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http://dx.doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2012.20.2.144

Regulation of Nrf2-Mediated Phase II Detoxification and Anti-oxidant Genes  

Keum, Young-Sam (Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University)
Publication Information
Biomolecules & Therapeutics / v.20, no.2, 2012 , pp. 144-151 More about this Journal
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms by which a variety of naturally-occurring dietary compounds exert chemopreventive effects have been a subject of intense scientific investigations. Induction of phase II detoxification and anti-oxidant enzymes through activation of Nrf2/ARE-dependent gene is recognized as one of the major cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative or xenobiotic stresses and currently represents a critical chemopreventive mechanism of action. In the present review, the functional significance of Keap1/Nrf2 protein module in regulating ARE-dependent phase II detoxification and anti-oxidant gene expression is discussed. The biochemical mechanisms underlying the phosphorylation and expression of Keap1/Nrf2 proteins that are controlled by the intracellular signaling kinases and ubiquitin-mediated E3 ligase system as well as control of nucleocytoplasmic translocation of Nrf2 by its innate nuclear export signal (NES) are described.
Keywords
Chemoprevention; NF-E2-related Factor-2 (Nrf2); Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1); Antioxidant Response Element (ARE);
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