslam, S. A. (2004). Motivating individuals and groups at work: A social identity perspective on leadership and group performance. Academy of Management Review, 29(3), 459-478. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2004.13670967   DOI
67 Gundersen, G., Hellesoy, B. T., & Raeder, S. (2012). Leading international project teams: The effectiveness of transformational leadership in dynamic work environments. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 19(1), 46-57. https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051811429573   DOI
68 Hair, J. F, Hult, G., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
69 Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLSSEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24.   DOI
70 Butler, C. J. (2005). The relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership behavior in construction industry leaders. Boulder, CO: University of Colorado Boulder. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.02.007
71 Brown, D. J., & Lord, R. G. (2001). Leadership, values, and subordinate self-concepts. The Leadership Quarterly, 12(2), 133-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(01)00072-8   DOI
72 Bakker, H. L., Mooi, H. G., & Suprapto, M. (2015). Relational factors in owner-contractor collaboration: The mediating role of team working. International Journal of Project Management, 33(6), 1347-1363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.03.015   DOI
73 Cartwright, S., & Lindebaum, D. (2010). A critical examination of the relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership. Journal of Management Studies, 47(7), 1317-1342. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00933.x   DOI
74 Chan, A. P. (2001). Time-cost relationship of public sector projects in Malaysia. International Journal of Project Management, 19(4), 223-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-7863(99)00072-1   DOI
75 Clarke, N. (2010). Emotional intelligence abilities and their relationships with team processes. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 16(1/2), 6-32.   DOI
76 Dulewicz, V., & Higgs, M. (2005). Assessing leadership styles and organisational context. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 20(2), 105-123.   DOI
77 Dvir, D. O. V., Malach-Pines, A., & Sadeh, A. (2006). Projects and project managers: The relationship between project managers' personality, project types, and project success. Project Management Journal, 37(5), 36-48. https://doi.org/10.1177/875697280603700505   DOI
78 Jugdev, K., & Muller, R. (2005). A retrospective look at our evolving understanding of project success. Project Management Journal, 36(4), 19-31. https://doi.org/10.1177/875697280503600403   DOI
79 Jovanovic, P., Mihic, M., & Mitrovic, Z., Obradovic, V., Petrovic, D., (2013). Project managers' emotional intelligence-a ticket to success. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 74, 274-284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.03.034   DOI